The late headmaster the would-be headmaster
The present headmaster the ex-headmaster
the headmaster present the stop-gap headmaster
the actual headmaster the sacked headmaster
The headmaster in question
(a) The man determined to be headmaster made a speech.
(b) The headmaster, who is now dead, made a speech.
(c) The headmaster who was at the occasion made a speech.
(d) The man who had previously been headmaster made a speech.
(e) The man who is now headmaster made a speech.
(f) The headmaster who was dismissed made a speech.
(g) The headmaster himself made a speech.
(h) The man who was temporarily acting as headmaster until someone was
appointed permanently made a speech.
(i) The headmaster who is the subject of discussion made a speech.
(j) The man who was due to take up his appointment as headmaster made a
speech.
(k) The headmaster, who I think is very bad at his job, made a speech.
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a) Study and Exams
Before an exam you can reviseor cramfor it. If the exam happens every year, you can look at past papers.Some things can be memorised or learnt off by heart.But rote learningis not sufficient for most subjects. It is also possible to use mnemonics.But tricks alone are not enough, and the best idea is to bury yourself in your booksuntil you know the subject inside out.
(a)learning purely by repetition
(b) spend the maximum time studying
(c) exam papers from previous years
(d) know it completely
(e) study intensively for a short time
(f) tricks that help you remember something
b) Colleagues
Well, Philip is my opposite number in the company’s New York office. He and I have a good working relationship.Last month we got a new boss, who quickly established a good rapport[ræ'po:] with everyone in the office. I do socialise with my workmatesbut we try not to talk shop.
The company is generally very hierarchical; there’s a pecking-orderfor everything. I do a job-sharewith a woman called Rosemary. It suits us both as we each have children to look after.
(a) colleagues, especially in non-professional jobs (informal)
(b) has the same position/ does the same job as me
(c) has a structure with powerful and less powerful people
(d) communication/ relationship
(e) we each have a 50% contract for the same job
(f) a system where some people have the right to get benefits/promotions before others
(g) how we communicate and work together
(h) talk about work (informal)
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Choosing an Occupation
One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do about a career. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or firefighters, but the majority of us can’t make a decision about a career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
Many young people are inclined to choose a “popular” trade and having done so they are sure this is just what they want. But soon afterwards they realize they have made a mistake, which is difficult to correct.
Choosing an occupation takes time, and there are a lot of things you have to think about, then you have to take special courses to qualify for a particular kind of work, or may find out that you will need to get some work experience.
Fortunately, there are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. There are teachers who can counsel you and give detailed information on job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions.
In the UK there is a web site www.careers.com which is to help young people find their future career. It was originally designed to help A-Level students to find the right university course, but the site now carries much wider information on careers. Teachers and instructors now run training courses to help parents choose college and university courses for their sons and daughters. One-to-one guidance is extremely important. An experienced adviser can help students see their skills and abilities and help show them the right course.
Whatever you choose, all of you have to think about is gaining employment in a job market, which demands increasingly skilled workers.
Questions:
1. What is the most difficult thing about a career for young people? Was it difficult for you?
2. What did you want to become when you were a child?
3. What trade are young people sometimes inclined to choose? Is your profession “popular”? What makes you think so?
4. Is it easy to correct the mistake if you chose the wrong profession? What ways to correct this mistake can you suggest?
5. What do you need to make the right choice of your future profession?
6. Who can help you to choose the profession? Did anybody help you? Who was it?
7. What service helps young British people to choose their future career? Who was it originally designed for? What services does the web site provide now?
8. What services are there to help young people choose their future career in Russia?
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a) Applying for a Job