Вам следовало бы работать серьезнее

Сравните:

You should do it. —Вам следовало бы сделать

Это (теперь)

You should have done it. — Вам следовало бы

Сделать это (раньше)

You should not do it. — Вам не следовало бы

Делать этого (теперь)

You should not have done it. — Вам не следо­вало бы делать этого (раньше)

Обратите внимание:

You should have done it. — следовало

Сделать (а вы не сделали)

You should not have done it. — не следовало

Делать (а вы сделали)

Упр. 517. Дайте совет, используя модальный глагол should и слова, данные в скобках.

E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.

The boy is a little pale, (to play out-of-doors) 2. I am afraid you will miss that train, (to take a taxi) 3. There is no one in. (to try the room next door) 4. I have a slight irritation in my throat, (to smoke less) 5. TKs child doesn't want to eat soup, (not to give her sweets before dinner) 6. She makes a lot of spelling mistakes, (to copy passages out of a book) 7. The dog is afraid of him. (not to shout at the dog) 8. The students are unable to follow what I am saying, (not to speak so fast)

Упр. 518. Скажите автору нижеследующих предложений, что надо (не надо) было делать.

E.g. I) I bought that book spending a lot of money.

You should not have bought the book. 2) I did not buy that book.

You should have bought the book.

1. So I took the child to the cinema. 2. We forgot to leave a message for her. 3. We did not wait for them because it was beginning to rain. 4. I did not put down her address and now I don't know how to find her. 5. I did not explain to her how to get here. 6. I bought a pair of red shoes to go with my new dress. 7. So I told her frankl> what we all thought about her idea. 8. 1 have no_t seen the film, and now it is too late because it ifc no longer on. 9. My pen was leaking, so 1 wrote with a pencil. 10, Tarn afraid 1 ate too much cakf with my tea. >

Упр. 519. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальный глагол should в сочета­нии с требующейся формой инфинитива (Indefinite Infinitive — Perfect Infinitive).

A 1. Вы бы сказали ей об этом. 2. Не следует вам так поздно там оставаться. 3. Ей надо сей­час же пойти к врачу. 4. Лучше наденьте шер­стяные носки. 5. Им лучше начать пораньше. 6. Не следует говорить с ней по-английски. 7. Вамчнужно повернуть направо. 8. Лучше ска­жите кому-нибудь об этом. В. 1. Надо было сказать ей об этом. 2. Не надо было оставаться там так поздно. 3. Ей надо было сейчас же пойти к врачу. 4. Вам надо было на­деть шерстяные носки. 5. Им надо было начать пораньше. 6. Не следовало говорить с ней по-английски. 7. Надо было повернуть направо. 8. Надо было кому-нибудь сказать об этом.

Упр. 520. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя модальный глагол should в сочета­нии с требующейся формой инфинитива (Indefinite Infinitive — Perfect Infinitive).

1. Вам следует работать больше. 2. Ей следует слушать советы учителя. 3. Вам следовало бы извиниться: вы не правы. 4. Вам не следует про­пускать уроки английского языка. 5. Дети дол­жны быть более внимательны к своим родите­лям. 6. Ему следует обратиться к врачу. 7. Ему следовало давно обратиться к врачу. 8. Вы не должны давать ребенку столько конфет. 9. Ему следует прочитать эту книгу. 10. Ему следовало уже прочитать эту книгу. 11. Вам следует пойти туда и поговорить с ними 12. Вам следовало сходить туда (раньше) и поговорить с ними. 3. Он не должен был так грубо разговаривать. 14. Он не должен был забывать о моей просьбе. 15. Ей давно бы следовало вернуться. 16. Тебе не следует ходить туда. 17. Вам надо было про­читать эту книгу в прошлом году. 18. Вам бы следовало поговорить с вашим дядей, когда он приедет. 19. Ей не надо было носить такие тяже­лые вещи. 20. Ему следовало помнить об этом. 21. Вы должны были попросить разрешения. 22. Вы не должны были беспокоиться.

Сравните:

You needn't have done it. — могли и не делать (это было не обязательно) You shouldn't have done it. — не следовало делать (плохо, что вы это сделали)

Упр. 521. Прокомментируйте следующие дей­ствия, употребляя модальные глаголы should, shouldn't или needn't.

E.g. 1) A boy was impolite to a girl and did not apologize. You should have apologized to the girl.

A pupil did all the exercises in writing even those which were meant for oral practice.

You needn't have done all the exercises in writing.

Your aunt is running a temperature. You should consult the doctor.

What will you say to the person who:

Bought bread which was not necessary? 2) was not present at the meeting? 3) sent a telegram which was quite unnecessary? 4) went out without his coat and caught cold? 5) apologized for asking you a question?

6) didn't attend a very important lecture? 7) got up at six o'clock on Sunday morning, which was not at all necessary? " 8) read till two o'clock in¹ the morning? 9) copied the whole text into his exercise-book?

