Ex.1. TRANSITIONAL WORDS AND PHRASES QUIZ.

1. ______________ of the weather, the football game will be played tomorrow.

a. therefore

b. as a result

c. regardless

d. in addition

e. since

2. I dropped my cell phone and it broke. ____________, I need to either buy a new one or borrow yours.

a. in spite of

b. likewise

c. furthermore

d. therefore

e. otherwise

3. I can't help you with your homework because I am not very good at geometry. __________, I know someone who can.

a. however

b. for example

c. in addition

d. subsequently

e. in the same way

4. ___________ it was raining, I still walked to school.

a. consequently

b. furthermore

c. accordingly

d. as a result

e. although

5. ______ of her good grades, Rebecca did not get accepted to Stanford.

a. in addition

b. in spite of

c. as a result

d. on the other hand

e. thereafter

6. Jeremy is very active and enjoys exercising; ______________, Chris sits on his couch all day playing video games.

a. similarly

b. for example

c. in addition

d. on the other hand

e. as a result

7. My sister is a very kind and generous person. _____________, she helps me with my homework and drives me to basketball practice.

a. likewise

b. hence

c. additionally

d. as a result

e. for example

8. Which of the following prepositional phrases CAN NOT be used in the following sentence?
Cathy is sick; ____________, she came to school today.

a. nevertheless

b. still

c. as a result

d. despite that

e. nonetheless

9. What type of punctuation always follows a transitional word or phrase?

a. period

b. colon

c. semicolon

d. comma

e. apostrophe

10. What type of punctuation is missing from the sentence below?

a. period (.)

b. colon (:)

c. semicolon (;)

d. comma (,)

e. quotation marks (" ")

WORKING ON THE ARTICLE

Ireland ‘No’ vote plunges EU into crisis

(from: www. elsdiscussions.com)

The people of Ireland have rejected the European Union’s reform treaty in a referendum and plunged the EU into crisis. The Irish delivered a Friday the 13th bad omen to European integration.

All 27 countries needed to agree to the Lisbon Treaty in order for it to come into force. Ireland represents less than one per cent of the EU population, but their ‘no’ vote meant it was back to the drawing board for the whole of the EU. The treaty was supposed to replace the constitution, give the EU stronger leadership and allow streamlining reforms to take place more quickly. It took many years to draw up and just a few hours to vote into the trash can of history. The ‘no’ vote also highlights how unpopular the EU is to its citizens. Three years ago, the French and Dutch voted to reject the EU constitution.

Other European countries are now debating how to progress in the wake of the Treaty’s collapse. Britain, France and Germany are keen to somehow ratify the treaty through backdoor legal means. France takes over the EU Presidency on July 1st and President Sarkozy will now need all his diplomatic skills to paper over the cracks that are appearing in Euroland.

France’s foreign minister Bernard Kouchner warned Ireland last Monday that it would be a bad idea to vote no. He said: “We would not be able to count on the Irish who counted a lot on Europe’s money.” He was referring to the millions of Euros the EU has given Ireland to turn it into a booming economy. There will now be considerable pressure on Dublin to find a workable solution that will allow the reforms to go ahead.

TASKS FOR THE ARTICLE

Ex.1. READING:Read and translate the article.

Ex.2. ARTICLE QUESTIONS: Look back at the article and write down some questions you would like to ask the class about the text.

Share your questions with other classmates / groups.
Ask your partner / group your questions.

Ex.3. CHAT: In pairs / groups, decide which of these expressions and words from the article are most interesting and useful for retellin the article.

rejection / referendum / crisis / EU population / constitution / reforms / trash can / debating / collapse / diplomatic skills / booming economy / pressure / solution

Ex.4. REFERENDUM DICUSSION:Would you like a greater say in your country’s affairs?

With your partner(s), discuss your ideas on how you would vote in the referenda below. Write your ideas in the table. Change partners and share your ideas. Have your own class referenda.

Referendum on	How would you vote?	Why?
Going to war
Terror-related laws
Selling of national companies
Selection of national sports coaches
Changing interest rates
Setting immigration levels
Other…

Ex.5. TREATY RANKING:Rank these countries: 10 = my country would hugely benefit from a treaty with this country; 1 = there would be no benefits whatsoever having a benefit with this country. Share, explain and discuss your rankings with your

class.

_____ Ireland _____ USA _____ China a #10 ________________

_____ Afghanistan _____ Zimbabwe _____ Brazil a #1 ________________

Ex.6. WRITING ON TREATY:Spend one minute writing down all of the different words you associate with the word ‘treaty’. Share your words with your partner(s) and talk about them. Together, put the words into different categories.

