Формы настоящего простого времени
| Утвердительная форма | Вопросительная форма | Отрицательная форма |
| I You askevery day. We They | I Doyou askevery day? we they | I You do not askevery day. We (don’t) They |
| He She asksevery day. It | he Doesshe askevery day? it | She He does not askevery day. It (doesn’t) |
Утвердительная форма образуется с помощью инфинитива без частицы to для всех лиц и чисел, кроме третьего лица единственного числа: e.g I live near Moscow.
Вопросительная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do: e.g. Where do I live?
Отрицательная форма образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола do и отрицательной частицы not:e.g. I don’t live near here.
В третьем лице единственного числа к инфинитиву и к вспомогательному глаголу добавляется окончание -s (-es): e.g. He speaks. Doeshe speak? He doesn’t speak.
Окончание читается как [s] после глухих согласных: works, asks
как [z] после звонких согласных и гласных: sounds, reads, tries
как [iz] – после s, ss, sh, ch, tch, x: dresses, watches.
Spelling rules. Правила правописания.Большинство глаголов, как уже было сказано выше, в третьем лице единственном числе добавляют окончание-s:e.g. I read a lot.–He reads a lot.
К глаголам, оканчивающимся на -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -o, добавляется окончание -es.
e.g. I kiss – he kisses,I brush – he brushes, I teach – he teaches, I fix – he fixes, I go – he goes.
Глаголы, оканчивающиеся на -у после согласной буквы, утрачивают -у и принимают окончание –ies: e.g. I try – he tries, I study – he studies.
Глаголы, оканчивающиеся на -у после гласной буквы, просто принимают -s в конце.
e.g. I buy – he buys, I enjoy – he enjoys.
Возможные указатели времени:обстоятельства времени, такие как: always, usually, often, seldom, sometimes, everyday и т.д.
Exercise 1. Поставьте глаголы в третье лицо единственное число, добавив окончание и осуществив орфографические преобразования, если это необходимо.
| swim, catch, try, take, watch, sell, study, miss, do, copy, cut, play, finish, ride, cry, mix, stay, dry, make, go. |
| -s | -es | -ies |
| swims | catches | tries |
| ________ | ________ | ________ |
| ________ | ________ | ________ |
| ________ | ________ | ________ |
| ________ | ________ | ________ |
| ________ | ________ | |
| ________ | ________ | |
| ________ |
Exercise 2. Образуйте отрицательные и вопросительные формы следующих предложений.
e.g.:He works hard.– He doesn’t work hard. Does he work hard?
1. My sister gets up at 7 o’clock.
2. He can drive well.
3. In the evening we gather in the living-room.
4. I usually have a cup of coffee for breakfast.
5. His cousins are postmen.
6. My uncle writes books.
7. We bake cakes at weekends.
8. Babies always sleep after dinner.
9. They speak English well.
10. She’s got ten posters on the walls in her room.
11. Our neighbor is very friendly.
Exercise 3. Раскройте скобки. Напишите предложения, употребив необходимую форму Present Simple.
A
1. I ____ (read) books in the evening.
2. I ____ (not/ read) books in the morning.
3. He ____ (help) his mother about the house every day.
4. We _____ (not/ go) to the country in winter.
5. ____ you ____ (play) chess well?
6. ____she ____ (speak) English fluently?
7. My mother ____ (work) at school. She ____ (not/ want) to change her occupation.
8. We ____ (have got) a nice flat in the centre of town, but we ____ (not/ have got) a car.
9. It ____ (be) autumn. The air ____ (be) quite fresh in the morning. There ____ (be) a lot of leaves on the ground.
10. ‘When ____you ____ (get) up?’ ‘Usually I ____ (get) up at seven and my brother ____ (not/ get) up until eight.’
11. What ____ you usually ____ (have) for breakfast?
12. What foreign languages ____ your sister ____ (can/ speak)?
B
1. ‘Where _____ (be) Johan?’ ‘At school.’
2. Jane _____ (not/ drink) tea very often.
3. What time _____ (the banks/ close) in Britain?
4. ‘Where _____ (Martin/ come) from?’ ‘He's Scottish.’
5. ‘What _____ (you/ do)?’ ‘I'm an electrical engineer.’
6. It _____ (take) me an hour to get to work. How long _____ (it/ take) you?
7. I _____ (play) the piano but I _____ (not/ play) very well.
8. I don't understand this sentence. What ______ (this word/ mean)?
9. The next bus _____ (leave) at exactly two o’clock.
10. ______ (you/ ever/ sleep) past noon?
Exercise 4. Закончите предложения, вставляя один из данных в таблице глаголов.
| cause(s) last(s) close(s) drink(s) live(s) leave(s) open(s) cure(s) speak(s) take(s) place bring(s) |
1) Ann ____ German very well.
2) I never ____ coffee.
3) The swimming pool ____ at 9 o'clock and ____ at 18:30 every day.
4) Bad driving ____ many accidents.
5) My parents _____ in a very small flat.
6) The Olympic Games _____ every four years.
7) My father and I _____ home at eight o’clock.
8) Time _____ all things.
9) Each season of the year _____ three months and ____ changes in the year.
Exercise 5. Используйте данные в таблице глаголы, чтобы завершить предложения. Иногда необходимо использовать отрицательную форму.
| believe eat flow go grow make rise tell translate |
1) The sun ____ round the earth.
2) Rice ____ in Britain.
3) The sun ____ in the east.
4) Bees ____ honey.
5) Vegetarians ____ meat.
6) An atheist ____in God.
7) An interpreter ____ from one language into another.
8) A liar is someone who ____ the truth.
9) The River Amazon ____ into the Atlantic Ocean.
Exercise 6. Задайте Лизе вопросы. Обратите внимание на образец.
e.g. You know that Liz plays tennis. You want to know how often. Ask her. – How often do you play tennis?
1. You know that Liz reads newspaper. You want to know which one.
2. Perhaps Liz's sister plays tennis too. You want to know. Ask Liz.
3. You know that Liz gets up early. You want to know what time.
4. You know that Liz's brother works. You want to know what he does.
5. You know that Liz goes to the cinema a lot. You want to know how often. Ask her.
6. You don't know where Liz's mother lives. Ask Liz.
7. Perhaps Liz studies languages. You want to know. Askher.