The adjective and the adverb
Exercise 1
Choose between the adverb and the adjective given in brackets to complete the sentences.
1. It is (correct/correctly).
2. Spell the word (correct/correctly).
3. You know it (well/good).
4. Of course it is (well/good).
5. It is (cold/coldly) in the room.
6. Don't look so (cold/coldly) at me.
7. I can do it (easy/easily).
8. I always worry if you come home (late/lately).
9. You are tired. You mustn't work so (hard/hardly).
10. She looks just (wonderful/wonderfully) in that new dress.
11. I can't hear the actors (well/good) from the last row.
12. I think it a (real/really) good play.
13. This soup makes me feel (bad/badly).
14. The actress is speaking (soft/softly), but I can hear her (clear/clearly).
15. The roses will (sure/surely) smell (sweet/sweetly).
16. The victim of the accident looked (helpless/helplessly) across the road.
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with one of the expressions translated into Russian as "еще": YET, STILL, ELSE, MORE, ANOTHER, AS EARLY AS, ONLY, EVEN.
1. It is quite late. And we haven't finished our work ... .
2. You are too young ... to understand all the sorrow of the human life.
3. ... a year before the Tchaikovsky contest for pianists in Moscow in 1957, no one knew the name of Van Cliburn.
4. Mozart began to compose music before he could reach the keyboard, ... at the age of four he composed his first minuet.
5. When we thought that all the guests had arrived ... man came who was a total stranger to us.
6. Your mother impressed me with her exceptional beauty. She ... looks very young in spite of her hard life.
7. I know so little about your life. It seems to have been so eventful! What... can you tell about it?
8. We definitely have to go because we are to meet Mrs. Munroe at five in spite of the rain ... .
9. What... yesterday seemed a dream has become reality today.
10. ... then I knew it was going to happen. I was always sure
that he wouldn't forget his former job.
11. My dear lady, you've always been a beauty but today youare ... more beautiful.
12. I was always fond of visiting new scenes and observingstrange characters and ways of life. ... when a mere child I began my travels and made many tours of discovery.
13. I cannot do the translation ... , I've got something ... to do first.
l4. He was always so predictable, I felt at ease communicating with him but I am ... wondering why he behaved as if he I were taken aback.
15. The Egyptians knew geometry, astronomy, agriculture ... 3,000 B.C.
16. ... a month ago I couldn't possibly imagine that all my dreams would come true one day.
17. ... and ... people crowded into St. Mark's square, it being an ordinary day full of tourists and street sellers' yelling in Venice.
18. You've only today arrived in St.-Petersburg and I knew nothing about your coming. Am I the only person you know here, whom ... do you know in this city?
19. To feel safe and secure we need to do one ... mile towards the White Hart otherwise we'll have to struggle our way in darkness under this rain.
20.Great Britain's first Parliament was formed ... 1265.
Exercise 3
Translate into English using the expressions which render the Russian.
1. Он редко смеялся, ещё реже плакал.
2. Ещё несколько десятилетий тому назад трудно было себе представить, что человек поднимется в космос, а сегодня это стало реальностью.
3. Не торопитесь, день ещё не закончился, Все может произойти.
4. 
Ещё в детстве я очень любил рисовать. А теперь это детское увлечение стало смыслом моей жизни.
5. Ещё в 1445 году Иоганн Гутенберг напечатал первую книгу.
6. Она позвонила вчера ещё раз и обещала зайти и рассказать всё нам лично.
7. Я не могу встретить Ника. Завтра в это время я буду всё ещё занят.
8. Ты мне ещё не сказал, как твой отец воспринял твоё желание идти своим путём.
9. Ещё в древности людям были известны удивительные свойства некоторых драгоценных камней. Это положило начало магии.
10.Все это вполне поправимо и ещё не так поздно изменить принципы программы.
11. Робинзон Крузо все ещё надеялся, что какой-нибудь корабль может спасти его.
12. Вы ещё не знаете, что опыт оказался неудачным, и что лаборатория в ближайшем будущем будет закрыта?
13. Неужели она все ещё не забыла своей обиды на Вас? Ведь это было так давно.
Exercise 4
Fill in the blanks with one of the synonyms: FAIRLY, QUITE, RATHER, PRETTY.
1. He speaks French ... well, but I don't think he can handle a difficult situation.
2. It is not the best film ever made, but it's ... good. I would like to see it once more.
3. He is a very good linguist. He speaks three languages and ... well.
4. He has just written a novel. It is not the best book I have ever read, but it is ... good.
5. The weather is much better than the forecast predicted. It is ... a nice day.
6. Sixty five is ... old to start practising a new kind of exercise.
7. It has been getting ... warm lately. Very soon we shall be able to have picnics outdoors.
8. He annoys me with his absolute confidence in his own cleverness. He is ... too sure of himself.
9. The cuisine of India is ... too hot for me. I prefer something milder and more delicate.
10. I only recently really noticed that she is ... a beauty. She used to be ... ordinary when I first met her.
11. There is something ... strange about the way he talks to you. I don't feel comfortable with him.
12. The Christmas tree and all the decorations were ... finished by midday.
13. In her sorrow she was left ... alone. But she succeeded in having her own way out of it.
14. You see, I couldn't help buying this car. It was ... cheap and certainly well worth the price.
15. One can never be ... sure what she is up to. She is so very unpredictable with her own ways and whims.
Degrees of Comparison
Exercise 1
Give the comparative and the superlative degree of the following adjectives.
thin, joyful, yellow, free, comfortable, polite, shy, dry, just, recent, free, narrow, deep, wicked, right, real, sweet, grey, complete, glad, happy, strong-willed, good-natured, wide-spread, far-fetched, kind-hearted, broad-minded, well-known.
