Common mistakes in English.

Лекції № 7, 8.

Language & Communication.

План лекцій.

1. Common mistakes in English.

2. Differences between the American and the British English.

3. Vocabulary differences between the British and the American English.

4. Some rules of the communication.

5. Academic projects in English (the xerocopy).

Література.

1. http://www.teachervision.fen.com/research-papers/teaching-methods/1767.html

2. http://www.ukstudentlife.com/English/Study/Mistakes.htm

3. http://esl.about.com/od/toeflieltscambridge/a/dif_ambrit.htm

4. http://www.uta.fi/FAST/US1/REF/usgbdiff.html

5. http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/british-american.htm

6. http://www.english-at-home.com/vocabulary/american-and-british-vocabulary/

7. Ларина Т.В. Англичане и русские: Язык, культура, коммуникация. – М.: Языки славянских культур, 2013. – 360 с.

8. Мортон Г. Англия и Уэльс. Прогулки по Британии. – М.: ЭКСМО, 2009. – 736 с.

9. Злобин Н.В. Америка. Живут же люди! – М.: ЭКСМО, 2012. – 416 с.

10. Тер-Минасова С.Г. Язык и межкультурная коммуникация. – М.: Изд-во МГУ, 2008. – 352 с.

11. Барский Л. Анатомия английского юмора. – М.: Книжный дом «ЛИБРОКОМ», 2012. – 256 с.

12. Виссон Л. Русские проблемы в английской речи. Слова и фразы в контексте двух культур. – М.: Р.Валент, 2003.

13. Кузьменковы Ю. и А. Английский язык для межкультурного общения. – М.: Изд-во МГУ, 2013. – 276 с.

14. Кузьменкова Ю. Презентация научных проектов на английском языке. – М.: Изд-во МГУ, 2011. – 132 с.

15. Ларина Т.В. Категория вежливости и стиль коммуникации: сопоставление английской и русской лингвокультурных традиций. – М.: Рукописные памятники Древней Руси, 2009. – 200 с.

16. Швейцер А.Д. Литературный английский язык в США и Англии. – М.: ЛКИ, 2008. – 200 с.

17. American English for everyday and academic use. – М.: Наука, 2005. – 330 с.

Завдання до семінарського заняття № 6.

1. What are the peculiarities characterizing the Russian style of communication? In what way is it different from that accepted in the English speaking world? What tendencies in the English society influence communicative behavior? What is the role of distancing in communication?

Common mistakes in English.

Here are just a few examples of common mistakes made by students of English as a foreign language in the UK:

One and a half.
- Wrong: "I've been in Scotland for one and a half month" (or "one month half")
- Right: "I've been in Scotland for one and a half months"
One and a half is more than one, so the noun ("month") must be plural ("months"). It is better not to split numbers: "one and a half months", not "one month and a half".
The UK.
- Wrong: "I like UK very much"
- Right: "I like the UK very much"
"UK" is short for "United Kingdom"; "kingdom" is a noun, so it needs an article (eg: "a" or "the") - there is only one United Kingdom, so it must be "the United Kingdom".
Almost all.
- Wrong: "Almost of the people in my class are Japanese"
- Right: "Almost all of the people in my class are Japanese" or "Nearly all of the people in my class are Japanese" or "Almost everybody in my class is Japanese"
The sentence "Most of the people in my class are Japanese" is correct. But when you want to stress that there are very few people from other countries in your class, you must say "Almost all of the people in my class are Japanese".
English.
- Wrong: Saying that someone from Wales, Scotland or Ireland is "English"
- Right: You can call someone from Wales "Welsh" or "British". You can call someone from Scotland "Scottish" or "British". You can call someone from Ireland "Irish" (or "Northern Irish" if the person is from Northern Ireland)
You need to know something about the history of the United Kingdom to understand why this mistake annoys people.

Scary.
You are frightened about something.
- Wrong: "I'm scary"
- Right: "I'm scared"
If you say "I'm scary" it means that you make other people afraid of you (like a monster or a ghost).
Agreeing with negative statements.
Your friend says: "I don't like my teacher"
- Wrong reply: "Me too"
- Right reply: "Me neither" (or "I don't like mine either")
If a person makes a negative statement - where the main verb is made negative using "not" - and you agree with what has been said, you should say "Me neither".
Your friend says: "I dislike my teacher"
- Wrong reply: "Me neither"
- Right reply: "Me too" (or "I dislike mine too")
Even though the statement in this second example expresses the same idea as in the first example, the main verb has not been made negative using "not".
Answering negative questions.
You don't like your teacher. Your friend asks you: "Don't you like your teacher?"
- Wrong reply: "Yes"
- Right reply: "No" or "No, I don't"
If someone asks you a question in which the main verb has been made negative using "not", you should answer "no" if you agree with the statement form of the question (in this case the statement form of the question is "You do not like your teacher"). To avoid any possible misunderstanding, it is better to repeat the negative verb or to answer using a full sentence ("No, I don't" or "No, I don't like my teacher")
You don't like your teacher. Your friend asks you: "You don't like your teacher, do you?"
- Wrong reply: "Yes"
- Right reply: "No" or "No, I don't"
The main verb is still "do not like". The "do you?" at the end is just a way of turning the statement "You don't like your teacher" into a question.
You like your teacher. Your friend asks you: "Don't you like your teacher?"
- Wrong reply: "No", or just "Yes"
- Right reply: "Yes - I like her"
The person asking a negative question is expecting you to agree by saying "no", so if you want to disagree (because you like your teacher) you need to stress your answer. In this case it is done by stressing the word "yes", and to make your meaning clear you should say a full sentence.
You like your teacher. Your friend asks you: "You don't like your teacher, do you?"
- Wrong reply: "No", or just "Yes"
- Right reply: "Oh yes I do"
"Oh yes I do" is a way of disagreeing with a question that ends "do you?" (similarly, if someone says, "You aren't hungry, are you?" and you feel hungry, you can answer "Oh yes I am").
One word or two?
Some words are made by combining two short words which each have only one sound (monosyllables). It is a common mistake to write these using two words instead of as one.
- Wrong: bed room, bath room, good night, on line
- Right: bedroom, bathroom, goodnight, online
Very.
You cannot use "very" together with an adjective which already has the idea of being "very" something. Examples of these kinds of adjectives are: "delicious" means "very tasty", enormous means "very big", "lovely" means "very nice", "great" means "very good".
- Wrong: "British food is very delicious"
- Right: "British food is delicious"
Next.
Explaining dates in the future, for example when arranging to meet someone, can be confusing. For example, if today is Monday and you say you will meet someone "next Friday" what does it mean? It would be clearer to say "this Friday" or "Friday this week" for the nearer date, or "Friday next week" or "the Friday after next" for the later date. British people find it confusing too - so don't worry about asking them to make it clear what they mean. Another common mistake is:
- Wrong: "I'll see you next next week"
- Right: "I'll see you the week after next"