Ex.7. TRUE / FALSE: Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).

a.	A vote by the Irish on an EU treaty has caused trouble in EU politics.	T / F
b.	Just over two per cent of the EU population is Irish.	T / F
c.	Politicians started writing the Lisbon Treaty in Lisbon last August.	T / F
d.	The Irish are the first EU citizens to vote ‘no’ in an EU referendum.	T / F
e.	Other EU countries are now debating whether or not to leave the EU.	T / F
f.	The French president will need to do some wallpapering in July.	T / F
g.	The French foreign minister said the Irish always counted their money.	T / F
h.	Now Ireland has voted, the pressure is off for Irish politicians.	T / F

Ex.8. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the following synonyms from the article:

1.	rejected	a.	sign
	plunged	b.	proceed
3.	omen	c.	create
4.	the drawing board	d.	descended
5.	draw up	e.	following
6.	in the wake of	f.	cover
7.	ratify	g.	square one
8.	paper over	h.	rely on
9.	count on	i.	given the thumbs down to
10.	go ahead	j.	accept

Ex.9. PHRASE MATCH: Match the following phrases from the article (sometimes more than one combination is possible):

1.	a Friday the 13th bad	a.	for it to come into force
	agree to the Lisbon Treaty in order	b.	of the Treaty’s collapse
3.	back to the drawing	c.	unpopular the EU is
4.	allow streamlining reforms to take	d.	the cracks
5.	The ‘no’ vote also highlights how	e.	economy
6.	in the wake	f.	board
7.	paper over	g.	solution
8.	We would not be able to count	h.	place more quickly
9.	turn it into a booming	i.	omen
10.	find a workable	j.	on the Irish

Ex.10.GAP FILL: Fill in the gaps using the words on the right.

The people of Ireland have ___ the European Union’s reform treaty in a referendum and plunged the EU into crisis. The Irish _____ a Friday the 13th bad omen to European integration. All 27 countries needed to agree to the Lisbon Treaty in ____ for it to come into force. Ireland represents less than one per cent of the EU population, but their ‘no’ vote ____ it was back to the drawing board for the whole of the EU. The treaty was supposed to _____ the constitution, give the EU stronger leadership and ____ streamlining reforms to take place more quickly. It took many years to draw up and just a few hours to vote into the trash can of ____ . The ‘no’ vote also highlights how unpopular the EU is to its citizens. Three years ago, the French and Dutch ___ to reject the EU constitution.

meant order allow rejected replace voted history delivered

Other European countries are now debating how to ___ in the wake of the Treaty’s collapse. Britain, France and Germany are keen to ___ ratify the treaty through backdoor legal means. France ___ over the EU Presidency on July 1st and President Sarkozy will now need all his diplomatic skills to paper over the __ that are appearing in Euroland. France’s foreign minister Bernard Kouchner ___ Ireland last Monday that it would be a bad idea to vote no. He said: “We would not be able to ___ on the Irish who counted a lot on Europe’s money.” He was referring to the millions of Euros the EU has given Ireland to turn it into a ____ economy. There will now be considerable pressure on Dublin to find a workable ____ that will allow the reforms to go ahead.

warned takes solution booming progress cracks somehow count

Ex.11. AFTER READING: Read and fill in the spaces.

The people of Ireland ____ European Union’s reform treaty in a referendum and plunged ____. The Irish delivered a Friday the 13th bad omen to European integration. All 27 countries needed to agree to the Lisbon Treaty in ____ come into force. Ireland represents less than one per cent of the EU population, but their ‘no’ vote meant it was back to the drawing board ___ EU. The treaty was supposed to replace the constitution, give the EU stronger leadership and allow streamlining reforms ____ quickly. It took many years to draw up and just a few hours ___ trash can of history. The ‘no’ vote also highlights how unpopular the EU is to its citizens. Three years ago, the French and Dutch ___ EU constitution.

Other European countries are now debating how ____ wake of the Treaty’s collapse. Britain, France and Germany are ____ ratify the treaty through backdoor legal means. France takes over the EU Presidency on July 1st and President Sarkozy will now need all his diplomatic skills to ____ that are appearing in Euroland. France’s foreign minister Bernard Kouchner warned Ireland last Monday that it would ____ vote no. He said: “We would not _____the Irish who counted a lot on Europe’s money.” He was _____ millions of Euros the EU has given Ireland to turn it into a booming economy. There will now be considerable pressure on Dublin to ____ that will allow the reforms to go ahead.

Ex.12. WORD SEARCH: Look in your dictionaries / computer to find collocations, other meanings, information, synonyms … for the words ‘reform’and ‘treaty’.

reform

treaty