Electronic textbook on CD-ROM
IN ENGLISH
Electronic textbook on CD-ROM
Tambov
TSTU Publishing House
Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Федеральное государственное бюджетное
образовательное учреждение высшего образования
«Тамбовский государственный технический университет»
Н. А. Гунина, Е. В. Дворецкая,
Л. Ю. Королева, Т. В. Мордовина
профессиональное общение
на Английском языке
PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION
IN ENGLISH
Утверждено Ученым советом университета в качестве учебного пособия для магистрантов первого курса очного и заочного отделений, обучающихся по направлению «Международная профессиональная коммуникация»
Учебное электронное мультимедийное издание
комплексного распространения
Тамбов
Издательство ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ»
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББКШ13(Ан)-923я73
Г94
Рецензенты:
Кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры
зарубежной филологии и лингвистики факультета филологии и журналистики ФГБОУ ВПО «ТГУ им. Г. Р. Державина»
Е. Ю. Дубовицкая
Доктор филологических наук,
заведующая кафедрой «Иностранные языки» ФГБОУ ВПО «ТГТУ»
М. Н. Макеева
Гунина, Н. А. | |
Г94 | Профессиональное общение на английском языке [Электронный ресурс, мультимедиа] : учебное пособие для магистрантов первого курса очного и заочного отделений, обучающихся по направлению «Международная профессиональная коммуникация» / Н. А. Гунина, Е. В. Дворецкая, Л. Ю. Королева, Т. В. Мордовина. – Тамбов: Изд-во ФГБОУ ВО «ТГТУ», 2016. – 1 электрон. опт. диск (CD-ROM). – Системные требования : ПК не ниже класса Pentium II; CD-ROM-дисковод, 128 Мб ; RAM; Windows 95/98/XP; мышь. – Загл. с экрана. – ISBN 978-5-8265-1607-2. |
Состоит из трех учебных блоков, включающих материалы по профессиональной, научной и деловой коммуникации. Каждый раздел содержит несколько подразделов, охватывающих различные аспекты английского языка применительно к данным видам коммуникации. Подбор практических заданий позволяет сформировать и закрепить основные умения и навыки различных видов иноязычной речевой деятельности – чтения, говорения, аудирования и письма. Предназначено для магистрантов первого курса очного и заочного отделений, обучающихся по направлению «Международная профессиональная коммуникация». |
УДК 811.111(075.8)
ББКШ13(Ан)-923я73
Все права на размножение и распространение в любой форме
остаются за разработчиком.
Нелегальное копирование и использование данного продукта запрещено.
ISBN 978-5-8265-1607-2 | © Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Тамбовский государственный технический
|
CONTENTS
Введение ……..…………………………………….....
Unit 1. Professional Communication…………….
1А Applying for a Job……………………………
1B Companies and Businesses…………………..
1C Innovations and Products……………………
1 D Design and Specifications ………………….
Unit 2. Scientific Communication………………..
2A Submitting a Research Proposal…………….
2B Participating in a Research Conference…….
2C Writing a Research Paper…………………...
2D Giving a Presentation at a Research
Conference………………………………………
Unit 3. Business Communication………………............
3A Interpersonal and Intercultural Contacts…..
3B Negotiations ………………………………….
3C Contracts and Agreements…………………..
3D Project Management…………………………
Заключение………………………………..
Список литературы.
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для магистрантов первого курса очного и заочного отделений, обучающихся по направлению «Международная профессиональная коммуникация», изучающих английский язык для практического использования в деловой, профессиональной и научной деятельности.
Цель пособия: обучение англоязычному устному и письменному профессиональному, деловому и научному общению, а также формированию навыков межкультурной коммуникации, включая стереотипы мышления и поведения в культуре изучаемого языка.
Пособие направлено на решение следующих задач:
• расширить лексический запас обучающихся;
• обеспечить закрепление и активизацию грамматического материала;
• развить умения и навыки ознакомительного, просмотрового, поискового и аналитического чтения;
• умения и навыки говорения и понимания иноязычной речи на слух.
