КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2

ВАРИАНТ 1

Задание 1:Прочтите и переведите весь текст устно.Перепишите2-й абзацтекста, переведите его письменно. К собеседованию подготовьте контрольное чтение и перевод всего текста. Выпишите все незнакомые слова с транскрипцией и переводом в словарь.

TEXT

SCIENTISTS’ CONTRIBUTION TO WORLD SCIENCE

Our epoch is an epoch of scientific and technological revolution when new ideas are being born and new discoveries and inventions are being made at an ever increasing rate. Man has entered space and reached out to the Moon, Venus and Mars, he has created complex cybernetic machines and made nuclear energy work for him.

Scientists are making a great contribution to the development of world science and technology in all the main fields. Today there is probably no area of human knowledge in which works of Russian scientists are not considered important. Russian science introduces highly efficient production processes. Our science is known for power and nuclear industries, space-exploration. Scientists have developed modern automatic production lines, initiated laser technology and produced new types of computers. They have discovered major mineral deposits and achieved spectacular successes in mathematics, physics, medicine, geology, engineering sciences and other fields of knowledge.

The list of major achievements of Soviet scientists could be continued. Practically all fields of research are developing successfully and some fifteen discoveries are registered each year; they extend our knowledge of the world around us and the laws of nature.

Highly qualified specialists are to be trained for all spheres of the economy, science and culture. Great advances have been made in bridging the gap between theory and practice and in accelerating the process of applying scientific innovation in industry.

Задание 2:Найдите в словаре значение следующих слов и словосочетанийиз текста, выпишите их с транскрипцией и выучите. Знание слов и словосочетаний будет проверяться на собеседовании:

epoch, invention, cybernetic machines, technology, production processes, space-exploration, to master, production lines, to initiate, deposits, spectacular successes, geology, to register, to bridge, gap, innovation.

Задание 3:Дайте письменный ответ на следующий вопрос к тексту:1. Why do we call our epoch an epoch of scientific and technological revolution?

Задание 4:Спишите предложения,определите в каждом из них время изалог сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The past two decades have seen interest in the study of elementary particles.

2. This discovery deals with a fundamentally new type of interaction between atomic nuclei.

3. The nuclear installation “Tokamak”, the basis for the first thermonuclear power station was much spoken about.

Задание 5:Спишите предложения,выпишите после каждого из нихмодальный глагол или эквивалент модального глагола. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов.

1. Mathematical methods can be effectively introduced in all spheres of science and industry.

2. Thermonuclear energy had to save mankind from a serious shortage of power.

3. Chemical physics will be allowed to occupy one of the leading places in our present system of human knowledge.

Задание 6:Спишите предложения.Переведите предложения на русскийязык, обращая внимание на значение глаголов “to be”, “to have”.

1. The achievements of science have penetrated into all spheres of life.

2. A unified theory of the interaction of elementary particles was to explain the nature of atomic forces.

3. Discoveries in the field of the all-round exploitation of solar energy are extraordinarily necessary.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2

ВАРИАНТ 2

Задание 1:Прочтите и переведите весь текст устно.Перепишите в свойсловарь незнакомые слова с транскрипцией и переводом. К собеседованию подготовьте контрольное чтение и перевод всего текста. Переведите письменно 4 абзац.

TEXT

JAMES WATT

James Watt was born on January 19, 1736, in Scotland. The boy had a very good memory and a natural love of work. His mother taught him to read and his father taught him arithmetic and writing. The boy was ill and for a long time couldn’t go to school. But little James liked mathematics and was fond of designing and making things.

Some time later the boy was able to go to school, where he studied a lot of subjects. He became good at languages and mathematics. At the age of 14 James read the famous book by I. Newton “Elements of Natural Philosophy”. He continued to read books on other scientific subjects: chemistry, medicine and anatomy. He made a small electrical apparatus and studied how steam could be condensed.

When James Watt was 18 he decided to become a professional instrument-maker. He went to London to study this trade. After he had studied in London he went to Glasgow where he was going to work. Glasgow University asked him to put into good working order some valuable instruments. His work was so good that he was allowed to call himself mathematical instrument-maker of the University.

Once he was asked to repair a model of an atmospheric-steam engine. He decided to improve this model and had to work for several years to solve all the problems. In October 1781 James Watt made a still better engine. This was a rotative engine. It could run machines. It was a great invention of that time. The rotative engine became the basis of industry. It could do many operations. Watt made several other inventions. The most important of that was his copying machine. Watt’s copying machine was used all over the country for about 100 years. Many years of his fruitful scientific work were connected with Glasgow University. Glasgow University awarded James Watt with the honorary degree of Doctor of Law

Задание 2:Найдите в словаре значение следующих слов и словосочетаний,выпишите их с транскрипцией и выучите. Знание слов и словосочетаний будет проверяться на собеседовании:

1) an instrument-maker

2) to put into order

3) to improve

4) a steam engine

5) to solve a problem

6) an invention

7) to become a basis

8) to run ( a machine, etc.)

9) a copying machine

10) to award

Задание 3:Дайте письменный ответ на следующий вопрос к тексту:1. What inventions of James Watt are described in the text?

1. The attraction between the molecules is being neglected.