A short guide in english affixation

PRODUCTIVE SUFFIXES IN MODERN ENGLISH

N A T I V E

-dom kingdom the meaning of collectivity Germanic, noun-forming, neutral
  -er teacher   the agent of action   Germanic, noun-forming, neutral
  -ing learning   the act of doing   Germanic, noun-forming, neutral
  -ling hireling   the idea of diminutiveness, depreciation   Germanic, noun-forming, evaluative
  -ie, -y antie   the idea of diminativeness   Germanic, noun-forming, evaluative
  -ness goodness   the idea of state, condition   Germanic, noun-forming
  -ful thankful   the idea of presence of some quality   Germanic, adjective-forming, neutral
  -less powerless   the idea of absence of some quality   Germanic, adjective-forming, neutral
  -ish reddish   the idea of being similar to depreciatory (often)   Germanic, adjective-forming, sometimes exvaluative
  -like lifelike   the idea of being similar to having the characteristics of   Germanic, adjective-forming, neutral
  -ly womanly   the idea of having the appearance of, manner of   Germanic, adjective-forming, neutral
  -en blacken   the idea of making into or making like     Germanic, verb-forming, neutral

B O R R O W E D

-ee, -ey, -y trustee the idea of an object of the action Romanic, noun-forming, neutral
-ess poetess   the idea of feminine derivatives   Romanic, noun-forming, neutral
-let booklet   the idea of deminutiveness   Romanic, noun-forming, neutral
-ry, -ery machinery   the idea of collectivity   Romanic, noun-forming, neutral
-tion organization   the idea of action, state or result   Romanic, noun-forming, neutral
-ism atheism   the idea of system, trend, theory, movement   Greek, noun-forming, neutral
-ist dramatist   the idea of a person advocating a doctrine, a system, etc   Greek, noun-forming, neutral
-ite socialite   the idea of belonging to   Greek, noun-forming, neutral
-able drinkable   the idea of ability to an action   Romanic, adjective-forming, neutral
-al logical   the idea of being the kind of   Romanic, adjective-forming, neutral
-ize, -ise organize   the idea of conforming to or charging   Romanic, verb-forming, neutral

PRODUCTIVE PREFFIXES IN MODERN ENGLISH

N A T I V E

after- afternoon temporal quality Germanic
out- outcast   the idea of exceeding, surpassing   Germanic
over- overtake   the idea of being above something   Germanic
under- undergrowth   the idea of being beneath, of being insufficient, of being subordinate of   Germanic
up- upstairs   the idea of moving upwards   Germanic
un- unwilling   the idea of showing a reversal of an action   Germanic

B O R R O W E D

contra-, contro-, counter- contradict the idea of being against, contrary Romanic
dis- distract   the idea of separation or negation   Romanic
ex- export   the idea of being beyond or not now   Romanic
extra- extraordinary   the idea of being beyond or outside of   Romanic
in- (il-, ir-, im-) inability   the idea of negation   Romanic
inter- intercommunication   the idea of being together, between, among   Romanic
mis- misadventure   the idea of being wrong, ill or amiss   Romanic
non- non-stop   the idea of negation   Romanic
post- postwar   the idea of being after, later, subsequent   Romanic
pre- pre-revolutionary   the idea of priority   Romanic
re- rewrite   the idea of repetition   Romanic
retro- retroaction   the idea of moving or being backwards   Romanic
sub- submarine   the idea of under, below, beneath   Romanic
super- supernatural   the idea of above, over   Romanic
trans- transplant   the idea of being over, through, across, beyond   Romanic
ultra- ultramodern   the idea of being excessive, uncommon   Romanic
vice- vice-president   the idea of being instead of, in place of   Romanic
anti- antithesis   the idea of being opposite, against, instead   Romanic


NON-PRODUCTIVE SUFFIXES IN MODERN ENGLISH

N A T I V E

-hood boyhood the idea of being in general state Germanic, noun-forming
-ship clerkship   the idea of state, condition or profession   Germanic, noun-forming
-ster gangster   the idea of a person with a depreciatory meaning   Germanic, noun-forming, evaluative
-th length   the idea of state or quality   Germanic, noun-forming
-y perjury   the idea of the result of the action   Germanic, noun-forming
-y crafty   the idea of being full of, characterized by   Germanic, adjective-forming
       

B O R R O W E D

-age marriage the idea of act, process, collection or person Romanic, noun-forming  
-an, -ian guardian the idea of belonging to following a certain doctrine Romanic, noun-forming  
-ence, -ance obedience the idea of action or indicating state or quality Romanic, noun-forming  
-ant, -ent servant, student the idea of a person acting as a agent Romanic, noun- and adjective-forming  
-ard, -art drunkard, coward the idea of a person (with intensive, contemptuous shades of meaning Romanic, noun-forming, evaluative  
-er officer the idea of a person connected with some sort of activity Romanic, noun-forming  
-eer profiteer the idea of an agent (with intensification of meaning) Romanic, noun-forming  
-cy diplomacy the idea of state, condition, office Romanic, noun-forming  
-ion opinion the idea of abstract notions Romanic, noun-forming  
-ive affirmative the idea of having a nature or quality of a thing Romanic, noun-forming  
-ence existence the idea action, state, quality, degree Romanic, noun-forming  
-ment payment the idea of state, process, condition Romanic, noun-forming  
-or actor the idea of agent of the action or a person Romanic, noun-forming  
-ry, -ery poetry the idea of collectivity Romanic, noun-forming  
-ty liberty the idea of quality, state or condition Romanic, noun-forming  
-ic, -ics music, phonetics the idea of quality in the «manner of», «pertaining to» Greek, noun-forming
-ine heroine the idea of feminine quality Greek, noun-forming
-y academy the idea of abstract quality Greek, noun-forming
-ary ordinary the idea of pertaining to, of the nature of Romanic, adjective-forming
-ese Japanese the idea of belonging to certain place or a country Romanic, adjective-forming
-ic Celtic, domestic the idea of pertaining to or belonging to Romanic, adjective-forming
-ive talkative the idea of having a tendency to, character or quality of Romanic, adjective-forming
-ous glorious the idea of having the nature of, full of Romanic, adjective-forming
-ate graduate the idea of causation Romanic, verb-forming
-fy intensify the idea of bringing to a certain state Romanic, verb-forming


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