Пособие служит формированию следующих компетенций:
Общекультурные компетенции:
– способность совершенствовать и развивать свой интеллектуальный и общекультурный уровень, самостоятельно обучаться новым методам исследования;
– способность и готовность к творческой адаптации к конкретным условиям выполняемых задач и их инновационным решениям;
– способность свободно пользоваться иностранным языком как средством делового общения, базовой и специальной лексикой и основной терминологией по специальности, владеть навыками устной и письменной коммуникации, изложения проблем и решений, четких и ясных выводов;
– умение создавать и редактировать тексты профессионального назначения, анализировать логику рассуждений и высказываний;
– способность к профессиональному росту;
– способность самостоятельно получать знания, используя различные источники информации;
– способность к активной социальной мобильности;
– владение навыками перевода общего и профессионального текста, техниками общения с иностранным партнером;
– готовность к активному общению с коллегами в научной, производственной и социально-общественной сферах деятельности;
– способность адаптироваться к новым ситуациям, переоценке накопленного опыта, анализу своих возможностей;
– владение навыками публичных деловых и научных коммуникаций;
– способность воспринимать различия этнических особенностей, традиций и культур, самостоятельно работать в межкультурном пространстве;
– способность самостоятельно работать на международном уровне.
Профессиональные компетенции:
– способность понимать основные проблемы в своей предметной области, выбирать методы и средства их решения;
– способность самостоятельно приобретать и использовать в практической деятельности новые знания и умения, в том числе в новых областях знаний, непосредственно не связанных со сферой деятельности;
– способность осуществлять сбор, анализ информации отечественного и зарубежного опыта по тематике исследования;
– способность к работе в многонациональных коллективах, в том числе при работе над междисциплинарными и инновационными проектами, создавать в коллективах отношения делового сотрудничества;
– способность представить (опубликовать) результат научного исследования на конференции или в печатном издании, в том числе на иностранном языке;
– способность организовывать и проводить переговоры с представителями заказчика и профессиональные консультации на предприятиях и в организациях.
Данные цели, задачи и компетенции определяют структуру пособия, составленного из трех тематических разделов: Professional Communication, Scientific Communication и Business Communication. Каждый раздел разбит на четыре подраздела и включает оптимальное количество заданий на развитие основных видов речевой деятельности обучающихся: чтение, говорение, аудирование и письмо.
Идея и разработка данного пособия принадлежит Королевой
Л. Ю., Гуниной Н. А. (Unit I), Мордовиной Т. В. (Unit II), Дворецкой Е. В. (Unit III).
Unit 1. Professional Communication
1А. Applying for a Job |
1. Work in small groups and answer these questions:
1. Have you got a job? If yes, do you like it?
2. If you need to find a (new) job, what should you do?
3. What factors are the most important ones for getting a job?
2. Read the advertisements and find out the main requirements for the jobs.
CASE Consultants is a Civil & Structural Engineering Practice founded in Torquay in 1988. Our busy Practice has enjoyed a challenging & expanding workload acting for Clients throughout the South West, on a variety of public & private sector projects up to £20m. We are seeking to expand the Practice & have the following vacancies:
1) Chartered Civil / Structural Engineer
Self motivated, chartered or near chartered engineer with at least 5 years design experience required to work on a variety of commercial, industrial & residential projects. Good communication skills & financial awareness are essential.
2) Graduate / Incorporated Engineer
Ambitious engineer required with sound design experience of general building structures. Candidates should possess a good degree and be keen to develop through ongoing training within the Practice.
3) AutoCad Technician
Experienced engineering technician required to prepare structural details for a range of new build & refurbishment projects. Experience of steel frame & reinforced concrete detailing would be beneficial.
Salary negotiable depending on experience. Full / part time positions considered.
4) Mechanical Engineer
This is a unique opportunity to work for a large and diversified global mining organisation operating both open cut and underground projects. Due to an increase in project numbers and scope, an opportunity has now become available for a Mechanical Engineer to join the team working on various projects around Australia.
This role will involve reporting to the engineering superintendent along with managing the mechanical engineering tasks, maintenance planning and execution of works in accordance with mining budgeting plans.
In this role, the mechanical engineer will:
• Maintain compliance with legislative and environmental requirements and ensure risk assessments have been utilised.
• Plan and coordinate the work in an efficient manner which may require liaising with contractors.
• Provide technical support in the preparation of execution plans, method statements and temporary work designs, including supporting calculations to meet project specifications.
• Check drawings, designs, materials and equipment for conformity with project specifications.
• Manage the maintenance planning and daily project inquiries.
The successful applicant will have:
• A tertiary qualification in Mechanical Engineering
• 2 – 5 years experience within the mining industry
• Strong communication and interpersonal skills coupled with the ability to manage personnel on site
• Beneficial to have strong project management and planning skills
• Excellent communication skills and the ability to be organised and multi-task
Would you like to apply for any of these positions? Why/Why not?