Exercise 2
Supply the missing forms of the adjectives and adverbs
| positive | well | ||||||
| comparative | further | worse | older | ||||
| superlative | eldest | best | last | ||||
| positive | near | little | |||||
| comparative | happier | ||||||
| superlative | farthest | latest | biggest | driest |
Exercise 3
Use the appropriate form of the adjectives in brackets.
1. He is the (amusing) person you've ever met.
2. The (near) house is 15 miles away.
3. She is much (young) than your sister.
4. The (near) item on the programme is a piano concerto.
5. He seemed to be (angry) than I expected.
6. She felt (bad) yesterday than two days before.
7. The first edition of this book was (good), the new one is even (good).
8. The voices of the singers were growing (faint) and (faint) as we walked away.
9. This problem is as (serious) as the others.
10. Your mother thinks you ought to be (respectful), she doesn't approve of your behaviour.
11. Try on both costumes and see which is (becoming).
12. This task is not so (difficult) as the rest.
13. The (dim) light in the room grew (dim).
14. The party was as (interesting) as I had expected.
15. David was the (talented) of the two brothers.
16. Uncle John was the (old) son of the family.
17. Of the two evils let us choose the (little).
18. This wine is (good) I have ever tasted.
19. What do you think of his (late) film if you saw it?
20. She is a (kind) woman, (kind) I have ever seen. And today she has been (kind) than ever.
21. This bedroom is (sunny) in the house.
22. My brother is much (young) than myself.
23. The opera house is one of the (beautiful) buildings in our city.
24. What is (high) mountain in the world?
25. I cannot imagine (awkward) situation.
Exercise 4
Make up situations using the word-combinations listed below.
— as successful as I expected;
— more unpleasant than I had expected;
— the most complicated I had ever expected;
– not so useful as you imagine;
—worse than one can imagine;
—the worst imaginable;
—easier than before;
—the hardest of all done before;
—the most courageous in the world;
—the most successful man ever born;
—harder than I could bear;
—more amusing than anywhere else;
—as curious as the rest of them.
Exercise 5
Translate into English.
| 1. 2. |
1. Последний поезд прибывает в полночь.
2. Моя старшая сестра на два года старше меня.
3. Наш директор — старейший и наиболее уважаемый сотрудник этого предприятия.
4. Этот текст гораздо труднее, чем тот, который мы переводили на днях.
5. Комната хорошая, но всё же не такая хорошая, как мне бы хотелось.
6. Я не так молод, как Вы.
7. У вина волшебный аромат, а на вкус оно ещё лучше.
8. Этот мальчик — старший сын моего старейшего друга.
9. Скажите, пожалуйста, где ближайшая остановка автобуса.
10. Ждите дальнейших распоряжений.
11. Эта проблема не так серьезна, как Вам кажется.
12. Ваша сестра очень талантлива. Пожалуй, самая талантливая из молодых художников.
13. Сибирь — один из самых богатых полезными ископаемыми районов нашей страны.
14. Нам нужен стол поменьше, так как комната небольшая.
15. Вам нужны обои посветлее, тогда Ваша комната будет не такой мрачной.
16. Я читала обе статьи. Первая значительно занимательнее второй.
17. Ей столько же лет, сколько мне, хотя она и выглядит значительно моложе.
18. Он сидел в самом дальнем углу комнаты, и оттуда наблюдал за всеми входящими.
19. Я никогда не встречал ребенка более терпеливого, доброго и душевного.
20. Чем больше Вы будете гулять, тем лучше будет Ваше здоровье.
21. Чем внимательнее Вы будете выполнять задания, тем успешнее будет Ваша учеба.
22. Чем труднее задача, тем больше времени занимает решение ее.
23. Чем выше интеллект человека, тем больше его духовные потребности.
24. С каждым днем погода ухудшалась.
25. Музыка звучала всё более отчетливо с каждым нашим шагом по направлению к ложе.
26. Сегодня вдвое холоднее, чем вчера.
27. Этот ящик втрое тяжелее, чем предыдущий.
28. Эта комната в два раза больше, но, несмотря на это, я привык к моей старой квартире.
29. Все его приятели в два раза моложе его.
30. Эта машина в три раза дороже того, что я ожидал.
Exercise 6
Work in groups. Student A: Describe one item in a set by making two comparisons. The others: guess which item student A is describing. The student who guesses correctly takes turn next.
1. Hong Kong, Paris, Beirut, Helsinki, Athens
2. Britain, Japan, India, Russia, Sweden
3. iron, wood, plastic, glass
4. car, bus, plane, bicycle, train
5. carrier bag, suitcase, trunk, briefcase, handbag
6. poodle, greyhound, wolf, Alsatian, fox
THE VERB
The Indicative Mood
THE SIMPLE TENSES
I. The Present Simple Tense
Exercise 1
Translate into Russian and comment on the use of the Present Simple Tense.
1. The earth goes round the sun.
2. In Britain most of the shops close at 5.30 p m.
3. In summer Tom usually plays tennis twice a week.
4. In the morning Mr. Smith wakes up, washes, dresses, has his breakfast, takes his children to school and goes to work.
5. Carpenters make things from wood.
6. Maize doesn't grow in Britain.
7. Renaissance means "revival".
8. The train to London leaves at eight, doesn't it?
9. Good morning. It's a nice day, isn't it?
10. ‘What do you usually do in the summer? Do you go anywhere?’
‘Oh yes. We don’t go to the same place twice. Though. We like to see different countries.
11. Why does Mark never come and see us these days? Is he too busy?
Present Simple
Exercise 1
Make the following sentences: — negative;
— interrogative.
