Grammar exercises 3 страница

I	expect(s)	him	to come back at five.
He/She	expected	them	to help them.
We		me	to arrive on Monday.
You		you	to win the match.
They		us	to answer the letter at once.

I	considered	him	to be brave.
He/She	believed	you	to be an honest man.
We	thought	us	to be lazy.
You	knew	them	to be about twenty-five.
They	supposed	me	to be a good student.

I	find(s)	it	difficult.
He/She	found	the film	to be easy.
We		the subject	to be funny.
You		the story	to be dull.
They		the flat	to be comfortable.

Вправа 5. Складіть з двох речень одне, використовуючи Complex Object. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

Model: Mary opened the window. I saw it. – I saw Mary open the window.

1. Peter took my pen. I saw it. 2. He ran to the river. I saw it. 3. The girl smiled. I noticed it. 4. The children shouted in the next room. I heard it. 5. She played the violin. My brother heard it. 6. The man tried to open the door. We saw it. 7. They got into a taxi. He saw it. 8. Somebody knocked at the door. We heard it.

Вправа 6. Складіть з наступних речень одне, використовуючи Complex Object. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

A) 1. We watched the dockets as they unloaded the ship. 2. They watched me as I made my bed. 3. Mother saw him as he climbed over the fence. 4. I watched them as they played ice hockey. 5. Nobody noticed her as she went away.

B) 1. We expect that he will come back at 7. 2. They expect that their football team will win the game. 3. She expected that her friend would write her a letter. 4. I expect that you will come in time. 5. He expects that his friends will help him.

C) 1. I think that he is a good engineer. 2. I suppose that he is about forty. 3. I believe that they are at home now. 4. I know that she is very modest. 5. They believe that he is honest.

D) 1. My wish is that you should tell me about it. 2. Her parents' wish is that she should enter a music school. 3. Our wish is that you should go to the forest with us. 4. His father's wish is that he should become an engineer. 5. My wish is that you should stay here.

E) 1. I desire that he should see me off. 2. I desire that she should go shopping. 3. We desire that he should repair our radio set. 4. I desire that he should stop smoking. 5. I desire that they should return tomorrow.

Вправа 7. Вставити "to" де потрібно. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. Make him … speak louder. 2. Help me … carry this bag. 3. My son asked me … let him … go to the theatre. 4. She asked me … read the letter carefully and … write an answer. 5. The man told me not … walk on the grass. 6. Let me … help you with your work. 7. We had better … stop to rest a little. 8. I don’t know what … do. 9. He was seen … leave the house. 10. We heard the siren … sound and saw the ship … sail off. 11. I cannot … go there now, I have some work … do. 12. During the crossing the passengers left the ship … toss. 13. You must make him … practice an hour a day. 14. She was made … repeat the song.

Вправа 8. Знайдіть Complex Object. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. Tell me what you would like me to do. 2. Seeing her enter the room he rose to greet her. 3. Hearing the bell ring he went to see who was at the door. 4. Did you feel the bridge shake? 5. I don’t like you to say such things. 6. Put on a thicker coat, I don’t want you to catch cold. 7. We knew him to be very brave. 8. He asked for a telegram to be sent to his son. 9. We expected the steamer to arrive in Yalta yesterday. 10. We lay in the shade of the tree, waiting for our friends to come.

Вправа 9. Складіть п’ять речень з кожної таблиці.

He	is	reported	to know this language.
She	are	said	to be writing a play.
You	was			to have finished school.
They	were			to have arrived in Kiev.
				to have been teaching for five years.

I	am	expected	to arrive in Kiev tomorrow.
He	is	known	to be very strong.
She	are	believed	to be interested in chemistry.
You	was	considered	to make a present for her.
They	were	supposed	to be a lover of music.

I	am	seen		to cross the street at that place.
He	is	heard	to play volley-ball.
She	are	watched	to burst out laughing.
We	was	noticed	to unlock the door.
You	were			to approach the building.