3. Match the following words with their definitions:
1. maintain | a) work that is done to keep a building, machine or piece of equipment repaired and in good condition |
2. diversified | b) the practice of obeying a law, rule or request |
3. report to | c) to make something stay the same |
4. maintenance | d) to provide information about something to someone who is in charge of you |
5. execution | e) consisting of many different parts or people |
6. compliance | f) an arrangement to see someone in an unexpected situation when an immediate action is needed |
7. risk assessment | g) the amount of work that a person or organization has to do |
8. emergency appointment | h) the act of completing something that you have agreed or planned to do |
9. workload | i) the process of making a judgement or forming an opinion after considering risks carefully |
4. Complete the sentences using the following words:
advertisement | applicant |
to advertise | to apply for |
requirement | position |
to require | experience |
application | to provide |
to assist | curriculum vitae (CV) / resume |
reference | referee |
1. This company is looking for a person for the …..........of a Sales Manager who will …... a Managing Director.
2. They placed an …....... in the local newspaper two days ago.
3. Their main …........ are experience and communicative skills. They also …........ that an applicant should be self-disciplined.
4. ….. should have a 3 years’ ….... .
5. You must have two ….. from your previous work and give names of your …..... .
6. Candidates should …........ their …....... and send …....... to the address given in the newspaper where the company …....... its products.
5. If you have found an interesting job in some advertisement you must write a covering letter and a CV / resume. Have you ever written any of them? What information should you give in them?
In small groups, discuss the statements:
1. There are no differences between a CV and a covering letter.
2. A photo is included into your CV.
3. You can add any information you like to make a good impression on your potential employers.
4. If you have to conceal something you do it.
6. Listen to a careers counsellor answering questions from a student about covering letters. What three things does the student ask about? (Recording 1.1)
Question 1 | |
Question 2 | |
Question 3 |
7. Listen again (Recording 1.1). What are the counsellor’s answers to the questions? Make notes to the questions you wrote in Exercise 6.
Answer 1 | |
Answer 2 | |
Answer 3 |
8. Read Josh Reed’s covering letter and complete it with the words and phrases from the box:
abilities experience am keen position knowledge skills |
Josh Reed
75 Berry St
Summerville QLD 4536
T: (07) 8222 1111
Rachel Forrester
HR Manager
Brighton Mining
Green Plains NSW 2008
February 3, 2016
Dear Ms Forrester
Re: Mechanical Engineer Position
I am writing to apply for the _____ of Mechanical Engineer as recently advertised on SEEK.com.au.
I am a highly motivated Mechanical Engineer with a Bachelor of Engineering (Mechanical Major) and three years of practical on-site mining ______. I am very interested in joining the engineering team at Brighton Mining given your reputation for world-leading innovation in open cut and underground mining.
In my current position as a mechanical engineer at Newcrest Mining I have developed key project management _____ and the ability to improve communication with the broader project team.
I have a thorough ______ of the processes of open cut and underground mining. I possess excellent interpersonal and communication skills and my multitasking _______ are advanced.
Given my on-site experience I am accustomed to operating in a FIFO environment and working hard to keep projects running on time and within budget. I ______ to employ my skills and enthusiasm as an integral part of your team and I look forward to being able to discuss this position with you further.
Yours sincerely,
Josh Reed
9. Think if you have any skills and abilities to work in the company described in the advertisement given above. Choose one position, organize your ideas about the information to include into the covering letter, write your covering letter.
10. Work with a partner and discuss the following:
1. What is the aim of a CV?
2. What are the main parts of a CV?
3. Should you use the same CV for all job applications?
11. You will hear six people giving their opinion about writing a CV. Listen and make notes about what they say (Recording 1.2):
SPEAKER 1......... | SPEAKER 4............ |
SPEAKER 2 ….... | SPEAKER 5........... |
SPEAKER 3......... | SPEAKER 6............ |
12. Read Carmen Frazier’s CV and answer the questions:
1. What are the main parts of this CV?
2. What have you learned about Frazier’s education?
3. What are her professional abilities?
4. Does Frazier speak any foreign languages?
5. Do you think she is a good candidate for the company Case Consultants? Why/ why not?
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Carmen Frazier
Date of Birth: May 6, 1979
Citizenship: American
PROFILE
• Extensive knowledge in Building Engineering
• Strong technical skills in AutoCad applications
• MS Windows, Mac OS, Archicad, CorelDraw, Sage
• Experienced working in large scale industries
EDUCATION
M.S. in Structural Engineering, 2006, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
B.S. in Civil Engineering, 2002, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA
EMPLOYMENT HISTORY
Chief, Civil Engineer, 2007 - Present
RESPONSIBILITIES:
• Provided cost-effective solutions to recurring construction problems.
