И покажите разницу их структурных моделей через перевод.

1.To obtain steel of the desired quality is the main subject of the experiments carried out in the research laboratory. To obtain steel of the desired quality the research laboratory carried out a lot of experiments. 2. To develop a new method of cutting metals was necessary. To develop a new method of cutting metals the engineers made some interesting experiments. 3. To design new machine tools a mechanical engineer must study much. To design new machine tools is the task of a mechanical engineer

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инфинитивом в функции определения.

1. Engineers must know the best and most economical materials to use and understand the properties of these materials and how they can be worked. 2. Another factor for the industrial engineer to consider is whether each manufacturing process can be automated in whole or in part. 3. The problem to be discussed at the conference is of great importance. 4. Much was done to make the work engineers easier. 5. Russian scientists were the first to synthesize diamonds. 6. The road to be built next year will connect these two towns.

13. Определите, является ли Ving форма причастием

Настоящего времени или герундием. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. While decoding was taking place, other parts of the control section

were prepared for the following operation. 2. We can get a better idea of the use and operation of a computer by looking at an example. 3. Programming with machine language requires knowledge of the computer and its internal connections. 4. Assembly language programming is easier to use. 5. Everything we supply to the computer for processing must be converted into binary form. 6. The cells are arranged as groups, storing a

number of bits together as a byte. 7. Obtaining a byte from storage and moving it to the control block is called the fetch part of the computation cycle. 8. Input to the register is called data, and is in the form of one binary digit following the other. 9. The register is capable of processing four bits. 10. The table accompanying Fig.1 will help follow data through the register.

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Текст.

Computers may have a short history but prior to their development,

there were many other ways of doing calculations. These calculations were done using devices that are still used today; the slide rule being a perfect example, not to mention the ten fingers of the hands. These machines, unlike computers, are non-electronic and were replaced by faster calculating devices. It wasn’t until the mid-1940s that the first digital computer was built. The post-war industrial boom saw the development of computers take shape. By the 1960s, computers were faster than their predecessors and semiconductors had replaced vacuum tubes only to be replaced in a few years by tiny integrated circuit boards. Due to microminiaturization in the 1970s, these circuits were etched onto wafer-thin rectangular pieces of silicon. This integrated circuitry is known as a chip and is used in microcomputers of all types.

It has been forecasted that exceptionally faster and smaller computers

will replace those in use today.

Вариант 2

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Глагол-сказуемое, определите его время, вид и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Например: is based – Pr. Simple Passive

1.Only in a few cases it has been possible to prepare material and devices in which the theoretical performance has been realized. 2. Various kinds of amplifiers had been used by that time. 3. Recently, much attention has been given to the study of this phenomenon. 4.The speed with which arithmetic operations are performed is affected by a number of factors. 5.The risks of going into orbit round the Earth, of returning to Earth are incalculable – an entirely new degree of human courage has been demanded. 6. The Newton’s law of motion can be subjected to criticism. 7. Remember that

promises must be kept. 8. The room ahs not been slept in for many years. 9. We were listened to with much surprise. 10. This task must have been started by our opponents.

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