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Government to Rescue IT?

Internet and computer growth in Russia has been the envy of every European and North American country during the past few years. But growth in all IT areas is expected to slow by a considerable amount. Cell-phone growth in Moscow and St. Petersburg is limited to subscribers exchanging models, while subscriber growth is limited to the regions. Mobile communication companies had hoped that 3G technology would prove to be a boom, but the lack of equipment capable of handing such a technology is holding back development.

"Informatization" of the country means simply buying more computers and increasing. Internet usage has nearly reached the limit that current technological equipment can provide. There is not enough money to increase capacity. The largest computer and Internet service providers in Russia will reach yearly turnover of $500 million, which is far too small of a sum to begin improving communication structures on their own.

Moreover, Russian IT faces another problem: Most of the people who need computers live in cities of one million or more, and those people have already bought them. The majority who live outside of "wired" urban areas have absolutely no reason to buy a computer.

The government, did launch the Electronic Russian program, which was designed to create an electronic government that would increase interaction between citizens and their elected leaders. Different ministries and political organs could not agree on how to implement the program, and it came to nothing. The government has developed a new plan. This time a single ministry will be responsible for "informatization," and its decisions will be carried out by all government organs. The IT created office will have to have not only the necessary resources but also a fair share of political leverage. If this is not done, then Russia will have to wait many years for IT businesses to become large enough to put pressure on the government to "informatize."

The most popular Internet service is e-mail. Most of the people, who have access to the Internet, use the network only for sending and receiving e-mail messages. However, other popular services are available on the Internet: reading USENET News, using the World-Wide Web, telnet, FTP, and Gopher. In many developing countries the Internet may provide businessmen with a reliable alternative to the expensive and unreliable telecommunications systems of these countries. Commercial users can communicate over the Internet with the rest of the world and can do it very cheaply. When they send e-mail messages, they only have to pay for phone calls to their local service providers, not for calls across their countries or around the world. But who accually pays for sending e-mail messages over the Internet long distances, around the world? The answer is very simple: user pays his/her service provider a monthly or hourly fee. Part of this fee goes towards its costs to connect to a larger service provider. Part of the fee got by the larger provider goes to cover its cost of running a worldwide network of wires and wireless stations.

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4. Соотнесите следующие ключевые слова с соответствующим переводом:

Internet growth

a considerable amount

a current technological equipment

Increasing Internet usage mobile communication companies

communication structures spreading computers

Internet access

a computer growth

an electronic program

компьютерный рост

электронная программа