• Monitored the status of government projects and ensured compliance with civil engineering standards.
SKILLS
Adept with engineering tools and techniques
Extensive experience in residential, commercial and industrial projects
Certificate in AutoCAD
1B. Companies and Businesses |
Describing your job
I'm …. | Mу job responsibility is to …. |
My job title at …. (company) | I’m responsible for… |
Look at the list of departments in а company (а-h) and read people’s situations (1 – 6) below. Decide which department each person should ask to speak to when phoning the company. There are more departments than you need.
Mr. Мitсhell is а marketing executive who has received several complaints from customers about faulty goods. | |
Mr. Davies is а consultant who thinks he has not been paid for an invoice | |
Мr. Finer has just received the results of the laboratory tests on а possible new product | |
Ms. Smith is a sales executive who is interested in working for the company | |
Ms. Еvans works in the company as а secretary and she has a problem with her computer. | |
Мr. Маrtins is а retailer who is interested in stocking the company’s products. |
A Human Resources | D Sales | G Production |
B Accounts | E Quality Control | |
C Technical Support | F Research and Development |
4. Read the dialogue and fill in the missing phrases:
annual turnover, employ, technical people, workforce
A: How many people does your company __________?
B: We have sixty employees. We have about forty factory workers and ___________ and the rest are admin and sales staff. We started off with only ten people so our __________ has grown a lot. What’s your _________?
A: It was over 2 million euro last year.
These sentences describe two companies, Autotech and Green Fingers. Choose pairs of sentences, which describe similar things and match them with the correct company. Underline the verbs which mean the same things.
GREEN FINGERS A small garden-products company | AUTOTECH A large car-parts company |
1 George and Tames Hawkins began Green Fingers in the 1920s/ | 1 John Smith started Autotech in 1960. |
1. John Smith started Autotech in 1960.
2. It has a workforce of 2,500.
3. Autotech exports to over 12 countries.
4. It manufactures car parts.
5. It introduces one or two new components each year.
6. It employs about 35 people.
7. Green Fingers sells some of its products abroad.
8. It makes garden products.
9. George and James Hawkins began Green Fingers in the 1920s.
10. Green Fingers supplies the gardening industry.
11. It launches 12 new products a year.
12. Autotech provides components for the car industry.
7. Сomplete the text with the correct form of verbs:
launch have begin manufacture provide export
Sonara__________ in 1972 near Turin. Today, it ___________ mainly aircraft engines, but in the 1970s it also ______________ the car industry with components. It _______________ a workforce of 2,000. Sonara _____________75 % of its engines to other European countries. Last month, it _________a new type of engine which burns 15 % less fuel than other models.
Match the sentence halves.
1. Panetti employs over 3,500 people, | a) but it plans to expand into France. |
2. It introduced four new products last year, | b) including 1,400 in its own retail outlets. |
3. It makes bread and | c) including sandwiches and pies. |
4. Panetti only supplies its own shops; | d) many other bakery products. |
5. It doesn't sell any of its products abroad, | e) it does not make products for anyone else. |
Formatting Business Memos
The format of a business memo differs in two significant ways from that of a business letter: 1) it does not include an inside address and, 2) it does not include a salutation or a complimentary close. The three elements of a business memo are the title, the heading, and the body.
Sample memo
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Your colleague has decided to apply to SARF and has downloaded an application form. Look at the list of sections on the form (1-10) and match each one to your colleague's notes on the information she needs to provide.
APPLICANT | |
CURRENT APPOINTMENT AND ADDRESS | |
LOCATION OF PROPOSED STUDY | |
SPONSOR’S RECOMMENDATION | |
DEPARTMENTAL SUPPORT | |
PROJECT TITLE | |
PROJECT SUMMARY | |
DETAILS OF PROPOSED RESEARCH | |
BUDGET | |
10 | NOMINATED REFEREE WITH PERSONAL KNOWLEDGE OF APPLICANT |
Section 7 of the form (in the previous Exercise) asks applicants to write a project summary of their research proposal. Think about a research project in your area. In pairs, take turns to summarize the project following the instructions (1 – 6) below.
