VII.Вставьте в пропуски необходимый артикль

A. 1. ... Antarctic is the home for penguins, dolphins and whales. 2. She was sent to ... Persian Gulf as a correspondent. 3. ... Europe extends from ... British Isles in the west towards ... Urals in the east. 4. The highest peak in ... North America is ... Mount McKinley. 5. We had an unforgettable experience in … Austrian Alps. 6. ... Iceland is a volcanic island. 7. If you want to see ... Lake Victoria and ... Mount Kilimanjaro, go to ... Kenya. 8. It hasn't rained for several hundred years in ... Atakama in ... South America. 9. The hunters got lost in ... Rocky Mountains. 10. Many centuries ago ... Vesuvius destroyed ... Pompeii. 11. Most toxic waste water drains directly into ... Labe (Elbe) River in ... eastern Bohemia. 12. Life in ... Cyprus follows the rhythm of the sun. 13. The most famous Italian river is ... Tiber, which runs from ... Apennine Mountains and empties itself into ... Tyrrhenian Sea. 14. I wish I could visit ... Lake Chad in ... North Central Africa. 15. You simply must come to ... Tatras for skiing. 16. ... French Riviera is on ... Mediterranean south coast of... France. 17. The oldest country in the world is ... Iran, which was known as ... Persia until 1934. It has been independent since 529 B.C.

B. 1. ... White Tower in London was built between 1078 and 1098. 2. They always stay at ... Coral Sands Hotel when they come to ... Sidney. 3. Excuse me, how can I get to ... Natural History Museum? 4. ... Supreme Court is the highest tribunal in ... USA. 5.Our galaxy is called ... Milky Way. 6.Does this bus go to ... Sheremetyevo Airport? - Yes, it does. 7. You can say whatever you like in ... Speaker's Corner in ... Hyde Park. 8. You can get a ticket to ... Moscow International Festival at the kiosk next to ... Taganka. 9. Who built ...St. Basil's Cathedral? 10. Most news comes from ... BBC and ... CNN. 11. ... Buckingham Palace, ... Trafalgar Square, ... Houses of Parliament, ... Tower of London,... Tower Bridge, ... National Gallery are the usual sights in ... English capital. 12.We can see stars and planets from ... Earth. 13. The capital of... China has two names: ... Beijing and ... Peking. 14. ... Mexico, ... New York, … Tokyo are the biggest and the most polluted cities in the world. 15. The capital of... Republic of San-Marino is ... San-Marino. 16. ... London Zoo is the oldest in the world. 17. ... Charing Cross Bridge is a railway bridge which crosses ... Thames in ... Central London 18. ... Statue of... Liberty is a gift from the French people to the American people. It stands on ... Liberty Island in ... New York Harbour. 19. About 190 states are members of ... United Nations Organization. 20. Our solar system is a small part of ... Galaxy. ... Universe includes billions of ... galaxies. There are ten principal planets: ... Sun and ... Moon, ... Mercury, ... Venus, ... Mars, ... Jupiter, ... Saturn, ... Uranus, ... Neptune, ... Pluto. The names of the planets came from Greek and Roman gods and goddesses.

ПАДЕЖНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ ИМЕН СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНЫХ

В английском языке имеется два падежа: общий падеж и притяжательный падеж.

1.Имена существительные в общем падеже не имеют окончаний и соответствуют русскому существительному в именительном, винительном и дательном падеже. Отношения между существительными в общем падеже и другими словами выражаются при помощи предлогов и порядка слов. Так, предлог of передает отношения, которые в русском языке соответствуют родительному падежу.

A kilo of sugar, the manager of the project, a cup of tea

Предлог about передает отношения, которые в русском языке соответствуют предложному падежу, а предлоги by, with – творительному падежу.

The student works at school.

The flat of the teacher (the teacher’s flat) is large.

We speak about the teacher.

2.Существительные в притяжательном падеже (-´s или s´)передают отношения принадлежности одного объекта другому. В притяжательном падеже употребляются одушевленные существительные (mother’s bag, the lion’s roar), обозначения времени и расстояния (a two hours’ show, a two miles’distance), собирательные существительные (the companies’ policy, our government’s plan), имена собственные (Twain’s stories, Moscow’s underground).

В разговорной речи существительные в притяжательном падеже могут употребляться без определяемого слова- абсолютный притяжательный падеж- во избежание повтора (My friend’s car is more expensive than your friend’s), при обозначении места (I bought some fresh bread at the baker’s).

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

I.Измените предложения, используя притяжательный падеж, переведите их.

Образец: The girl has a ball. It’s the girl’s ball.

1.The woman has a son. It's ... 2.Her cat has 3 kittens. They are ... 3.The man has new trousers. It's ... 4.Jack has four parrots. They are ... 5.Mary has an umbrella. It's ... 6.My friend has a dog. It's ... 7.My father has a new car. It’s … 8.The girl has a toy. It’s …. 9.The boy has a room. It’s … 10.His brother has a wife. It’s … 11.Mary has got a job. It’s …

II.Замените, где возможно, существительное с предлогом «of» формой притяжательного падежа.

1.The new club of the workers. 2.The poems of Lermontov. 3.The clothes of the boys. 4.The walls of the room. 5.The plays of Shakespeare. 6.The voice of his sister. 7.The dress of the girl. 8.The pages of the book. 9.The watch of my friend Peter. 10. The birthday of my daughter Helen. 11.The parents of all the other boys. 12.The boats of the fishermen. 13.The opinion of the lawyer. 14.The signature of Mr. Brown. 15.The offer of the seller. 16.The conclusions of the expert.