Замените в предложениях действительный залог на страдательный

1. They are building a new concert-hall in our street. 2. The professor is examining our group. 3. The tourists were taking pictures of the Westminster Abbey, while the guide was telling the story. 4. The students are writing a test now. 5. Was he deleting your files when I saw him? 6. What scientist are you talking about? 7. At this moment she is showing our house to the new clients.
8. We were looking at the man with great surprise.

2. Поставьте глагол из скобок в правильную форму: Continuous Active или Continuous Passive.

1. Listen! The teacher (explain) a new rule.

2. What you (do) the whole evening yesterday? – I (prepare) for the seminar on Philosophy.

3. A new safety system (install) now by our engineers.

4. Tomorrow from 9 till 2 the students (take) exam in English.

5. Test-paper on Mathematics (write) by the students when the dean entered the classroom.

6. The article (translate) into Russian now, it will be published soon.

7. What you (do) here? – I (look for) my textbook.

8. Listen! My favourite song (perform).

9. Why didn't you come yesterday? – I was busy, I (prepare) for exam in maths.

10. When I saw the car, it (drive) at over fifty miles an hour.

11. I won't be at home at this time; I (walk) my dog in the park.

12. Have they found the lost child? – No, he still (look for).

3. Какую страдательную форму глагола нужно использовать: – Present Indefinite Passive или Present Сontinuous Passive?

1. Where are your friends? – They (show) around the city. 2. Many accidents (cause) by dangerous driving. 3. The witness (question) by the police inspector now. 4. The old motor-way (use) by many people, but it's not very convenient, that's why a new ring-road (build) in the city. 5. Beautiful furniture (make) at this factory. 6. Young people (give) a lot of advice by their parents. 7. You can't use the printer now, it (fix). 8. Dinner usually (serve) at 1 a. m. 9. Wait a little! Dinner still (cook). 10. What are you doing here in the hall? – My room (clean). 11. This book often (refer to). 12. What question (discuss) at the moment?
13. He is such a nice chap. Why he so often (laugh at)?

– Past Indefinite Passive или Past Continuous Passive?

1. The novel "War and Peace" (write) by Tolstoy. 2. When they entered the auction-hall, this painting (sell). 3. He couldn't go out as his suit and shirt (clean). 4. His friends (fine) for exceeding speed limit yesterday. 5. They (ask) many questions at the exam? 6. I didn't realize at that moment that I (follow).
7. When America (discover)? 8. Many buildings (destroy) during the Great Fire in London. 9. We weren't allowed to enter the hall, because it (air). 10. Our test-papers still (check), when we came two hours later. 11. When I entered the classroom, student Popov (examine). 12. The letter to their company (send) by fax an hour ago. 13. What film (demonstrate) in the lecture room now?

4. Переведите на английский язык, используя времена группы Continuous в Active или Passive Voice.

1. Что здесь делают эти студенты? – Они ждут декана.

2. Новые линии метро сейчас строят в разных частях Москвы.

3. Лекция длилась три часа, профессора слушали с большим вниманием.

4. В конце мая все студенты будут готовиться к экзаменам.

5. Какие вопросы сейчас обсуждаются?

6. Не разговаривайте так громко! Нас слушают.

7. Ему рассказывали новости, когда я зашёл в комнату.

8. Кого сейчас экзаменуют? – Сейчас отвечает студент Петров.

9. Я не могу понять, что он говорит.

10. Перевод готов? – Нет, текст ещё переводят.

Времена Perfect в страдательном залоге

Страдательный залог времён группы Perfectобразуется:

to be (в Present, Past или Future Perfect) + Participle II смыслового глагола.

He has been asked at today's seminar. – Его сегодня спросили на семинаре.

has been asked – Present Perfect Passive

The problem had been discussed when (by the time) he left the meeting. – Проблема (уже) была обсуждена, когда (к тому времени, как) он ушел с собрания.

had been discussed – Past Perfect Passive

The plan will have been worked out by the end of the week. – План будет разработан к концу недели.

will have been worked out – Future Perfect Passive

Времена Present, Past, Future Perfect в Passive Voice употребляются в тех же случаях, что и в Active Voice.

Exercises

1. Выберите правильный вариант.

1. The jumper (is / has been) washed several times, and it (wasn't / hasn't) shrunk.

2. Nylon (has / has been) produced since 1938 and today it (is / is being) found in many things.

3. The Houses of Parliament (were / have been) built between 1840 and 1857.

4. Scientists hope that a cure for cancer will soon (be / have been) found.

5. Each Concord (was / had been) built at a cost of 55 million pounds.

6. Boss says I will (be / have been) given a pay-rise next month.

7. By next year, everybody in the company will (be / have been) given a pay-rise.

8. She will (be / have been) informed about the results of the research as soon as it (is / will be) finished.

9. Wait for a while. He (is / is being) interviewed now.

2. Ответьте на вопрос:

What do you think will have been done at our University (in our city) by 2020? Используйте глаголы: to build, to create, to change, to reconstruct, to open, to close, to enlarge и другие.

3. Поставьте глагол из скобок в правильную форму: Perfect Active или Perfect Passive.

1. Why doesn't she attend the seminars? – She (be) ill for three weeks.

2. Hurry up! The lesson (begin) by the time we come.

3. This letter (write) by you yet? – Yes, I (send) it already.

4. He told me he already (finish) translating the text.

5. By next summer the swimming pool (build) in this district.

6. Everything (do) before the guests arrived.

7. Our son (enter) the university this year.

8. The article (translate) by the end of the next week.

9. They received good results after they (work) with this type of equipment.

10. How many phone calls you (make) today? – I (make) twenty phone calls by 3 p. m.

11. Two new engineers just (introduce) to the head of the department.

12. They told me that the new student much (speak) about.

4. Переведите на английский язык, используя времена группы Perfect Active или Passive Voice.

1. Он поступил в университет в этом году.

2. Эксперимент уже завершён? – Да, он был завершён к 5 часам.

3. Он когда-нибудь был в Германии? – Да, он был там несколько раз.

4. Когда делегация прибыла, новое оборудование уже было установлено.

5. Этим прибором не пользуются с 1998 года.

6. Я переведу эту статью на английский язык к тому времени, как вы вернётесь в Мурманск.

7. Мы надеемся, что свойства этого вещества будут определены к началу следующего года.

8. Нам только что сообщили о результатах научного исследования.

9. Этот студент получил стипендию после того, как успешно сдал все экзамены.

10. Аспиранты завершили исследовательскую работу к концу семестра.

11. Вы видели новую лабораторию? – Да, её открыли к тому времени, как мы приехали.

12. Наш техник установит новую программу до того, как вы начнёте работу на компьютере.

Сводная таблица форм страдательного залога

to be (в необходимой форме) + 3-я форма глагола (Past Participle)

Время	Simple	Progressive	Perfect
Present	I He We	am is are	asked	I He We	am is are	being asked	I He We	have has have	been asked
Past	I He We	was was were	asked	I He We	was was were	being asked	I He We	had	been asked
Future	I   He We	shall (will) will shall (will)	be asked	___________	I   He We	shall (will) will shall (will)	have been asked
Future in the Past	I He We	would	be asked	____________	I He We	would	have been asked

• Формы Perfect Progressive отсутствуют.

Страдательный залог после модальных глаголов

Действительный залог	Страдательный залог
I He You She He Tom They You	can do should do ought to do must do has to do is to do may do might do	it.	It	can be done should be done ought to be done must be done has to be done is to be done may be done might be done	by me. by him. by you. by her. by him. by Tom. by them. by you.