1. State the aims of your research.
2. Define what the problem is.
3. Explain why your topic is worth researching.
4. Say what the expected outcomes of the research are.
5. Outline the procedures you will follow.
6. Outline how you will limit your investigation.
Have you ever taken part in a meeting in English? If so, who was the meeting with and how was it? What might be difficult about having a meeting in English, apart from the language difficulties you might have? Listen to four scientists talking and take notes about problems they have had in meetings in English (Recording 2.1).
1 Sahal:____________________________________________
2 Hitomi:__________________________________________
3 Sam:___________________________________________
4 Radek:___________________________________________
Conversation 1
(1)____________ was it?
Well, to be (2)_________it was a bit too clinical for me.
Conversation 2
And (3) ________ is Freja Pedersen.
Conversation 3
So where are you (4) ________, Freja?
What are you (5)_______at?
Conversation 4
So are you (6)_______a paper here, Makareta?
Conversation 5
Well, how (7)_________you come out with us tonight?
Conversation 6
So, how did the talk (8)________ ?
Did you get a good (9)_________ ?
Conversation 7
So which other (10)________have you been to today, Milan?
Conversation 8
It’s good to finally meet you, Jacob, and put a (11)______to the name. This might seem a little (12)_______, but I wondered what opportunities there were in your lab for post-doctoral positions.
2C. | Writing a Research Paper |
1. Read the text and answer the questions:
1. What preliminary sections do the research papers include?
2. How many major sections do the research papers contain?
3. How are these sections headed?
4. What do you think which of the sections contain figures?
5. What do you think which section is the most detailed? Why?
Tony is doing research into the panspermia hypothesis as part of a Master’s degree in astrobiology. He has been investigating whether it is possible for bacteria and microorganisms to survive in an environment as harsh as the surface of Mars. He has been advised to organise the text of his introduction around five key questions. Match the beginnings to the endings of the questions.
1. What was I | a. approach the problem? |
2. Why was it | b. expect to know after doing the research? |
3. What was already | c. important? |
4. What did I | d. investigating? |
5. How did I | e. known about the subject of my research? |
A well-written introduction usually presents general information about the topic first before specific information about the research. What do you think is the best order for the extracts in Exercise 3? Answer the following questions about the extracts in Exercise 3.
1. Write down the highlighted words and phrases which describe:
a. a hypothesis / hypothetical situation
b. current research or knowledge on a particular topic
с. general statements about past research
d. the results or conclusions taken from specific past research
2. What form or tense are the words and phrases in a-d above?
THE PRESENTATION JOURNEY
Giving a presentation is like taking your audience from start to finish on a journey. At the start, your audience require some basic information before they can accompany you on this journey. Once they have the information, they're on your side, attentive and ready to listen to every step of the journey along to your final message.
Who.Introduce yourself. Clearly, the amount of information you give about yourself and your work and the level of formality you use, depends on the presentation you’re giving. For example, for a presentation to a group of your colleagues, you probably don’t need to give your name and background and you can use informal language.
Why.Tell your audience your destination - the reason they're there to listen to you and the purpose of your presentation. If the audience don’t know why they should listen, they won’t have any reason to accompany you along your journey. The 'why' is linked to the conclusion, your final message - probably, the most important part of your presentation.
What.Outline the roadmap - the main points that you’re going to develop and the order in which you would like to develop these. When your audience have a clear view of the roadmap you want to navigate, they can follow you more easily and can also see you’re planned, prepared and effectively managing the presentation. There are good reasons for giving the roadmaps, as research shows your audience listen better and remember better and more when they know the structure and shape of your presentation. The technique we use to give the roadmap is called 'sequencing'. This is a very simple technique as it just involves using language such as one, two, three or firstly, secondly, thirdly.
How.Put yourself into your audience’s shoes: address your audience’s needs. Your audience won’t listen to you as you go into the main part of your presentation if they have other concerns.
Your ‘start’ should include these points but at the same time not be too long. Ninety seconds is a good guideline as there’s evidence that you begin to lose listeners after this amount of time. Your audience tend to listen to your every word and form an impression of you in these ninety seconds. An accurate ‘start’ helps to create a good impression and you should aim to be grammatically accurate at this stage
2. Write ‘who’, ‘why’, ‘what’ or ‘how’ next to each phrase. Check any vocabulary you don’t know.
1. On behalf of Mr Keane, may I welcome you to Jackson Inc. My name’s Jo Black and I’m responsible for ...
2. My purpose today is to ...
3. I’m going to develop three main points. First, ... Second, ... Third, ...
4. Let me introduce myself. I am ... I am a ...
5. I’ll pass round copies of my slides so you can make notes as I go through the presentation.
6. Before I continue, let me tell you something about myself.
7. Today 1 would like to give you a general overview of...
8. I’ve divided my presentation into three main points. I would like to begin with ...
9. So, I’ll be addressing three main points and the first one is going to be ... The second point will be ... And finally the last point is ...