1. Children usually sleep very soundly.
2. We often drink coffee together.
3. Englishmen seldom speak at breakfast.
4. I read books and listen to music every day.
5. Tony never praises me for anything.
6. He leaves home at 9 a.m. every day.
7. The teacher comes in and shuts the door.
8. He arrives home early.
9.It is rarely cold in Great Britain even in winter.
10.Our security types a great number of letters every day.
Exercise 2
Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the word (s) in
brackets.
> Pattern: Tom plays tennis. (How often?)
—How often does Tom play tennis?
—I have breakfast in the morning. (What time/usually?)
—What time do you usually have breakfast?
1. Ann watches TV. (How often?)
2. Fred manages to cope with any problem. (How?)
3. It is his problem, not mine. (Whose?)
4. Steve's friends come to our place regularly. (How often?)
5. I write to my parents. (How often? Whom?)
6. He has dinner in the evening. (What time/usually?)
7. Tom works. (Where?)
8. We come to the University at the same time. (Why?)
9. People often do stupid things. (Why?)
10. It is often cold in my flat. (Why?)
11. The car breaks down. (How often?)
12. They catch mice. (Who?)
Exercise 4
Read the following sentences and correct them. Make up two correct sentences each time.
> Pattern: The sun goes round the earth.
a)The sun doesn't go round the earth.
b)The earth goes round the sun.
1. The sun rises in the west.
2. Carpenters make things from metal.
3. Mice catch cats.
4. Ice melts at 100°.
5. Water boils at 0° C.
6. Sheep eat meat.
7. Birds fly away to the North in winter.
8. Exercise is bad for your health.
9. Journalists never ask questions.
10.Edinburgh is the capital of the UK.
11.Everyone likes to visit the dentist.
Exercise 7
Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.
1. Carol lives in a very nice cottage with her family.
2. I usually get up early because I hate being late to my office.
3. No one lives in that house now. They believe it's haunted.
4. Pete always reads some pages from one book or another before going to bed.
5. We seldom see each other these days... I don't know why.
6. Gerry goes to the video arcade every day.
7. It takes him hours to get here.
Exercise 8
Use the Present Simple Tense instead of the infinitives in brackets.
A
1. The swimming bath (to open) at 9.00 and (to close) at 18.30 every day.
2. What time the banks (to close) in Britain?
3. I have a car but I (not to use) it very often.
4. 'Where your father (to come from)?'
'He (to come from) Ireland.'
5. I (not to understand) the word "deceive". What "deceive" (to mean)?
6. 'What you (to do)?'
'I (to be) an electrical engineer.'
7. Faith (not to go) to the library very often. She (to have) a great number of books at home.
8. ‘They often (to interfere with) your work. Why-you (to allow) them to make such a noise? Why you (not to tell) them to be quiet?’
‘Oh, but they can't. Children always (to be) noisy.’
9. Who (to come) here most often?
10. He (not to approve of) your behaviour.
11. Ted never (to feel) at ease here. He (to be) too shy, be (not)?
12. 'I never (to complain) of anything. Rita (not to complain) either.'
'Oh, but she (to do)!'
Exercise 9
Translate into English.
A
1. Его родители живут в Москве, и он навещает их каждый месяц.
2. Почему вы не хотите воспользоваться такой прекрасной возможностью?
3. В это время он всегда занимается, и родственники стараются не мешать ему.
4. Вам нравятся книги этого писателя?
— Не очень, а Вам?
— Мне тоже.
5. Я не знаю, почему он всегда опаздывает. Наверное, он живёт далеко от университета.
6. — Где Вы покупаете такие интересные кассеты?
— В магазине напротив моего дома.
7. Почему ты так редко к нам заходишь?
– Я сейчас очень занят. Мы репетируем каждый день.
8. Кто помогает тебе готовиться к занятиям?
– Моя сестра. Она помогает мне очень часто.
9. Ларри редко гуляет с собакой (to walk smb's dog).
У него очень мало свободного времени.
10. –Почему Марджи так редко бывает на занятиях?
– Она часто болеет.
11.Разве вы не хотите пойти с нами на дискотеку?
12.– Где Лесли?
—Не знаю. В это время он обычно сидит дома...
— Его там нет.
13. Мой брат ходит в школу каждый день, а мы учимся пять дней в неделю.
14. Почему Вы никогда не приходите на занятия вовремя?
15. Тед покупает очень много книг и словарей.
16. Кто знает перевод этого слова?
17. Наш поезд отправляется в 18.00; у нас еще есть время.
18. Что означает это выражение?
19. – Когда вы приходите домой?
– Обычно в семь часов, иногда — позже.
– Вы очень устаете?
– Иногда я чувствую себя очень усталой, но это быстро проходит.
20. Мне никогда ничего не рассказывают.
B
1. –Как Вы обычно добираетесь до университета?
– Я еду на троллейбусе, а затем в метро.
– А Ваша сестра?
– Она не пользуется метро. Она ездит на работу на автобусе.
2. – Как часто Вы смотрите фильмы на английском языке?
— Примерно два раза в неделю. Мой брат предпочитает смотреть фильмы на русском, он еще не настолько хорошо знает английский. А я понимаю практически все, что говорят в фильмах.
— А в каком классе учится Ваш брат?
– В одиннадцатом.
—Он ходит в Вашу школу?
—Да.
—А кто преподает английский в его классе?
—К сожалению, наша учительница сейчас на пенсии. Но я знаю учителя, который учит брата английскому. Это очень хороший учитель.
—Ваш брат любит английский?
—Да. Иногда я помогаю ему, но обычно он занимается сам.
II. The Past Simple Tense
Exercise 1
Translate into Russian and comment on the use of the Past Simple Tense.