I	seem(s)	to understand spoken English.
He	appeared	to have recognized me.
She	happened	to be cooking dinner.
We	proved	to know the city very well.
They	chanced	to meet them at the exhibition.

I	am	sure	to come back in time.
He	is	certain	to know French.
We	are	likely	to lose the match.
You	was	unlikely	to solve the problem.
They	were		to get an excellent mark.

Вправа 10. Перефразуйте речення, використовуючи Complex Subject замість Complex Object. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

Model: I saw her read the letter. – She was seen to read the letter.

1. We heard her sing a Russian folk song. 2. I saw him put his coat on. 3. They heard the clock strike nine. 4. We saw the rider disappear in the distance. 5. We saw the plane take off. 6. They expected him lo return in a fortnight. 7. We know her to be a talented actress. 8. Everybody supposed him to be a foreigner. 9. Everybody considered him to be a great man. 10. I expect the telegram to be sent tomorrow.

Вправа 11. Перефразуйте наступні складні речення у просте, викорис-товуючи Complex Subject. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

A) 1. It is said that they work on the farm. 2. It is believed that she knows several foreign languages. 3. It is said that the film is very interesting. 4. It is supposed that he understands Spanish. 5. It is reported that the cosmonauts feel well.

B) 1. It is said that Kate is preparing for her entrance examinations. 2. It is said that they are working in the field. 3. It is reported that the painter is working at a new picture. 4. It is believed that he is writing a historical novel.

C) 1. It is reported that the delegation arrived in Paris on the 10th of September. 2. It is reported that the spaceship has reached the moon. 3. It is believed that this house was built in the 18th century. 4. It is said that she has been teaching mathematics for thirty years.

D) 1. It is expected that he will arrive on Monday. 2. It is supposed that the book will be published next year. 3. It was expected that the film would be shown in May. 4. It was supposed that the weather would be fine in April. 5. It is expected that he will buy a car.

E) 1. It seems that they live in the same house. 2. It seems that he is composing a new symphony. 3. It seems that he knew it long ago. 4. It seems that she is listening. 5. It proved that you were right. 6. It turned out that the text was very difficult.

Вправа 12. Перефразуйте речення згідно з моделлю. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

Mоdel: It is (im) probable that he will come tomorrow. – He is (un) likely to come tomorrow. He will certainly come. – He is sure to come. He will probably come. – He is likely to come.

A) 1. It is probable that it will rain before evening. 2. It is improbable that she will forget her promise. 3. It is probable that the winter will be very cold this year. 4. It is probable that they will be late. 5. It is improbable that this medicine will help him.

B) 1. They will certainly like this film. 2. The doctor will certainly do his best. 3. He will probably forget the address. 4. She will probably catch cold. 4. He will certainly do his duty. 6. The weather will probably change.

Вправа 13. Знайдіть Complex Subject у наступних реченнях. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. He seems to know all about this matter. 2. The question appears to be of great importance to them. 3. The results of the test seemed to have disappointed them. 4. He seemed to want to do it himself. 5. He didn’t appear to be surprised at this news.6. The goods don’t appear to have been packed very carefully. 7. He doesn’t seem to have been discouraged by his failure. 8. She seemed to have been waiting for a long time. 9. He happened to look in that direction and saw a man run out of the house. 10. The plan proved to be a great success. 11. She happens to know him. 12. I happened to leave my office early that day. 13. My friend seems to be having a good time at the seaside. 14. They seem to be waiting for you downstairs. 15. This plant seems to have been producing such equipment since 1996. 16. There seem to be no objections to their proposal. 17. There appear to exist other methods of making this test. 18. There seemed to be many obstacles in their way. 19. There proved to be another solution of the problem. 20. There happened to be a surgeon among them.

Вправа 14. Складіть п’ять речень з кожної таблиці.

It	is	necessary	for	me	to stay here.
	was	important		you	to go there at once.
	will be	dangerous		him	to cross the river here.
		high time		us	to buy it.
		better		them	to take a taxi.