10. I’m going to outline three proposals. Firstly, I’ll ... Then, I’d like to ... and finally ...
11. We can take two or three questions at the end of each point.
12. You don’t need to take notes as we’ll be handing out presentation booklets.
The underlined phrases in Exercise 6 help speakers to organise their presentation clearly and guide listeners through the information. Write the correct underlined phrase to complete the advice below.
Use:
a. ______________________ : to introduce a new part of the talk
b. ______________________ : to conclude one part of the talk and then
begin another
с. ______________________ : to refer back to an earlier part of the talk
d. ______________________ : to refer forward to a later part of the talk
e. ______________________ : to refer to a visual aid
HOW DO SIGNPOSTS WORK?
Signposting helps you structure and shape the main content of your presentation. Signposts create ‘verbal paragraphs’ or 'verbal signals’ and raise the attention curve at the beginning and end of each point of your presentation. The technique allows you to guide the audience through the structure of your presentation linking one point to the next. The audience can’t see your notes and can’t look forward to see what is coming. You know where you’re going on your journey and you need to guide your audience by telling them exactly where you are on the roadmap of your presentation. This is a simple but highly effective technique that adds clarity to your presentations.
Q.1 Emotion
You are upset about something at you company.
Do you show your emotions at work?
Q.2 Respect
Do you respect someone because of their family background?
Q.3 Responsibility
You are an employee of an engineering company and work as part of a team. Another team member makes a serious mistake while he is working on a piece of machinery for an important customer.
Does the whole team take responsibility?
What is your experience of meeting people from different countries? What differences in behaviour have you observed? What do you say and do when you meet someone visiting your organisation from another culture?
As a group, brainstorm the sort of preparations you’d need to make for an international negotiation – think, for example, about goals, alternatives, background research, team-building, venue selection and cultural factors.
The flowchart below shows the principal stages and sub-stages of a formal negotiation. With a partner, complete the different sections using the verbs in the boxes. Fill in the central part of the chart first.
Ms Wang says that “The really critical part of the negotiation is the start.” Listen to extracts from the openings of three different negotiations (Recording 3.4). In each case note down which proposed objective / agenda point for the negotiation is changed and why.
Negotiation 1
Disagreeing with the proposed agenda: Actually, ……………. . We want to …
Agreeing to a change: Ok, ……………………. . So then you’ll …
Negotiation 2
Giving your opinion: ……………………., the major objective today is to …
Suggesting: Right, ……………………. differently …?
Negotiation 3
Interrupting: Erm, ……………………. There? We don’t have figures …
Expressing pleasure in agreement: Right - ……………. . So, let’s get started …
Prepare for the introduction phase to a negotiation with someone from your own organisation. Plan what you will say to clarify a common objective and agenda for the negotiation. Role play the beginning of negotiations.
Negotiation Role A
You are an HR manager of an international company. You are going to meet with a staff member to discuss the terms of his/her contract for a six-month posting to Phnom Penh, Cambodia. You want him/her to accept the contract because you believe it is important to develop the career of people in the company in this way. The budget is limited so you many have a problem to persuade the person to accept a contract with no extra financial benefits.
Your objective: To support career development that benefits the company long term.
Common objective: The staff member should receive a contract which they are happy with and which motivates them in the new role.
Your agenda:
1. Clarify the responsibilities of the new job.
2. Agree a salary (no extra compensation package).
3. Decide who will handle their job while they are in Cambodia.
Negotiation Role B
You are a staff member in an international company and you are going to meet the HR director to discuss the possibility of a six-month posting to Phnom Penh, Cambodia. You are interested but only if the conditions are right. You do not have to accept the position but you know that the directors in your company are hoping you will do so. You would like a financial incentive to go and live in a foreign country. You know that when you come back, you will have a lot of work to catch up in your old job.
Your objective: To clarify the reasons for going to Cambodia and to clarify the terms of the contract.
Your agenda:
1.Clarify the timing of the posting (when will you have to go / for how long / is it possible to extend, etc.)