1. Yesterday I went to London to see a friend of mine.
2. Last winter he often worked in the library.
3. The manager entered the office, sat down at his desk and began to look through the morning mail.
4. When I arrived at the station, I went to the booking-office and bought a ticket.
5. He called when I was at the University.
6. Yesterday it was very cold, but today it is much warmer.
7. When did he come here first?
8. You were surprised, weren't you? It gave you a start, didn't it?
9. Did you go there or not?
10. Brian came home, switched on the lights and sank into an armchair.
11. 'Did you see Betty yesterday?'
'Oh yes, but she refused to talk.'
Exercise 2
Read the sentences about the present and make up sentences about the past.
Ø Pattern: Tom usually gets up at 7.30. Yesterday morning he got up at 6.30, because he wanted to start jogging.
A
1. Tom usually wakes up early. Yesterday ...
2. Tom usually walks to work. Yesterday ...
3. Tom is usually late for work. Yesterday ...
4. Tom usually has a sandwich and a cup of tea for lunch. Yesterday …
5. Tom usually goes out in the evening. Yesterday evening...
B
1. Larry usually drives to work. Yesterday ...
2. Larry usually works in his office. Yesterday ...
3. Larry usually doesn't argue with his boss. Yesterday ...
4. Larry usually watches video in the evening. Yesterday evening ...
5. Larry usually goes to bed late. Yesterday ...
C
1. Freda usually sleeps till 10.00. Yesterday morning ...
2. Freda usually eats nothing for breakfast. Yesterday morning ...
3. Freda usually runs 10 miles before dinner. Yesterday ...
4. Freda usually walks her dog after dinner. Yesterday ...
5. Freda usually has guests in the evening. Yesterday evening ...
Exercise 3
Make the following sentences: — negative;
— interrogative.
1. I arrived home late last night.
2. They translated this text at the previous lesson.
3. She enjoyed the party a lot.
4. Yesterday we tried to fix our car.
5. He ate his lunch at one o'clock.
6. I met my former classmate last Friday.
7 She left for London two weeks ago.
8. He got an excellent mark for his last test.
9. They were at the seaside last summer.
10.The breakfast was ready at 8 a. m.
11. She was hungry and tired after that long walk.
12. He was disappointed and wanted to stay alone for some time.
13. No one knew that woman. She was a complete stranger.
14. Christine wrote excellent compositions last year.
Exercise 4
Imagine that your friend has just come back from holiday. Make up questions, using the words given below.
>Pattern: Where/go? Where did you go?
1. How long/stay there?
2. How/go there?
3. Stay in a hotel?
4. Hotel/good?
5. The weather/fine?
6. What/do in the evenings? (at daytime? at weekends?)
7. Meet any interesting people? (new friends?)
8. Who/go there with you?
9. What/do in bad weather?
10. Food/good?
11. Excursions/interesting?
12. Be satisfied?
Exercise 5
Ask questions to the underlined parts of the sentences.
1. Last year he didn't go to the South because of the exams.
2. They came to visit his friend yesterday.
3. He went to the concert two days ago.
4. He had breakfast at 8.30.
5. His mother came to his school and had a long conversation with his teacher.
6. These students were usually late for their lectures last year because they had transport problems.
7. She didn't tell him the truth.
8. He wanted to learn the whole story.
9. Robert took his driving test last week.
10.No one wanted to learn the truth: everyone was afraid.
11.Janeasked her mother to buy her a pullover.
12. Tom bought a lot of Christmas presents for his friends.
13. Last year Marie worked as an аи pair in Newlingham.
14. Yesterday we went to the concert together. It was great!
Exercise 6
Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.
1. She left her book at home because she was in a hurry.
2. He obtained divorce last year.
3. The police asked him a lot of questions and let him go only
in the morning.
4. There was nobody in the house when we came back.
5. Erik came home very early yesterday.
6. She bought a new car two weeks ago, though her husband
objected.
7. They booked two seats at the Opera.
8. It was so hot last summer that people who have heart trouble suffered a lot.
Exercise 7
The Long Sentence Game.
Begin the game by saying "I went to town and saw a film". The next playerrepeatthis sentence and to add something new, e. g. "I went to towna film and bought a newspaper", and so on. Players get minus points for:
— memory mistakes;
— grammar mistakes.
When story becomes too long (e. g., 10 verbs), begin a new round. The player with the least number of minus points at the end of the game is the winner.
Exercise 8
The Twenty Questions Game.
One player chooses a famous person in history. The others try to guess who he/she was by asking the first player questions. If they fail to guess correctly, the first player gives them hints.
Play this game asking: — only general questions;
—all sorts of questions.
Exercise 9
Work in pairs.
> Pattern: – I went to London last year.
—And what did you see when you were there?
—I saw the Tower when I was there.
—And what did you buy when you were there?
—I bought... .
—And whom did you meet when you were there?
—I met... .
Exercise 10
The Detective "Alibi" Game.
The police believe that a certain man took part in a robbery in Londonlast weekend. He tells them that he was not in London at the weekend. His alibi is that he was in Scotland. Fill in the missing words.
Use the following verbs: travel, see,hire, return, cost, buy, fly, stay, have, catch, arrive, pay, drive, go.
On Friday I ... by tube to Heathrow Airport. I ... some magazines at the airport. I then ... to Edinburgh on a British Airways flight. I ... dinner at the Taj Mahal restaurant in Edinburgh. After dinner I ... a film at the Odeon Cinema. My ticket ... £5.00.
Then I ... at the Cumberland Hotel in Room 546. On Sunday morning I ... a car and ... to St. Andrews. I ... a deposit of £20.00 . In the afternoon I... fishing. In the evening I ... to Edinburgh. On Sunday morning I ... the 11.40 train to London. I ... back in London at 17.50.