The best thing	is	for	me	to invite them.
	was		him	to see a doctor.
	will be		you	to wait.
	would be		us	to go there by plane.
			them	to go home.

I	wait(s)	for	me	to speak.
He/She	waited		him	to go out.
We	will wait		you	to send an invitation.
You			us	to come back.
They			them	to answer.

Вправа 15. Перефразуйте наступні складні речення у прості, викорис-товуючи Prepositional Infinitive Complex. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. It is necessary that we should start early in the morning. 2. It is necessary that she should come here in time. 3. It is important that he should work systematically. 4. It is necessary that you should air the room twice a day. 5. It is necessary that you should go in for sports.

Вправа 16. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet. 2. To improve your phonetics you should record yourself and analyse your speech. 3. This is the book to be read during the summer holidays. 4. To be instructed by such a good specialist was a great advantage. 5. To play chess was his greatest pleasure. 6. The child did not like to be washed. 7. Isn't it natural that we like to be praised and don't like to be scolded? 8. Which is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents? He is very forgetful, but he doesn't like to be reminded of his duties.

Вправа 17. Знайдіть інфинитивні комплекси у наступних реченнях і встановить їх функцію. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. Then, he seemed to hear a voice. 2. I saw her look at him. 3. What do you want me to do? 4. Jude watched her disappear in the direction of the hotel. 5.She made her brother talk of himself. 6. I never expected you to ask him at all. 7. My father doesn't want us to know each other. 8. He seemed to be looking for words. 9. Her face seemed to have become much more youthful. 10. We saw him enter the station. 11. Mr.Rochester is not likely to return soon. 12. She seemed not to listen to him. 13. Clyde felt himself tremble. 14. I don't like to hear you speak so of Harry. 15. You don't seem to understand how hard it is. 16. We are not likely to remain alone much longer.

V. ДІЄПРИКМЕТНИК

Вправа 1. Складіть п’ять речень з кожної таблиці.

I	approached	the woman	reading a newspaper.
He/She	came up to	the man	sitting on the bench.
We	pointed to	the boys	playing basket-ball.
You	called	the girls	working in the garden.
They		the children	digging potatoes.

The man The woman The boy The girl The student

sitting in the corner standing at the window making the report approaching us crossing the street

is my best friend. lives in our house. is a good swimmer. works at this plant. dances very well.

I	sat	smiling.
He/She	stood	reading a newspaper.
We	approached me	singing.
You	went away	trembling.
They	read the letter	listening to the song.

Entering the room	I	apologized to her.
Opening the door	he/she	decided to tell her the truth.
Seeing her	we	greeted her.
Coming home	you	recognized her at once.
Hearing her voice	they	found nobody there.

When	reading the story	I	heard a knock at the door.
While	playing chess	he/she	used a dictionary.
	preparing the report	we	fell asleep.
	watching television	you	forgot about it.
	translating the text	they	remembered you.

Having	read the book	I	decided to take a short rest.
	written the letter	he/she	went shopping.
	cleaned the room	we	switched on the TV set.
	done it	you	went to the post-office.
	finished it	they	went for a walk.

I	was reading	a book	printed in our town.
He/She	bought	the newspaper	published last month.
We	looked for	an article	received this morning.
You	took	the magazine	written by Professor Brown.
They	used

The agreement The treaty The document The contract

concluded by them signed last year made there

serves the cause of peace. was soon broken. is useful for both sides. has been carried out. was approved by our people.

Вправа 2. Встановити форму дієприкметника. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. The article on agriculture published in this magazine was written by my friend. 2. While examining the cases discharged from the ship, he noticed that some of them were broken. 3. The boy playing in the garden is my sister's son. 4. What do you call a ship built for the transportation of timber? 5. You can get the book recommended by our teacher in the library. 6. He asked her to go on with her story, promising not to interrupt her again. 7. Not receiving any letters from her father, she sent him a telegram. 8. The books lying on the table belong to my son. 9. The textile goods produced by the factory are in great demand. 10. He left the office at three o'clock, saying he would be back at five. 11. The steamship “Clyde”, belonging to Smith & Co., was chartered by “Exportkhleb” for the transportation of wheat sold to a British firm in Liverpool. 12. He stood leaning against the tree. 13. He lay on the sofa reading a newspaper. 14. Seeing her he raised his hat.