10) watered the garden, and it is raining now? 11) hasn't returned the books to the library? [12) crossed the street under the red light? 13) doesn't cross the street when the lights are green? [ 14) doesn't want to cross the street by the subway? 15) doesn't take off his hat when entering a room? 16) did not help his classmate to clean the class­room? 117) has a splitting headache?

Сравните:

You should have done it. — следовало сделать (а вы не сделали) You must have done it. — должно быть, сделали

Упр. 522. Вставьте модальные глаголы should ила must.

a) You ... have studied the material thorough­ly. I see you have made no mistakes in the test-paper.

b) You ... have studied the material thorough­ly. Then you would not have made so many mistakes.

A) She ... have followed the doctor's advice. She would have recovered by now. b) She ... have followed the doctor's advice. She looks very fine. 3. a) You ... have ignored the instructions of your sports coach. That's why you lost the game. b) You ... have followed the instructions of your sports coach. Then you would have won the

game. 4. a) She ... have forgotten to take her medicine, b) She ... have remembered to take her medi­cine. 5. a) I ... have got on the wrong bus. I cannot recognize the places we are passing, b) I ... have looked carefully at the number of the bus. Now I must change buses, and I am afraid I shall be late.

Сравните:
I should have I had to do it.	done it. — следовало сделать (а я не сделал) — пришлось сделать (сделал)

Упр. 523. Вставьте модальные глаголы should или had to. Раскройте скобки, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. I ... (to write) this composition yesterday, but I was too busy as I ... (to translate) a very long text from English. 2. I ... not (to take) my little brother to the evening performance, he was so excited; but I really ... (to do) so, for there was nobody at home to leave him with. 3. You ... (to see) our team play! You have missed a lot. You ... (to go) to the stadium. 4. It was a very important meeting and we ... (to attend) it. That's why we returned home late. 5. He ... (to attend) the lesson: the material which the teacher ex­plained was very difficult, and now it will be impossible for him to write the test-paper well. 6. Although he felt unwell, he ... (to attend) the lesson, because the teacher explained some very difficult material.

Упр. 524. Вставьте модальные глаголы should иди had to. Раскроите скобки, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. Не was out when we came, and we ... (to wait) for over an hour. 2. It was raining hard. We ... (to wear) our raincoats. 3. I ... (to take) a taxi, otherwise I should have missed the train. 4. You walked all the way here carrying this heavy suit­case. You ... (to take) a taxi. 5. They won't be able to buy anything but lemonade on the train. You ... (to give) them some sandwiches at least. 6. Mother was coming to dinner, so I ... (to bake) her favour­ite cake. 7. You knew I was bringing people to dinner. You ... (to bake) a cake. 8. She is quite an authority. You ... (to ask) her. 9. I could not stand that noise any longer. I ... (to go) out and (to tell) them to stop. 10. How can you work in this noise? You ... (to tell) the children to stop.

	Сравните:
	I needn't have	done it. —	можно было не
	делать (а я сделал) I didn't have to do it. — можно было не
		делать	(я и	не делал)

Упр. 525. В следующих предложениях часть текста написана по-русски. Напишите предло­жения полностью по-английски, употребляя модальные глаголы need или to have to.

1. а) Можно было не покупать сахар, and I didn’t go to the shop. b) Why did you go to the shop? Можно было и не покупать сахар: we have enough of it. 2. а) Мы могли не тревожиться за нее, as we knew that she was taken very good care of. b) He надо было тревожиться за нас: you see that everything is O.K. 3. а) Можно было и не ходить туда, you have wasted your time. They have phoned us and given us all the instructions, b) Можно было не ходить туда, and we re­mained at home. 4. а) Мне не надо было идти в библиотеку, as I had all the books I needed, b) Незачем было ходить в библиотеку: you have only wasted your time. Don't you know that I shall give you all the necessary books? 5. а) Вы могли и не ездить в центр: you could have bought everything you needed in the local shops. b) Я мог не ездить в центр, as a very good department store had recently opened in our parts, so I went there and bought everything I needed. 6. а) Вы могли и не проверять правописание: the computer can do all the correcting, b) Я мог не проверять правописание: the com­puter did all the correcting, so it did not take me long to complete my work. 7. а) Я мог не звонить ему, so I went to bed at once. b) It turned out that я мог и не звонить ему, as he knew everything from his sister.

Упр. 526. Вставьте модальные глаголы should, need или to have to. Раскройте скобки, употреб­ляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. You ... not (to go) out in this rain; as it is you have a cold in your head. 2. It was Sunday, and we ... not (to go) to school. 3. Everything is all right. You see that you ... not (to worry). 4. You are out of breath. You ... not (to run): you know how bad it is for you. 5. You ... not (to tell) her about it. Now she is sure not to sleep the whole night wor­rying. 6. You ... not (to go) with her: she knows the way perfectly well. 7. You ... not (to put) so much pepper in the meat. No one will be able to eat it. 8. You ... not (to give) them any lunch. They can get coffee and sandwiches on the train.