Exercise 2. A few explanations to the text

29.1. ...the first joints of the fingers –первыми фалангами пальцев

30.2. …for a vast number of purposes. –Для многих целей

31.3.... and they can be easier machined –и их легче обработать

32.

33.Exercise 3. Vocabulary. Learn by heart the following words and expressions.

34.Consider — v рассматривать, обсуждать; обдумывать

35.cross-section- поперечное сечение, поперечный разрез, профиль

36.derive (from) — v получать; извлекать; происходить

37.froth — пена; v пениться

38.handle - v брать руками, держать в руках

39.impermeability — « непроницаемость; герметичность

40.kiln - п печь для обжига

41.mortar - п раствор

42.plywood - фанера

43.resist — rv сопротивляться

44.sawdust — п опилки

45.span — п промежуток времени, период времени

46.subject - v (to) подвергать; подчинять

47.tensile — adjрастяжимый

48.veneer — п шпон, фанера

49.

Exercise 4.

51.1.Point out the most important facts from this text.

52.2.Make up dialogues with your friend about using building materials

53.

Exercise 5. Learn to recognize international words. Give Russian equivalents to the following words without a dictionary

55.industry, information, progress, brilliant, metal, fact,

СТРАДАТЕЛЬНЫЙ ЗАЛОГ С МОДАЛЬНЫМИ ГЛАГОЛАМИ

Грамматика: пассивный залог (продолжение)

Choose the correct modal verb;

Можно перевести / (must, may, can) be translated

Нельзя решить / (must not, cannot, may not) be solved

Нужно получить / (must, may, can) be obtained

Нельзя сделать / (must not, cannot) be done

Можно разложить / (must, can, cannot) be decomposed

Нужно применить / (must, can, cannot) be applied

Ex. 1. Choose and insert the correct forms:

a) (are carried on, is being earned on, has been carried on)

1. Such experiments ... every day. 2. The experiment ...and the results arevery good. 3. Don't enter the laboratory, a dangerous experiment....

b) (is added, has been added, is being added)

1. In this reaction this substance ... always.... 2. The liquid is bluish because a drop of ink.... 3. What are you doing? What substance... now?

c) (is raised, was being raised, has been raised)

1. Look, the reaction has become quicker because the temperature ... 2. Every time when the temperature ... the reaction becomes quicker. 3. He couldn't finish the experiment at that moment because the temperature ....

Ex. 2. Choose the correct modal verbs:

Должно быть обеспечено / (should, can) be provided

должна привести к... / (may, must) yield

нельзя получить / (may, can) not obtain

может быть получен / (may, must) be obtained

можно определить / (should, may) be determined

Ex. 3. Choose the correct forms:

1. The rate of the reaction was very slow because these two gases (are being mixed, had been mixed, have been mixed) before the temperature was raised. 2. You can't begin the experiment, the liquids (are being mixed, had been mixed, have been mixed), and this process will take some 20 minutes more. 3. Everything is ready. The two substances (are mixed, have been mixed, were mixed) just. You may begin your experiment. 4. If these two gases (are mixed, have been mixed, were being mixed) at high temperatures, a great amount of this chemical substance is produced. 5. The student had entered the laboratory before the experiment began. He felt some smell because two gases (have been mixed, were mixed, were being mixed) at that moment. 6. Listen! A very important question (was discussed, is being discussed, was being discussed)! 7. This question (was discussed, is being discussed, was being discussed) yesterday when I tame to the meeting. 8. Do you know when this question (was discussed, is being discussed, was being discussed)? - It (was discussed, is being discussed, was being discussed) a month ago.

Ex. 4. Translate the following:

1. The discovery of this substance is much spoken about. 2. His lectures are always listened to with great attention. 3. This requirement will be much spoken about. 4. This problem was paid much attention to. 5. Why is she being looked at now? 6. He is always laughed at. 7. They are being waited for. 8. What is it made of? 9. The lecture will be followed by a concert.

Unit12

THE CHOICE OF MATERIAL

Before-Reading

1. Discuss the following:

• What types of material do you know?

• What kind of material is used in Russia?

2. Try to guess the meaning of the following words. Use the dictionary if you need:

• ordinary brick

• mechanical properties

• mass production

• reinforced concrete elements

• volume weight