The aims the society is pursuing are very laudable

1. The pipeline has been severed. It carries the town's water supplies.

2. The exhibition was not very interesting. My friend took me to see it.

3. One of the chief things is to save money, manpower, and time. A computer can do this thing.

4. Immigration is an issue. This issue raises strong emotions.

5. Paintmgs by Renoir realized record prices in the sale. The sale took place at Sotheby's in London yesterday.

6. There is evidence that many men were in fact willing to accept the Company's revised pay offer. These men went on strike.

7. The pools winner used a system. This system, he said, had won him several small amounts over the years.

8. The gales caused widespread damage. They swept across southern England last night.

9. British shipyards are now quoting prices. These prices compare favourably with foreign competitors.

10. Is the оffеr still open? You made the offer last week.

11. Only by exporting enough can we pay for the goods. We buy these goods from abroad.

12. Members of the local sub-aqua club came across a wreck. It had lain on the sea-bed for over 200 years.

13. The problem today is to build houses at a price. Young couples can afford to pay this price.

14. I know the very person. He will do the job quickly.

15. In some areas of Britain, unemployment is a fact of life. People have grown accustomed to facing this fact.

Add relative clauses defining the words in italics, omitting connectives where appropriate.

a) The Council has decided to ask every tenant to move to a smaller house or a flat.

The Council has decided to ask every tenant who has a house bigger than he needs to move to a smaller house or a flat.

b) He's the sort of person.

He's the sort of person that must always be doing something new.

c) There was nothing.

There was nothing I could do to help.

1. Any man should be sent to prison.

2. Laws should be repealed.

3. The yacht arrived first.

4. The house has been demolished.

5. Would you like to see the photographs?

6. He's the most intelligent man.

7. He will do anything.

8. The man was her uncle.

9. That's the third telephone call.

10. Nothing is ever a success.

11. He enjoys talking to anyone.

12. I always feel confidence in someone.

Instructions as for3.

1. Students generally like a teacher.

2. Teachers generally like students.

3. Is that all the work?

4. The sort of food is not the same as Continental food.

5. Children like aunts and uncles.

6. Men dislike women.

7. Women dislike men.

8. The excuse was unacceptable.

9. I am sure there isn't anyone among the audience here tonight.

10. My father is а man.

11. I detest people.

12. Switzerland is a country.

Complete the sentences, incorporating contact (asyndetical) clauses.

A) The equipment the climbers. . .

The equipment the climbers took with them proved unsuitable.

B) . . . the tennis club my friend . . .

I'd like to join the tennis club my friend belongs to.

Note that this exercise requires the completion of both the main clause and the relative clause.

1. The shoes you . . .

2. . . . the book you . . .

3. The holiday we . . .

4. The teacher the students . . .

5. Every meal my wife . . .

6. The house my friends . . .

7. . . . the clothes the English . . . ?

8. . . . every word the speaker . . .

9. . . . the medicine the doctor . . .

10. The goods the customer . . .

Complete the following, using subject, object or predicative clauses.

1. . . . every school he . . .

2. The question the student. . .

3. . . . the advice your lawyer . . . ?

4. The three men the police . . .

5. . . . anything I . . . ?

6. . . . the plans the architect . . .

7. . . . the Mr Smith you . . . ?

8. . . . the girl my brother . . .

9. The plan we . . .

10. . . . the London I . . .

Non-defining clauses

13. Join the sentences, using which or who in non-defining relative clauses, and inserting the appropriate punctuation, e.g.

His latest play has been a great success. It was well reviewed by the critics.

His latest play, which was well reviewed by the critics, has been a great success.

1. This industrial dispute has now been settled. It disrupted production at six Midlands factories while it lasted.

2. The Prime Minister's reshuffle means that the Cabinet will be reduced to twenty. It now has twenty-two members.

3. Some London policemen were sent to America on a goodwill visit. They are well known for their politeness and helpfulness.

4. Three acres of land go with this estate. The estate is situated in one of the most beautiful parts of rural England.

5. Covent Garden's latest production of Don Giovanni looks like being a huge success. It opened at the Royal Opera House last night.

6. The new official guide to London contains a wealth of information for visitors. It will appear in the bookshops next week.

7. His first speech was better than his second. The first speech was broadcast. He gave the second before an audience.

8. Foreign visitors often find that English weather is not so bad as they had supposed. They often associate it with fog and rain. It sometimes makes them dread coming to England.

9. The Houses of Parliament were begun in 1840 and completed in 1857. They cost £3,000,000 to build.

10. The British Broadcasting Corporation launched the world's first public television service in 1936. As the British Broadcasting Company, it had begun sound broadcasting in 1922.