Exercise 11
Use the Past Simple Tense instead of the infinitives in brackets.
A
1. I (not to go) to work yesterday because I (not to be) very well.
2. Tom (not to shave) this morning because he (not to have) time.
3. We (not to eat) anything because we (not to be) hungry.
4. She (not to be) interested in the book because she (not to
understand) it.
5. Fred (to be) very upset yesterday. His parents (not to allow)
him to go out.
6. ‘I (not to understand) anything.’
‘Why? The lecture (to be) so complicated?'
7. Where you (to go) last Christmas?
8. We (to look) at her for a moment with surprise.
9. Eric (to switch on) the wireless and (to sit down) beside it.
10. She (not to smile) when she (to see) him.
11. Three o'clock (to strike), and four, and the half-hour (to
ring),but Dorian Gray (not to stir).
12. WhenEddy (to leave) in the morning he (to take) her photograph with him.
13. The stranger (to climb) into his car and (to drive away), and when he (to notice) later that his speedometer (to indicate) seventy-five, he (to laugh) at himself but (not to slow down).
14. Bart’s train (to get) into Central about half past five, and he (to go) to the servicemen's hostel and (to have) a bath and a sleep.
15. ‘Why you (not to take) her with you?’
‘She (to have) a headache.’
16. ‘You (to go) anywhere yesterday?’
‘We (to go) to a party. Sheila (to have) birthday yesterday.
‘We (to have) a wonderful time.’
‘Really? It (to be) so good? Who (to show up)?’
‘Oh, all sorts of people. It's a pity you (not to be) there.’
B
1. ‘Mr. Dorian Gray!'... (to echo) the old gentleman — 'Of course... I (to know) his mother.... I believe I (to be) at her christening. She (to be) an extraordinarily beautiful girl, Margaret Devereux, and (to make) all the men frantic by running away with a penniless young fellow, a mere nobody. ... I remember the whole thing as if it (to happen) yesterday.... He was killed in a duel. There (to be) an ugly story about it. ... She never (to speak) to her father again. Oh, yes, h (to be) a bad business» The girl (to die) too, within a year. So she (to leave) a son?'
(O. Wilde)
2. ‘She (to be) the loveliest creature I ever (to see). What on earth (to induce) her to behave as she (to do), I never could understand. ... Carlington (to be) mad after her. She (to be) romantic, though. All the women of that family (to be). ... Carlington (to go) on his knees to her. (To tell) me so himself. She (to laugh) at him, and there (not to be) a girl at the time who (not to be) after him.’
(O. Wilde)
3. Dorian ... (to speak) rapidly, and in authoritative manner. Campbell (to feel) dominated by him. They (to leave) the room together. When they (to reach) the top landing, Dorian (to take out) the key and (to turn) it if the lock. Then he (to stop) and a troubled look (to come) into his eyes. He (to shudder).
...'Leave me now,' (to say) a stern voice behind him. He (to turn) and (to hurry out).
(O. Wilde)
Exercise 12
Translate into English.
A
1. Она подняла трубку и набрала номер телефона Алисы.
2. — Когда они уехали?
— Не знаю. Меня не было дома.
3. Он вернулся позавчера, верно?
4. В дверь снова постучали. Они не ответили, и вскоре стук прекратился.
5. Это был незабываемый вечер.
6. Он положил книги на стол, выключил свет и вышел из комнаты.
7. Её семья в прошлом году переехала в Лондон.
8. Он хорошо написал контрольную работу, и учитель похвалил его.
9. — Почему ты не подходил вчера к телефону, звонил тебе? Тебя не было дома?
— Я был дома. Видимо, что-то было не в телефоном.
10. — Когда Дэнни уехал в Лондон?
— Позавчера. Я проводил его. Он не хотел уезжать и выглядел очень расстроенным.
11. Кейт вздохнула с облегчением. Этот ужасный день наконец-то закончился (to be over)! Она выключила компьютер, еще раз оглядела комнату, щелкнула выключателем и заперла дверь.
12. Письмо пришло вчера, верно? Кто принес его? Почему Вы не отдали мне его сразу?
13. — Как ты провел вчерашний вечер?
— Как обычно.
14. Кто вчера уходил из кабинета последним и не закрыл дверь?
15. — Почему Вы вчера так с ним разговаривали?
— Простите, я плохо себя чувствовал. Я не помню, что говорил.
16. Вчера я пошел в библиотеку. Я хотел взять словарь, но библиотека была, к сожалению, закрыта. Я пришел поздно.
B
И вот мы продали дом и, как стая перелетных ласточек, унеслись на юг от хмурого английского лета.
Мы путешествовали налегке, взяв с собой только то, что мы считали жизненно необходимым. Когда на таможне мы открыли для досмотра свой багаж, содержимое чемоданов ... продемонстрировало характер и интересы каждого из нас. Багаж Марго, например, состоял из вороха ... одежды и трех книг с советами, как сохранить стройную фигуру. ... В. чемодане Лесли оказалось два свитера,... два револьвера и бутыль смазочного масла (oil), которая подтекала (to leak)... Ларри вез с собой два сундука книг и чемоданчик с одеждой. Я взял с собой в путешествие (to travel with)... четыре книги по зоологии, сачок для бабочек и собаку. (Дж. Даррелл)
III The Future Simple Tense
Exercise 1
Translate into Russian and comment on the use of the Future Simple Tense.
1. 
I'll come tomorrow night.
