Participles I and II as adverbial modifiers

In this function Participle I Indefinite corresponds to the Russian деепричастие несовершенного вида.

Participle I Perfect corresponds to the Russian деепричастие совершенного вида. In some case Participle I in this function is rendered in Russian by an adverbial clause or деепричастным оборотом.

Present Participle (introducing an adverbial phrase)

Shouting loudly and waving his arms, the fat shopkeeper ran down the road. A few feet in front of him a small, thin man was sprinting away. Laughing loudly, he shouted back to the shop­keeper: "You'll never catch me. You'll never get your money back." Concentrating on his conversation with the shopkeeper, the thief had not noticed the small boy playing with his roller skates. Bending quickly, the boy unstrapped a skate and rolled it in front of the man. The thief put his foot on to it and fell flat on his back with a bang.

8. Make one sentence from two using an -ing clause.

Model: Jim was playing tennis. He hurt his arm. - Jim hurt his arm playing tennis.

1. I was watching television. I fell asleep. I....

2. The man slipped. He was getting off a bus. The man ....

3. I was walking home in the rain. I got wet. I....

4. Margaret was driving to work yesterday. She had an accident ....

5. Two firemen were overcome by smoke. They were try­ing to put out the fire ....

9. Make sentences beginning with Having ....

Model: She finished her work. Then she went home. - Having finished her work she went home.

1. We bought our tickets. Then we went into the theatre ....

2. They continued their journey after they'd had dinner ....

3. After Lucy had done all her shopping, she went for a cup of coffee ....

10. Make sentences beginning with -ing or Not -ing. Sometimes you need to begin with Having (done something).

Model: I felt tired. So I went to bed early. - Feeling tired, I went to bed early.

1. I thought they might be hungry. So I offered them something to eat. ...

2. She is a foreigner. So she needs a visa to stay in this country. ...

3. I didn't know his address. So I wasn't able to contact him. ...

4. Sarah has traveled a lot. She knows a lot about other countries. ...

5. The man wasn't able to understand English. So he didn't know what I wanted. ...

6. We had spent nearly all out money. So we couldn't af­ford to stay in a hotel. ...

11. State the functions of Participle I. Translate the sentences into Russian. Put questions beginning with whyand when.

1. Finding himself short of petrol the motorist drew up at the next filling station. 2. Having gone into the question of how much the holiday would cost, they decided to stay at home. 3. Discovering that he had a talent for music, the shop assistant gave up his job to become a professional singer. 4. Learning that his newspaper had been taken over by a rival publisher, the editor resigned from his position. 5. Having finished the exer­cise he gave a sign of relief. 6. The man lost interest in his work, having been passed over in favour of an outsider, when a senior position became vacant. 7. Having been hit by a huge wave, the rowing-boat turned over. 8. Having been told what English food is like, they decided not to spend their holiday in England.

12. Change the sentences using Participle 11 in the subordinate adverbial clauses. Translate the sentences into Russian.

Model: When they were told how much the trip would cost, they decided to stay at home.

When told how much the trip would cost, they decided to stay at home.

1. Though she was surprised by his arrival, she did not show it.

2. When she was told the price, she put the shirt back on its place.

3. When he was asked for help, he feigned illness.

4. Though he was hurt by her attitude, he didn't show it.

5. If he was given an opportunity, he would make a good pianist.

6. Her new dress fitted her as though it was made to her measurements.

7. When the modal verb "must" is used with the Perfect Infinitive of the main verb, it has a past time reference.

8. If he is given time, he'll make the first-class chess player.

9. When the boy was left to himself he took the toys and began to play.

10. Though he was annoyed by his failure, he continued to work hard.