Exercise 10

Which explanation is correct, A or B?

1. Stephanie loved her beautiful daughter’s sports car.

1. Stephanie’s daughter was beautiful.
2. The car belonging to Stephanie’s daughter was beautiful.

1. there’s a new doctor’s surgery on the corner of Greenford Street.

1. The doctor has recently qualified.
2. The surgery has recently opened.

1. She inherited a wonderful wooden doll’s house.

1. The doll is made of wood.
2. The house is made of wood.

1. The company manufactures low-cost nurses’ uniforms.

1. The nurses earn low wages.
2. The uniforms aren’t expensive.

1. Gary didn’t think much of his new boss’s management techniques.

1. Gary has a new boss.
2. Gary’s boss has some new management techniques.

1. Bill and Suzy found hiring a well-educated children’s nanny was worth every penny.

1. Their nanny was well-educated.
2. Their children were well-educated.

1. I managed to find a place in the 24-hour supermarket’s parking lot.

1. The supermarket is open 24 hours.
2. The parking lot is open 24 hours.

1. Dave was often embarrassed by his aggressive flatmate’s comments.

1. Dave’s flatmate was aggressive.
2. His flatmate’s comments were aggressive.

1. My uncle is restoring a redundant tax-inspector’s office in Newcastle.

1. Some tax inspectors have been made redundant in Newcastle.
2. The office in Newcastle is no longer required by the tax inspectors.

1. Who’s going to look after our sick neighbour’s puppy?

1. Our neighbour is sick.
2. Our neighbour’s puppy is sick.

Revision

Exercise 11

Use compound nouns to complete the sentences. The compound nouns you need can be formed by combining words from each of the boxes below. Then rewrite these sentences using appropriate possessive forms to replace the phrases in brackets. In two sentences the phrase in brackets does not need to be changed.

land down horse news bank…..traffic data out rail filing wind five-minute walking

jam fit cabinet robber stick turn agent surfer racing walk lord ways bases

0 The only thing missing from (the office belonging to my boss) is a ………. .

The only thing missing from my boss’s is a filing cabinet.

1. Could you pop down to the ……. and pick up (the evening paper that Charles orders).
2. That silver-topped………belongs to (one of the friends that I have).
3. The (private beach of the hotel) is only a ……… from here.
4. The (privatization organized by the government) of the …….is going ahead next year.
5. The …….wouldn’t allow (the girlfriend of his tenant) to move in.
6. (The pension fund of my father) has been badly affected by the ……. in the value of blue-chip stocks.
7. Clare bought a beautiful new …….for (the wedding of the sister of her brother-in-law).
8. The ….. managed to ignore (the screams of the crowd) lining the beach.
9. Whenever we are over at (the house belonging to Dad) we seem to spend the entire time watching ……. on the television.
10. The ………refused to accept (the jurisdiction of the legal system) over him.
11. (The firm my wife works for) specializes in setting up ……..for insurance companies.
12. The…….. was caused by the volume of cars setting out for the south coast at (the start of the bank holiday).

2 The Infinitive / -ing form / Participles

The to-infinitive is used

• to express purposeShe lied to avoidbeing punished.

• after certain verbs (agree, appear, decide, expect, hope, plan, promise, refuse etc) He promised to
be back at 11.00.

• after certain adjectives (difficult, glad, happy, obliged, sorry, unable etc) He was happy to hear he
had been promoted.

• after "I would like/would love/would prefer" to express specific preference. I'd prefer to stay in tonight.

• after certain nouns.It's myprivilege to presentthe winner of the competition.

• after "too/enough" constructions.It'stoo late to gonow. She's experienced enough to beappointed Sales Manager. He's got enough patience to copewith children.

• after: be + the first/second etc/next/last/best etc. You'll bethe first to break the news.

• with: it + be + adjective (+of + noun/pronoun) It was rude of him to speak like that.

• with: so + adjective+ asWould you be so kind as to helpme with the washing?

• with "only" expressing an unsatisfactory result.She went there only to findthe meeting had been called off.

• in the expression: for + noun/pronoun + to-inf. For Mary to behave like that was very unusual.

• in the expressions: to tell you the truth, to begin with, to be honest, to start with, to sum up etc. To begin with, I'd like to introduce our new manager Mr Jones.

• Note that if two infinitives are joined by "and" or "or", the "to" of the second infinitive can be omitted.I'd like to go to an island and swim and sunbatheall day long during my holidays.

• Dare expressing lack of courage is used with an infinitive with or without to. / don't dare (to) tellhim the truth. Dare expressing anger, threat or warning is used with an infinitive without to. Don't you dare come back late. Dare expressing challenge is used with a to-infinitive. / dare you to jump over the fence.

The infinitive without to is used

• after modal verbs (can. may, wilt, would etc) You may use the phone.

• after had better/ would rather/ would sooner. I'd rather have an early night.

• after feel/hear/let make see in the active. Will youletme play in the garden?

But: be heard/be made be seen, all take a to-inf. She was made to work overtime.

• "Let" turns into "was/were allowed to" in the passive. He wasn't allowed to play in the garden.

The -ing form is used

as a noun. Collecting stamps is his favourite hobby.

after prepositions.He left without beingseen.