Вправа 3. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. Everybody looked at the dancing girl. 2. The little plump woman standing at the window is my grandmother. 3. The man playing the piano is Kate's uncle. 4. Entering the room, she turned on the light. 5. Coming to the theatre, she saw that the performance had already begun. 6. Looking out of the window, he saw his mother watering the flowers. 7. Hearing the sounds of music we stopped talking. 8. She went into the room, leaving the door open.

Вправа 4. Знайдіть дієприкметники, встановіть їх форму і функцію. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. Dressing myself as quickly as I could I went for a walk. 2. She came into the dressing-room to look for things belonging to their father and mother. 3. Mary stood for a time in silence, watching and listening. 4. Still looking at me, she shook her head while I was speaking. 5. I saw a passing shadow on her face. 6. Thousands of students marched through the streets of major Italian cities today. 7. He walked around, saying nothing. 8. I turned back, and going softly across the hall and gently opening the door I looked in. 9. Mary sat still looking at the writing. 10. We sat there talking about our pleasant old Canterbury days. 11. They ran to the steps leading down the water. 12. The doctor sat in his study chair, covering his face with his hands.

Вправа 5. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. My sister likes boiled eggs. 2. We stopped before a shut door. 3. Tied to the tree, the goat could not run away. 4. They saw overturned tables and chairs and pieces of broken glass all over the room. 5. This is a church built many years ago. 6. The books written by Dickens give us a realistic picture of the 19^th century England. 7. She put a plate of fried fish in front of me. 8. The coat bought last year is too small for me now. 9. Nobody saw the things kept in that box.

Вправа 6. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. The boy lay sleeping when the doctor came. 2. The broken arm was examined by the doctor. 3. While being examined, the boy could not help crying. 4. Having prescribed the medicine, the doctor went away. 5. The medicine prescribed by the doctor was bitter. 6. The dress bought at the department store was very beautiful. 7. While using a needle you should be careful not to prick your finger. 8. While crossing the street one should first look to the left and then to the right. 9. People watching a performance are called an audience. 10. Being very ill, she could not go to school. 11. The first rays of the rising sun lit up the top of the hill. 12. The tree struck by lightning was all black and leafless. 13. Being busy, he postponed his trip. 14. The door bolted on the inside could not be opened. 15. Having been shown the wrong direction, the travellers soon lost their way. 16. The room facing the garden is much more comfortable than this one. 17. Having descended the mountain they heard a man calling for help. 18. Flushed and excited, the boy came running to his mother. 19. He stood watching the people who were coming down the street shouting and waving their hands.

Вправа 7. Замінити виділені частини речення дієприкметниковими конструкціями. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. All the people who live in this houseare students. 2. The woman who is speaking now is our secretary. 3. The apparatus that stands on the table in the corner of the laboratory is quite new. 4. The young man who helps the professor in his experiments studies at an evening school for laboratory workers. 5. People who take books from the library must return them in time. 6. There are many students in our group who take part in all kinds of extra-curricular activities.

Вправа 8. Замінити наступні складні речення дієприкметниковими конструкціями. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

A) Model: The boys who live in this house formed a football team. – The boys living in this house formed a football team.

1. Most of the people who work at our factory have received comfortable flats in new houses. 2. Many students who learn English are members of our English club. 3. The man who sells newspapers showed me the way to the post-office. 4. The children who spend their holidays in the country help the farmers with their field work. 5. The woman who teaches English at our school studied in Kiev.

B) Model: The girls who are watering flowers are my friends. – The girls watering flowers are my friends.

1. The man who is making the report is our history teacher. 2. The workers who are repairing the road go home by bus. 3. The girl who is reciting the poem is our teacher's daughter. 4. The boys who are playing hockey live in our house. 5. The women who are working in the field will go to the exhibition.