2. I think he will speak to us about it.
3. I promise Г11 phone you soon.
4. The necessary papers will reach you in due course.
5. He will never forget it.
6. I suppose we'll never see him again.
7. Will you be back soon?
8. Who'll win in the today's match, what d'you think?
9. Ted will never forgive you, I'm sure.
10. Nobody will come to your parties after this incident. You behaved like a kid, you know.
11.I give you my most solemn promise. I'll pay tomorrow.
Exercise 2
Make the following sentences: — negative;
— interrogative.
1. He will arrive tomorrow morning.
2. He will go to Stockholm next spring.
3. They will return in two hours.
4. It will rain tomorrow.
5. She will be home at eight o'clock.
6. It will be cold this winter.
7. I will take part in that concert.
8. Liz will give you a lift to town.
9. It will be cold in the evening.
10. They will perhaps publish this dictionary in spring.
11. They will issue a low-priced edition of this book next month.
12. He will do anything to get free.
13. Someone will take care of the child.
14. They will return in a month or so.
Exercise 3
Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets.
1. She will go to school next year. (When? Who?)
2. I think they'll come to see us next week. (Who? When?)
3. She will see her friend at the cinema. (Whom? Where?)
4. Tomorrow she'll have breakfast earlier than usual. (When? Why?)
5. It will snow tonight. (When?)
6. Their group will go to London next month. (Who? When? Where?)
7. Ron will help her to pass her exam, Pm sure. (Who? Whom? What?)
8. I'll never want to see him again. (Whom? Why?)
9. Those happy days will never come back. (Why?)
10. Tina will bring this new record tomorrow: be sure to come. (Who? What? When?)
11. Leave the newspaper alone: I'll read it in the evening. (When? Who?)
12. Tomorrow our in-laws will visit us. (Who? When?)
13. They will go to the seaside in spring or in summer. (Who? When? Where?)
14. He'll never lend you money: he's too greedy for that. (What? Why?)
Exercise 4
Ask questions to the underlined parts of the following sentences.
1. I think I will get up earlier tomorrow morning.
2. We shall meet our friends next week.
3. He will pack his bags tomorrow morning, he is too busy tonight.
4. I shall read ten chapters tomorrow.
5. I am tired. I shall go and have a nap before dinner.
6. There will be a party on Sunday at the Wilsons'.
7. I'll walk five miles tomorrow.
8. They will write a test tomorrow at their French lesson.
9. A crowd of admirers will come to the airport to see him off.
10. I won't buy this hat. It's old-fashioned.
11. Nelly will go on a round-the-world trip with her friends.
12. He will return the book tomorrow.
13.I'm so exhausted. I think I'll go and have a bath. I'll try to relax.
Exercise 5
Answer the following questions.
1. Will you be very busy when preparing for your exams?
2.. Which of your lecturers do you think will examine you?
3. How long will your exams last?
4. When will you be free?
5. Will you have any holidays after your exams?
Now speak about your summer holidays. What do you think they will be like?
Exercise 6
The Long Sentence Game.
The rules of the game are described in Exercise 7, page 49. The first player may begin: "Next year I will go to Japan. I will see Tokyo”. The second player adds: "Next year I will go to Japan. I will see Tokyo. I will buy a car" etc.
Exercise 7
Work in pairs.
> Pattern: - Next year I will go to Paris.
- And what do you think you'll see there?
- ГМ see the Eiffel Tower:
- Andwhat will you buy there?
- I'll buy... etc.
Exercise 8
Use the Future Simple Tense instead of the infinitives in brackets.
1. I (to be) very busy at the beginning of June. We (to have) our exams.
2. He (to come) to see me in a year's time.
3. He (to have) dinner in ten minutes.
4. This day (to come) sooner or later.
5. It (to be) slippery tomorrow, I'm afraid.
6. He (to behave) as usual, I'm afraid. You know how such people are.
7. You (to go) to the Opera with me tonight? They (to sing) Faust.
8. Who (to join) me? Perhaps I (to drive) end.
9. No one (to believe) you, I hope. And I also hope you (to stop), imagining things and talking nonsense.
10. I (not to go) to that party, my dear. Your sister's usual guests (to bore) me to death again.
11. You (to help) me or not?
12. How long you (to be away)? I (to miss) you.
13.I don't think he (to make) a really good travel agent.
Exercise 9
Translate into English.
A
1. Я думаю, что он придет на этот вечер.
2. Надеюсь, ребенок попадет в хорошие руки.
3. Не приходите завтра в два часа: он будет занят.
4. Эта зима будет очень холодной.
5. Я уверен, что он подпишет все документы.
6. Кто пойдет завтра с нами в театр?
7. Вы напишете мне, не правда ли?
8. Я не уверен в том, что он примет Ваше предложение.
9. Вы отправите это письмо сегодня?
10. — Когда ты начнешь читать эту книгу?
— Сегодня, и я верну её тебе на следующей неделе.
11. Я думаю, мы ещё увидимся до отъезда.
12. — Когда твоя семья переезжает в новую квартиру?
— В следующем месяце.
13. Ты думаешь, мы успеем к отходу поезда?
14. Боюсь, он заблудится!
15. Надеюсь, он больше не будет так себя вести.
16. Не торопите меня. Я всё расскажу с самого начала.
17. Ты покажешь мне картину?
18. Мы вымоем посуду позже.
19. Ты расскажешь мне обо всех своих приключениях? Я всё равно все узнаю — рано или поздно, так или иначе.
20. Вернусь ли я сюда когда-нибудь?
21.А что Вы скажете? Что теперь будет? Я приму любой Ваш совет.
В
1. ... Дориан, Вы думаете, что эта девушка когда-нибудь будет счастлива с человеком её круга? Она выйдет замуж за какого-нибудь грубияна-возчика или крестьянина. А из-за Вас она будет презирать мужа и чувствовать себя несчастной.
