Понимание прочитанного. Прочитайте текст, вдумайтесь в его содержание, постарайтесь понять его

Прочитайте текст, вдумайтесь в его содержание, постарайтесь понять его, чтобы выполнить задания после текста.

1.	Educational institutions in the United States reflect the nation’s basic values and ideals. The underlying principle of the American system of education is to educate people in such a way that everyone has the opportunity to develop his greatest potential. The American system tends to focus on teaching man and society to get along in the community.
2.	Another major purpose of education in America is to lay the groundwork for achieving success in life. Here it should be said that Americans value education largely as a means of reaching a higher standard of living. The belief is widespread in the US that the more schooling a person has, the more money he will earn on college graduation. Generally speaking, the expectation is that degrees in fields such as business and engineering will result in higher paying careers.
3.	Equality of opportunities is an important aspect of the American system of education. However, the goal of equal opportunity in education remains an ideal rather than reality. Furthermore, the very structure of education itself, which contains both public and private schools, may not encourage equality of opportunity. Tuition fees in private schools are relatively high so they educate primarily upper-class children. However, these private schools are few in number and they do not by any means displace the public schools which are truly the central educational institutions in the United States.
4.	There is still another factor which supports the idea of equal opportunity – competition in getting jobs or entering the best universities is held on a relatively equal basis irrespective of the type of the school, private or public, one has attended. Furthermore, a lot depends on the personal qualities of the individual school graduate. Some believe that private institutions of higher learning have higher graduation standards but this is debatable.
5.	All university students must pay tuition fees. In addition to tuition fees they have to pay for the books and room and board. Deserving students may receive scholarships of various types that offset the high costs of higher education.

Пояснения к тексту.

to get along – ладить, уживаться

the … the … - чем … тем …

rather than – а не

the very – тот самый, самый

both … and … - и … и …

room and board – квартира и стол; полный пансион

to offset – компенсировать

I. Какое из данных утверждений выражает основную идею текста?

a) Американская система образования не является единой общегосударственной системой.

b) Высшие учебные заведения в США различаются по числу студентов и характеру учебных программ.

c) Система американского образования строится на тех же идеалах, что и общество в целом.

II. Запишите номер абзаца, в котором Вы найдете ответ на вопрос.

Do all students have to pay for their education?

III. Расположите данные пункты плана в последовательности, соответствующей содержанию текста.

1. The idea of equal opportunities in education is perhaps not true.

2. The ideals of the American system of education and the society coincide.

3. Personal qualities are taken into consideration when applying for a job.

4. College degrees can guarantee higher standards of living.

IV. Запишите заголовок к тексту (по-английски).

V. Переведите письменно 3 и 4 абзацы текста.

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА № 2

Вариант B

Для выполнения данной контрольной работы рекомендуется найти по словарю значения заданных слов и словосочетаний, постараться их запомнить, а затем перейти к выполнению контрольной работы.

distinctive, duration, during, to consist of, to apply, to provide, to devote to, entirely, to consider, background, to obtain, research, to submit, thesis, to award, to recognize, to accept, ability, to defend, to deserve, pure, to reject, intention, skill.

Лексика

I. Выберите слово, близкое по значению данному.

1. discipline	a) subject	b) dissertation	c) qualification
2. ability	a) duration	b) qualification	c) feature
3. entirely	a) practically	b) completely	c) extremely
4. competent	a) skillful	b) basic	c) distinctive
5. talent	a) degree	b) step	c) skill

II. Выберите слово, противоположное по значению данному.

6. applied	a) pure	b) advanced	c) accepted
7. to obtain	a) to get	b) to receive	c) to give
8. usually	a) often	b) never	c) generally
9. to accept	a) to reject	b) to take	c) to receive
10. before	a) ago	b) in front of	c) after

III. Выберите английское словосочетание, соответствующее русскому.

11. представить диссертацию	a) to write a thesis b) to submit a thesis c) to defend a thesis
12. прослушать курс лекций	a) to take a course b) to prepare a course c) to deliver a course
13. сдать экзамены	a) to take exams b) to pass exams c) to have exams
14. присуждать степень	a) to have a degree b) to obtain a degree c) to award a degree

IV. Найдите слово, выпадающее из данной тематической группы.