C) Model: When we arrived in London, we went sightseeing the city. – Arriving in London, we went sightseeing the city.

1. When she heard her name, she turned round. 2. When we saw our teacher, we stopped and waited for her. 3. When he came home, he switched on the TV set. 4. As I entered the hall, I saw my friends dancing round the fir-tree. 5. As I went out of the shop, I met my group mate.

D) Model: When I read this story, I came across many new words. – When reading this story, I came across many new words.

1. When the students discussed this novel, they expressed their thoughts in good literary language. 2. When Jane cooked dinner, she forgot to salt it. 3. When Paul studied at the University, he published several scientific articles. 4. While I was waiting for you, I read this magazine.

E) Model: When she finished her work, she went home. – Having finished her work, she went home.

1. After we had passed our examinations we went to a summer camp. 2. As I had lost my key, I couldn't get in. 3. When Nick had a dictionary, he did not have to go to the reading-hall every day. 4. As we had booked tickets beforehand, we went to the theatre half an hour before the performance began. 5. After they received the telegram, they packed and left for Glasgow.

F) Model: They study at the institute, which was founded 150 years ago. – They study at the institute founded 150 years ago.

1. We live in a house, which was built last year. 2. She received a telegram, which was sent yesterday. 3. I’ve got a TV set, which was made in Minsk. 4. The decisions, which were adopted at the congress, are supported by people. 5. The machines, which are made at out plant, are exported to many countries of the world. 6. The cotton, which is grown here, is of good quality.

Вправа 9. Замінити виділені частини речення дієприкметниковими конструкціями. Перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1.When he arrived at the railway station,hebought a ticket, walked to the platform and boarded the train. 2. As he was promised help,he felt quieter. 3.After he was shown in,he was told to take off his coat and wait for a while. 4. Robinson started the building of the house at onceand finished it before the season of rains set in. 5.He poured out a cup of coffee,sat down in an armchair and looked at the woman who was sitting opposite him.6.When he had left the house and was crossing the street,he suddenly stopped as he remembered that he had forgotten to phone his friend. 7. He looked at me and hesitated: he did not know what to say.8.As he had long lived in those parts and knew the place very well,he easily found his way to the market place. 9. He has no language problems, because he has been studying English for a long time.10.After I had written this exercise,I began to doubt whether it was correct. 11. Take care when you cross the street.12.Students should always be attentive while they are listening to the lecturer.13. There are many students who study music.14. Don't you feel tired after you have walked so much?

Вправа 10. Знайдіть Participial Constructions та перекладіть речення на рідну мову.

1. In the afternoon, with the wind from the south, the big canoes had come drifting across the waters. 2. The concert over, the lottery came next. 3. Dinner being over, Bathsheba, for want of a better companion, had asked Liddy to come and sit with her. 4. Now he sat down in an armchair opposite Charlie, sat bolt upright, with his hands on his knees, and looked hard at Charlie. 5. Abraham too looked well, his cheeks filled out, his eyes cheerful. 6. Then, with her heart beating fast, she went up and rang the bell. 7. She sat on the steps, with her bare arms crossed upon her knees. 8. Mr.Pickwick's mouth and chin having been hastily enveloped in a large shawl, his hat having been put on his head and his great coat thrown over his arm, he replied in the affirmative. 9. With the watch in her hand she lifted her head and looked directly at him, her eyes calm and empty as two holes. 10. With Lowell closely watching, he slowly removed a paper and spread it carefully on his desk. 11. The door of the opposite parlour being then opened, I heard some voices. 12. Catherine looked at me all the time, her eyes happy. 13. I admired her, with love dead as a stone. 14. They lived the life of normal suburban children, school and holidays passing in a gentle rhythm. 15. The first bustle of installation over, time hung heavy on his hands. 16. The child lay on the bed, its eyes shut, flushed and sweating, breathing in short whistling gasps. 16. Now this Miss Barbary was extremely close ... for a female, females being generally rather given to conversation.