2. — Как это печально! — пробормотал вдруг Дориан Грей.— Как печально! Я состарюсь, стану противным уродом, а мой портрет будет вечно молод. Он никогда не станет старше, чем в этот июньский день... Ваш серебряный Фавн (Faun) или Гермес из слоновой кости (ivory Hermes) ... их Вы будете любить всегда. Как долго Вы будете любить меня?... Я завидую этому портрету. Почему он сохранит то, что я утрачу? Он будет насмехаться надо мной!
(О. Уайльд)
THE PROGRESSIVE TENSES
I. The Present Progressive Tense
Exercise 1
Translate into Russian and comment on the use of the Present Progressive Tense.
1. He looked at her. 'You're shaking. Are you all right?'
2. The rain is just beginning.
3. You can't talk to him. He is having dinner now.
4. It's snowing. Don't go out.
5. He isn't playing football this season.
6. 'I'm sorry', I said, 'I'm being clumsy'.
7. Hello. Are you enjoying the party?
8. His French is getting better.
9. You are forgetting yourself, young man.
10. He isn't doing very well at school, is he?
11. He frowned at her. 'Being funny? Or are you trying to pretend nothing's going on?
12. I'm revising for my spring English exam. Please try not to bother me.
13. My friends are coming next week.
14. The tap is running. Can you fix it?
15. I'm having a clear-out. Throwing some rubbish away.
Exercise 2
Change the following sentences according to the pattern:
> Pattern: He usually has breakfast at seven, but today he is having breakfast at eight.
1. She usually drinks coffee in the morning, but today she ... tea.
2. They usually play tennis on Sundays, but today they ... football.
3. I usually read books in the evening, but today now I ... a newspaper.
4. 'Usually you skate alone'.
'But today I ... with my friends'.
5. She usually washes the dishes at night, but tonight she ... dishes, she ... a book.
6. Brian usually has breakfast very early, but today he ... breakfast late.
7. They usually have lunch in the canteen, but today they ... lunch in the cafe.
8. I usually watch TV after dinner, but today I ... TV, I ... a newspaper.
9. Faith usually drinks tea with sugar, but today she ... tea without sugar. She's on a diet.
10. I usually do my morning exercises every day, but today I ... my morning exercises. I'm not well.
11. 'Usually you type your essays.'
'Yes, but today I ... it. Something's wrong with my computer.'
12. Martin usually drives to college, but today he… .
Exercise 3
Make the following sentences: — negative;
— interrogative.
1. The secretary is typing a letter.
2. The sun is shining brightly.
3. The cat is running along the wall.
4. My mother is cooking a meal.
5. My father is reading a book.
6. They are having a German lesson now.
7. She is constantly forgetting phone numbers.
8. The doctor is feeling her pulse.
9. She is running home.
10. You are walking too quickly.
11. Margie is typing very fast.
12 You are making a lot of noise.
13. The lecturer is explaining some new material now.
14. The wind is blowing outside.
15. The children are singing a new song.
16. My brother is listening to some new record.
17. You are driving too slowly.
Exercise 4
The hidden Picture Game.
One of the players draws a sketch of someone doing something. Do not let anyone see what you are drawing. The others are to try to guess what the person you have drawn is doing. Ask general questions. The person who guesses correctly draws the second picture. (You can also draw pictures showing two people).
Here are some of the pictures that you can use:
Exercise 5
The Verb Game.
Write down as many sentences as you can in the five minute time limit, player with the most correct sentences is the winner. Use the following verbs:
watch
make
clean
eat
listen to
write
play
have
put on
wash up
read
a) Choose a picture
b) Find the room
c) Write a sentence
> Pattern: He is reading a book in the living room.
Exercise 6
Compare the pictures. Use the Present Progressive Tense.
A
 |
 |
Exercise 7
Ask questions to the following sentences beginning with the words in brackets.
1. They are writing a composition now. (What? Who?)
2. He is translating an English article. (Who? What? What kind of?)
3. The dog is running after a cat. (What? What … after?)
4. He is having dinner in the canteen now. (Who? Where?)
5. She is looking for her glasses. (Who? Where? What ... for? Why?)
6. I'm learning this poem by heart. {Who? What? How?)
7.They are building a new school in our street. (What? Where?)
8. She is opening a letter from her mother. (What? What kind of?)
9. She is constantly nagging her husband. (Why? When?)
10. Tony is painting a new picture. (Who? What? What?)
11. You are talking too fast. (How? Why?)
12. My parents are redecorating our dining-room now, because they never liked its style. (Who? What? What? Why?)
Exercise 8
Ask questions to the underlined parts of the following sentences.
1. It is raining heavily outside.
2. They are trying to translate this exercise.
3. He is drinking tea in the garden.
4. Cinema audiences are declining now.
5. She's listening to the rock music.
6. You are trying to persuade him, but he won't listen.
7. They've moved to a new house and are buying new furniture.
8. You are constantly mispronouncing this word, because you're inattentive.
9. None of them is taking part in the discussion: they are not ready.
10. Ellen is reading a book on the veranda.
No one is trying to help him: he doesn't like it.
Exercise 9
Ask all types of questions to the following sentences.
1. Albert is doing quite nicely in his business.
2. All the town is talking about this story.
3. We are discussing what can be done about this situation.
4. He is working on some kind of invention.
5. You are eating too much.
6. I am having dinner now.
7. Aunt Betty is talking to the butcher in the kitchen.
8. He is being somewhat strange today.
9. Liz is trying to fix her washing machine.
10. My parents are talking about Fred's new car.
11. I am dreaming about summer.
12. Archie is always talking about his baby son.
13. We are trying to talk Ron out of it.
Exercise 10
Use the Present Progressive Tense instead of the infinitives in brackets.