2. Discuss the responsibilities of the new job.
3. Agree a salary plus extra compensation package including support package for accommodation.
3C. Contracts and Agreements
Requirements for a Contract
Contracts are legally binding agreements, and they pervade almost every aspect of our personal and business lives. If you own or manage a business, you deal with contracts all the time in your relations with employees, contractors, vendors, commercial landlords, banks, utilities, insurance companies, and, of course, customers and clients.
What makes a contract special – and essential for business dealings – is that it is binding on the parties. If one party doesn't fulfil its obligations, the other party has legal remedies for any resulting damages.
To be enforceable by a court, every contract (whether written or oral) must meet several requirements:
Consideration. As Cole Porter wrote in the song, True Love, "You give to me and I give to you." That sums up consideration. Each party has to promise or provide something of value to the other. Without this exchange, there is no contract.
Offer and acceptance. There must be a clear or definite offer to contract ("Do you want to buy this?") and an unqualified acceptance ("Yes!").
Legal purpose. The purpose of the agreement must not violate the law. For example, you won't be able to enforce a loan agreement that charges interest in excess of what is allowed by law or a service agreement to hire someone to rob a bank or kill your mother-in-law.
Capable parties. To be "capable" of making a contract, the parties must understand what they're doing. For example, there is a presumption that minors and insane people usually don't know what they're doing and, for that reason, contracts they enter into won't be enforced under certain circumstances.
Mutual assent. This is also sometimes referred to as a "meeting of the minds." The contracting parties must intend to be bound by their agreement and must agree on the essential terms.
In addition to these general rules, laws may impose more requirements on particular types of contracts. For example, certain consumer contracts must meet additional requirements, and some contracts must be in writing.
1. Why are contracts so important in life today?
2. What is the main characteristic feature of a contract?
3. Are you able to make any kind of contract?
4. What difficulties may people have with contracts?
Contract Agreement
Supplier: The Office Furniture Company
Customer: National Bank, London
1. Definition of Terms:
a. “Products” refers to all those items listed on the price listing spread sheet and any item supplied by The Office Furniture Company hereinafter.
b. “Supplier” refers to The Office Furniture Company.
c. “Buyer” refers to National Bank, London.
d. “Stock” refers to the items purchased by the buyer.
Duration of the Contract
a) The Contract enters into effect on the date it is signed by each party and has a fixed term ending on December 31st 2014. This contract may be altered at any time by the supplier to suit availability of product and shipment.
b) The contract can be terminated at any time by the supplier and any deal made heretofore become null and void, at no extra cost of the supplier. The supplier is not liable to pay any compensation to the buyer.
Delivery
a) Once the stock has left the supplier’s warehouse, the supplier relinquishes responsibility hereinafter and the buyer assumes full responsibility of the stock and is liable to pay for any damage caused during the loading, transportation and unloading processes. Any damage to the products cannot be held accountable in behalf of the supplier.
b) One condition is that the supplier must receive payment in full before any items can be dispatched. If supplier has not received the payment in full, the supplier is permitted to hold the items in their warehouse without release.
Price
a) The price agreement between the two parties, supplier and buyer, is fixed for 6 months and hereinafter renegotiated by the supplier and the buyer agrees to pay any additional costs proposed by the supplier.
b) The purchase price for the relevant office furniture delivered is to be paid net within 1 day from the date of invoice for the delivery.
Answer the questions:
· What is the subject of this agreement?
· What are the main terms of the contract?
· In your opinion, is this contract supplier-friendly or customer-friendly? Prove your point of view with the words from the contract.
· How would you change this contract if you were the customer?
We go the extra mile
Offering free onsite visits, our trained team will measure your space and consult you on the best solution for your working environment. Listening to your choice of furniture we will consider all requirements as well as examining daily factors such as duration of use, the relationship within specific teams and the organisation of departments before providing you with a solution that meets your exact needs.
Role B - Customer
You are a business owner who wants to buy furniture for their new office. You need ten desk + chair sets. You are interested if there are any discounts for large orders. Discuss the delivery of goods and terms of payment.
In small groups discuss what kind projects you have worked on in your professional and personal life. Use the list of topic areas below to you’re your discussion. Were they completed successfully? Describe your experiences.
- education
- home repair
- planning a family holiday
- charity
- community action
- fundraising
- starting a business, etc.
Business Owners
Business owners definitely need to have some project management skills. With all successful businesses, the product or service being delivered to the customer meets their needs in many ways. The product or service is of the quality desired, the costs are aligned with what the consumer expected, and the timeline of the product or service meets the deadline for the buyer of that item.
