Past Simple (прошедшее простое время).
| Сигнальные слова | |
| Глаголы в форме Past Simple представляют действие как факт и употребляются для выражения обычных, повторявшихся, регулярных действий в прошлом. | yesterday ...ago last (year, week, Sunday, ...) |
| Запомните! По способу образования прошедшего времени все глаголы в английском языке делятся на правильные и неправильные. Правильные глаголы образуют простое прошедшее время путём прибавления окончания -ed. Неправильные глаголы меняют свою форму. Их надо запоминать. |
| Утвердительные предложения | Отрицательные предложения | Вопросительные предложения |
| I worked (went) Не worked (went) She worked (went) It worked (went) We worked (went) You worked (went) They worked (went) | I didn't work (go) He didn't work (go) She didn't work (go) It didn't work (go) We didn't work (go) You didn't work (go) They didn't work (go) | Did I work (go)? Did he work (go)? Did she work (go)? Did it work (go)? Did we work (go)? Did you work (go)? Did they work (go)? |
Упр. 47. Образуйте форму Past Simple следующих глаголов и произнесите их.
tо live, to work, to turn, to love, to discuss, to decide, to study, to wait, to play, to want, to finish, to help, to talk, to tike, to dance, to ask, to listen, to marry, to believe, to change, to translate, to answer.
Упр. 48. Сопоставьте соответствующие друг другу первую и вторую формы неправильных глаголов.
| see find buy think teach be read write give take have go come get make feel send tell bring hear | thought came was got told brought saw felt made taught found read heard wrote sent took had bought went gave |
Упр. 49. Перепишите следующий текст в прошедшем времени.
On Tuesday I get up at half past six. I go to the bathroom and wash my hands and face and clean my teeth. Then I dress, go to the kitchen and cook breakfast for my family. At half past seven my son gets up and has breakfast. I have breakfast with my son. My son eats a sandwich and drinks a cup of tea. I don't drink tea, I drink coffee. After breakfast my son leaves home for school. I don't leave home with my son. On Tuesday I don't work in the morning. I work in the afternoon. In the evening I am at home. My husband and my son are at home too. We rest in the evening. My son watches TV, my husband reads newspapers and 1 do some work about the house. At about eleven o'clock we go to bed.
Упр. 50. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную формы.
1. I began to study English two years ago. 2. They had dinner at home yesterday. 3. My mother read many books in her childhood. 4. We saw this film last week. 5. They loved each other many years ago. 6. She left her native town last year. 7. I entered school at the age of seven. 8. He met his friend yesterday. 9. The boys played football in the yard. 10. My friend bought this book last week.
Упр. 51. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Simple, Past Simple или Present Continuous.
1. Where they (to spend) last month? 2. You (to go) shopping every day? — No, I (to go) shopping three times a week. 3. You (to be) at the theatre yesterday. You (to like) the opera? — Oh, yes, I (to enjoy) it greatly. 4. Look! Kate (to help) her mother about the house. 5. He (not to clean) his room yesterday. He (to be) tired. 6. She (to go) to the south a week ago. 7. Max (not to be) here. He (to wash) his car. He (to wash) it every weekend. 8. Where your farther (to work) last year? 9. My brother (to go) to work every day. He (to leave) home at half past eight. He (to walk) to his office, he (not to take) a bus. Yesterday he (not to go) to work. Yesterday he (to get) up at nine o'clock. 10. Her son (not to do) his lessons now, he (to watch) TV.
Упр. 52. Переведите на английский язык.
1. Что ты купила вчера в магазине? — Я купила новое платье. 2. Что они делали в воскресенье? — Они ходили на прогулку. 3. Когда твой друг вернулся домой? — Вчера он вернулся в семь часов. 4. Когда ты играл в теннис последний раз? — Я играл в теннис прошлым летом. 5. Его дочь окончила школу два года тому назад. 6. Когда вы вчера легли спать? — Я почитал книгу и лёг спать в 11 часов. 7. В прошлом году мы не изучали французский язык. Мы изучали английский. 8. Вчера погода была хорошая, и мы с друзьями пошли в парк.
3. Present Perfect (настоящее завершённое время).
| Употребление | Сигнальные слова |
| Глаголы в форме Present Perfect обозначают действие, предшествовавшее моменту речи в настоящем и связанное с этим моментом в виде какого-то результата или в виде указания периода времени, который еще не закончился. | 1. нет указания на время. 2. just, already, ever, never, lately, yet, since. 3. today, this week (month, year). |
| Утвердительные предложения | Отрицательные предложения | Вопросительные предложения |
| I have worked (gone) He has worked (gone) She has worked (gone) It has worked (gone) We have worked (gone) You have worked (gone) They have worked (gone) | I have not worked (gone) He has not worked (gone) She has not worked (gone) It has not worked (gone) We have not worked (gone) You have not worked (gone) They have not worked (gone) | Have I worked (gone)? Has he worked (gone)? Has she worked (gone)? Has it worked (gone)? Have we worked (gone)? Have you worked (gone)? Have they worked (gone)? |
Упр. 53 Назовите три формы следующих неправильных глаголов.
tо be, to become, to begin, to bring, to buy, to come, to do, to drink, to eat, to fall, to feel, to forget, to give, to go, to hear, to know, to leave, to make, to meet, to read, to see, to send, to show, to sit, to sleep, to stand, to take, to teach, to think, to write.
Упр. 54. Постройте предложения по образцам, используя слова, данные в скобках.
I have seen him today.
(to meet her — lately, to go to the cinema — this week, to go to the country — this month, to read many English books — this year, to speak to him —- today)
I haven't seen him since 1999.
(to speak to my friend — last month, to go to the theatre — last year, to hear from them — last spring, to read English books — May, to translate from Russian into English — I left school)
Have you ever been to London? No, I have never been to London.
(to New York, Paris, Berlin, Washington, Tokyo, Novosibirsk, Kiev)
Who has taken my book?
(to break the glass, to leave a bag, to turn off the light, to switch on TV, to take my pencil)
What have you brought?
(to lose, to find, to leave, to do, to prepare, to send, to read, to translate)
Упр. 55. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Perfect или Past Simple.
1. We just (to come) home but our children (to come) home an hour ago. 2. Jane (not to be) to the cinema this week. 3. They (to live) in France since 1990. 4. He (to stop) smoking some years ago. 5. You (to write) a letter to your friend today? 6. You (to send) him a telegram last week? 7. She just (to go) out. 8. She (to leave) the room a moment ago. 9. I never (to speak) to him. 10. You (to buy) the tickets? —- Yes, I (to buy) them several days ago. 11. Is Father at home? — No, he (not to come) yet. 12. You ever (to be) to St. Petersburg? — Yes, I (to go) there last winter. 13. He already (to do) the translation? He only (to begin) it 20 minutes ago. 14. They (to read) "Ivanhoe" by Walter Scott a month ago. What about you? You (to read) "Ivanhoe?
Упр. 56. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глаголы в форме Present Perfect или Past Simple.
I. Сегодня я отправила две телеграммы. 2. Она была во Франции? — Нет, она никогда не была в этой стране. 3. Мой друг вчера вернулся домой в семь часов. 4. Вы уже видели этот фильм? — Да, я видел его на прошлой неделе. 5. Моя подруга звонила мне сегодня? — Нет, она ещё не звонила. 6. Ты уже прочитал эту книгу? — Да, я прочитал её неделю назад. 7. Я работаю здесь с сентября. 8. Анна получила новую квартиру. — Ты видел её? — Да. Я был там на прошлой неделе.