A
1. Look! It (to rain).
2. Why you (not to wear) your coat today? It's so cold.
3. Excuse me, I (to look for) the post-office. Is there one near here?
4. You (to make) a lot of noise.
5. They (to quarrel) again!
6. He is on holiday. He (not to work) today.
7. You (to read) any English books now?
8. They (to have) an English lesson. The teacher (to write) new words on the blackboard and (to explain) their meanings. The students (to sit) at the tables and (to make) notes. Through the window we see the school yard. The school children (to run about) there. They (to have) an interval between their lessons.
9. What you (to talk) about?
10. Jim (to take) his driving test now.
11. 'What you (to do) at the moment? Can you help me with my project?'
'Oh, I'm busy just now. I (to fix) my mixer. But if you can wait...'
'Yes, I can. We (to write) several projects this semester.
I don't know what to do about this one.'
12.'What you (to play)? Is it something that I know?'
'It's mine.'
'You (to play) wonderfully.'
13.'What Tom (to do)? Why he (not to practise)?'
'He (to have) some rest.'
14. I constantly (to forget) things.
15. What you (to wait for)? Why you (to sit) here?
16. What Barry (to try) to get at?
17. 'Stop making that noise!'
'And what you (to do)?'
‘I (to try) to get some sleep!'
В
1. In a bed in the corner of the room her little boy (to lie) ill. He has a fever, and (to ask for) oranges. His mother has nothing to give him, so he (to cry). (O. Wilde)
2. We (to be) all truthful now, we (not to be)? (J. B. Priestly)
3. Robert: I (to wait) for your explanation. (J. В. Priestly)
4. Rоbert: I (not to say) good-bye to you I don't know you.
I (to say) good-bye to this [Indicates her face]. (J. B. Priestly)
5. I (to get) chilled to the bone. (B. Shaw)
6. Whatever you (to do) here? (B. Shaw)
7. They (to use) the telephone. (B. Shaw)
8. I (to behave) myself perfectly. (B. Shaw)
9. You (not to listen) to a word I (to say) ... and I (to make) the most delightful plans for your future. (O. Wilde)
10. Olwen: Let's leave it alone.
Miss Mockridge: ...Oh no, I (to enjoy) it — very much. (J. B. Priestly)
Exercise 11
Use the Present Simple or the Present Progressive Tense instead of the infinities in brackets.
1. I (to think) you (to behave) rather foolishly, honey.
2. I (to think) about your behaviour. What you (to think) you (to do)?
3. Your German (to get) better?
4. I (to see) that you (to have) some problems with this computer. Can I be of any help?
5. He (to understand) the rule, but he still (to make) mistakes too often.
6. 'You (to believe) his story?'
'Oh no. I never (to believe) him. He always (to tell) lies.'
7. How many parts this text (to consist of)?
8. 'Listen! You (to hear) that noise?'
'That's our neighbours. They (to shout) again. They never (to tire) of it.'
'They always (to shout) like that?'
9. Now I (to see) everything clearly. You (to try) to swindle.
That won't do!
10. Who this house (to belong) to?
11. 'Hello there! Where you (to think) you (to go)?'
'I (to want) to go to the disco.'
'No. You (to do) your lessons now. And I (to mean) it.'
12. 'Where's Mom?'
'She's in the kitchen. She (to cook) dinner.'
'I (to think) П1 go and give her a hand.'
'Don't! She (to be) sulky today. She (not to want) to see anyone.'
13. 'Why he (to look) so gloomy?'
'Oh, he (to have) a toothache.'
14. 'What you (to look) at?'
'I (to look) at the girl over there. You (not to think) her dress is wonderful?'
15. 'What you (to think) about?'
'I (to think) that I won't really enjoy the party tonight.'
'You (to say) that I must go alone? You (to go) with me, and that's that'
15.'Tony (to feel) something's wrong, but he can't say what.'
'Well, I (to believe) we'll soon learn everything.'
17. 'What we (to wait for)?'
'We (to wait for) Mother. She (to choose) presents. She (to think) that one of those dresses will do for Jessie, so now she (to look over) them and (to feel) the fabric'.
18. 'What Esther (to think) about it?'
'She (to find) it all very strange.'
19. You (to believe) in Santa Claus?
20. Gerry always (to find fault with) me.
21. Your letters (to be) very welcome, but he (to want) to know everything at first hand.
Exercise 11
Translate into English.
A
1. — Кто сейчас сдает экзамен?
— Моя подруга.
2. — Почему Вы не смотрите телевизор?
– Я готовлюсь к занятиям.
3. У тебя всё еще дрожат руки.
4. Вечно она со всеми ссорится!
5. Он работает теперь в другом месте, и дела у него идут хорошо.
6. — Что делает твой племянник?
— Он работает в саду.
7. — Почему она плачет?
— Я не знаю. Я стараюсь успокоить её.
8. — Откуда Вы идете?
—Из магазина.
9. У них сейчас урок немецкого языка.
10. Мы сидим у окна, ярко светит солнце, мимо нашего дома спешат люди...
11.Студенты слушают объяснения преподавателя.
12. Куда Вы спешите?
13. — Что ты ищешь?
— Я ищу свои часы.
14. Почему ты всегда ворчишь?
15. — Что ты о нём думаешь?
— Я думаю, что он хороший собеседник.
16. — О чём ты думаешь?
— Я думаю о каникулах.
17. — Сколько глав в этой книге?
— Десять. Сейчас я читаю седьмую. Вы хотите взять её?
— Да, если можно.
18. Он ведет себя ужасно.