Образец экзаменационного материала.
Установите соответствие между текстами A–Gи заголовками 1–8.
Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один
раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.
Максимальное количество баллов за этот вид задания -7(1 балл за каждый правильный ответ)
- When we don’t sleep
- Not only for humans
- How dreaming helps
- When we dream
- Why dreams can be scary
- What we feel dreaming
- How we forget dreams
- How we remember dreams
A.
Even though our dreams may feel like they last for hours and hours, we hardly
spend more than two hours dreaming each night, which means a person spends
a total of nearly six years dreaming throughout a lifetime. In general there are
four phases of the sleep cycle and all dreaming occurs practically at the final
phase. Each of these sleep cycles lasts approximately 60 to 90 minutes and may
repeat several times throughout the night.
B.
Anxiety is the most popular emotion experienced in dreams. Many people
dream of falling, which is often connected to something in our lives that is
going in the wrong direction. In addition, dreams of being chased are very
common and are linked to avoidance. Also people report dreams about their
teeth falling out, which is related to the words and communication we might
have in real life.
C.
Dreaming helps people make sense of the information and events that occur in
their lives. Dreams play an important role in processing and remembering
information that we absorb daily. Also, they help reduce stress and even solve
problems. It’s very possible to work through real-life problems while dreaming
at night. In addition, dreams provide a lot of important content and meaning
that can be used to inspire and direct our lives during the day.
D.
Nearly 5 to 10% of adults have nightmares. There are several reasons for it, for
example when people start taking certain medications or when they withdraw
from drugs. Some physical conditions, such as stress or illness, can also be
a trigger. However, in some cases adults may have frequent nightmares that are
unrelated to their everyday lives, which may signify that they are more
creative, sensitive, and emotional than the average person.
E.
There is no person who does not have dreams, but not everybody recalls them.
The most vivid dreams happen during the Rapid Eye Movement sleep stage
when the brain is extremely active and the eyes move back and forth quickly
underneath the eyelids. Although dream recall varies from person to person,
some people have little or no recollection of the content, and around 90% of
dreams are gone following the first 10 minutes of waking up.
F.
Scientists have found that animals also dream and their subconscious thoughts
are connected to real experiences. Animals’ dreams are complex, containing
long sequences of events. Animals’ brains share the same series of sleeping
states as the brain of human beings. Analyzing animals’ dreams and the content
of their dreams may help scientists treat memory disorders and develop new
ways for people to learn and retain information more effectively.
G.
Only five minutes after the end of a dream and half of the content is likely to
vanish from our memories. It’s not that dreams aren’t important enough to
keep in mind, but other things tend to get in the way. Dream researcher L.
Strumpell believes that dreams disappear from our memories for a number of
factors. For example, we may not recall dream images that lack intensity,
association or repetition, which are usually needed for dream recall.
Раздел 2. Лексика и грамматика.
Образец экзаменационного материала.
Задание 1. Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти
номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены
возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.
Максимальное количество баллов за этот вид задания - 7.(Один балл за каждый правильный ответ)
After the war
When the war ended I returned to Trinity College and was granted an extra
year to complete my degree. 8_______ my father and mother considered my
grant at Trinity the highlight of the year, I thought Dad’s receiving an award from
the Queen was more important.
The ceremony turned 9______ to be a double delight, because I was able
to witness my old tutor, Professor Bradford, receive his award for the role he had
played in the field of breaking German military codes 10_______ the war. I was
proud of our little team working under Professor Bradford – as Churchill stated in
the House of Commons, we had probably cut the length of the war by a year.
We all met up afterwards for tea at the Ritz, and not unnaturally at some
11_______ during the afternoon the conversation switched to what career I
proposed to follow now the war was over. To my father’s credit he had never once
12_______ that I should join him at the family company, especially as I knew
how much he had longed for another son who might eventually 13_______ his
place. In fact, during the summer vacation I became even more conscious of my
good fortune, as Father seemed to be preoccupied with the business and Mother
was unable to hide her own anxiety about the future of the company. But whenever
I asked if I could help all she would 14_______ was, “Don’t worry, it will all
work out in the end.”
8. 1)Although 2) therefore3) moreover4)however
9. 1)off 2)into 3)out 4)over
10. 1)until 2)unless 3)during 4)while
11. 1) event 2)occasion 3)case 4)point:
12. 1)offered 2)proposed 3)suggested 4)presented
13. 1)take 2)hold 3)keep 4)make
14. 1)tell 2)speak 3)talk 4)say
Задание 2. Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски 15–20частями предложений,
обозначенными буквами А–G. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.
Занесите цифры, обозначающие соответствующие части предложений,
в таблицу.
Максимальное количество баллов за этот вид задания- 6.(Один балл за каждый правильный ответ)
Promoting language learning
The European Union (EU) is committed to supporting the rights of its
citizens to personal and professional mobility, and their ability to communicate
with each other. It does so by 15_____________________ to promote the teaching
and learning of European languages. These programmes have at least one thing in
common: they cover cross-border projects involving partners from two, and often
three or more, EU countries.
The EU programmes are designed to complement the national education
policies of member countries. Each government is responsible for its own national
education policy, 16____________________. What the EU programmes do is to
create links between countries and regions via joint projects,
17____________________.
Since 2007 the main programmes have been put under the overall umbrella
of the EU’s lifelong learning programme. All languages are eligible for support
under this programme: official languages, regional, minority and migrant
languages,18_____________________. There are national information centres in
each country, 19_____________________.
The cultural programmes of the EU also promote linguistic and cultural
diversity in a number of ways. The “Media” programme funds the dubbing and
subtitling of European films for 20_____________________. The “Culture”
programme builds cross-cultural bridges by supporting the translation of modern
authors into other EU languages.
A.and the languages of the EU’s major trading partners
B.which includes language teaching and learning
C.cinemas and television in other EU countries
D.which enhance the impact of language teaching and learning
E.funding a number of educational programmes
F.and encouraging people to learn new languages
G. where details about the application procedures are given
II. АУДИРОВАНИЕ
Образец
Вы услышите диалог. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений
1–5соответствуют содержанию текста (1 – True), какие
не соответствуют (2 – False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть
на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного
ответа (3 – Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного Вами варианта
ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
Максимальное количество баллов за этот вид задания- 5.(Один балл за каждый правильный ответ).
1. Michael isn’t enjoying his studies.
1)True2)False3)Not stated
2. Jane is free on Saturday evening.
1)True 2)False 3)Not stated
3. Michael’s favorite actor is Michael Douglas.
1)True 2)False 3)Not stated
4. Jane agrees to go to the cinema.
1)True 2)False 3)Not stated
5. Shops in Bath are less expensive than shops in Clifton.
1)True 2)False 3)Not stated
III. Письмо
Максимальное количество баллов за этот вид задания – 7.
Письменная работа оценивается по пяти критериям:
1. Содержание –1 балл;
2. организация текста -1 балл;
3. лексика -2 балла;
4. грамматика – 2 балла;
5. орфография и пунктуация -1 балл.