The pillars of project management are delivering a product/service within schedule, cost, scope, and quality requirements. Business owners need planning, organizing, and scoping skills and the ability to analyze, communicate, budget, staff, equip, implement, and deliver.
Engineers
Engineers apply the principles of science and mathematics to develop economical solutions to technical problems. As a project life cycle develops from a kickoff meeting to the implementation and delivery of a product or service, engineers link scientific discoveries to commercial applications that meet societal and consumer needs.
Engineers use many project management skills, especially when they must specify functional requirements. They demonstrate attention to quality as they evaluate a design’s overall effectiveness, cost, reliability, and safety similar to the project manager reviewing the criteria for the customer’s acceptance of delivery of the product or service.
Construction Managers
Construction managers plan, direct, coordinate, and budget a wide variety of residential, commercial, and industrial construction projects including homes, stores, offices, roads, bridges, wastewater treatment plants, schools, and hospitals. Strong scheduling skills are essential for this role. Communication skills are often used in coordinating design and construction processes, teams executing the work, and governance of special trades (carpentry, plumbing, electrical wiring) as well as government representatives for the permit processes.
A construction manager may be called a project manager or project engineer. The construction manager ensures that the project is completed on time and within budget while meeting quality specifications and codes and maintaining a safe work environment.
Now you're going to listen to two audio clips about setting agendas for meetings (Recording 3.5). Both clips are from the start of meetings and feature a chairperson listing the points on the agenda. As you listen, fill in the gaps with some of the phrases above.
Clip 1 | |
Sarah: | ……………, Alex, ……………. …………………………for our public relations meeting are the research project, the launch of the website, the timeline for press releases, and the executive of the year award. Are you quite happy with those points? |
Alex: | Yeah, that's fine. If you could ……………, that'd be great. |
Clip 2 | |
Alex: | ……………. Let's keep this meeting fairly brief, really ……………. First of all, as you can see, the news on the book re-launch; and secondly, the office move; and finally, we'll have a little bit of time for ……………. |
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
Знание иностранного языка является необходимым условием для развития современного человека, которому приходится общаться с людьми из разных стран: участвовать в научных конференциях, вести переговоры на иностранном языке, грамотно заниматься профессиональной деятельностью и строить карьеру. Все это требует знания иноязычной культуры и основ делового, профессионального и научного общения в устной и письменной формах.
В данном пособии авторы представили задания, направленные на овладение иноязычными коммуникативными навыками (английский язык) в области бизнеса, профессиональной и научной деятельности. Включенный в пособие лексико-грамматический материал способствует формированию коммуникативно-познавательной компетенции обучаемых в наиболее распространенных ситуациях деловой, профессиональной и научной сфер общения во всех видах речевой деятельности (аудирование, говорение, чтение, письмо).
Темы пособия нацелены на:
–расширение лексического запаса;
–развитие умений устанавливать и поддерживать контакт в устной форме с партнерами и собеседниками, сообщать, запрашивать информацию в зависимости от задач общения;
–развитие умений устанавливать и поддерживать контакт в письменной форме;
–развитие и совершенствование всех видов чтения оригинальной литературы разных жанров;
–развитие и совершенствование умения понимать информацию аудиотекста по заданной тематике, осуществлять смысловую обработку поступающей информации в зависимости от целевой установки;
–формирование умений самостоятельной работы по овладению английским языком в деловой и профессиональной и научной сферах деятельности.
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
1. Деловой английский: вводный курс: учебное пособие / Е. Ю. Воякина, Н. А. Гунина, Л. Ю. Королева, Т. В. Мордовина. – Тамбов: Изд-во Першина Р.В., 2013. – 116 с.
2. Эффективная коммуникация [Электронный ресурс]: учебное пособие / Е. Ю. Воякина, Н. А. Гунина, Е. В. Дворецкая. – Тамбов: Изд-во ФГБОУ ВПО «ТГТУ», 2014.
3. Tamzen, Armer. Cambridge English for Scientists / A.Tamzen. – Cambridge University Press, 2014: 125 p.
4. Mclntosh C. Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary / C. Mclntosh. – University Press, 2013. – 1844 p.
5. Cotton, David. Market Leader. New Edition: Pre-intermediate Business English Coursebook / D. Cotton, D. Falvey, K. Simon. – Pearson Education Limited, 2012. – 176 p.
6. C