Exercise 11. Find English equivalents for the following words and word combinations.

природа руху; рівномірний рух; зовнішня сила; якщо двигуни не включені; тертя; приводить до прискорення; прямо пропорційний; зворотно пропорційний; труднощі при застосуванні; унаслідок

Exercise 12. Find in the text antonyms for the following words.

rising; curve; common; fantastic; internal; starting; from; deceleration; difficult; different

Exercise 13. Fill in the gaps with the words given at the right side.

1. Isaac Newton discovered three laws that describe the ______ of motion	apply
2. An ______ external force can change the uniform motion of an object.	application
3. If the engines are switched on, the rocket will ______ its position.	external
4. ______ can stop the ball that is rolling.	resultant
5. If a person grabs you by your belt, he / she will ______ an external force.	friction
6. The force that acts on a body is ______ proportional to the mass of this body.	nature
7. The acceleration of a body is in the same direction as the ______ force.	inversely
8. The Third Law of Newton is difficult in ______.	change

Exercise 14. Choose the right word to fill in the gaps.

1. There is a natural tendency of (1) ______ to keep on doing what they're doing. All objects resist (2) ______in their (3) ______ of motion. In the absence of an unbalanced force, an object in motion will maintain this state of (4) ______.

2. (5) ______ knows the Second Law. Everyone knows that heavier objects require (6) ______ force to move the same distance as (7) ______ objects. However, the Second Law (8) ______ us an exact relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. It can be expressed as a mathematical equation: FORCE = MASS times ACCELERATION

3. For every force there is a reaction force that is (9) ______ in size, but opposite in direction. That is to say that whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed back in the (10) ______ direction equally hard.

	a	people	b	objects	c	animals	d	bodies
	a	irritation	b	influence	c	changes	d	friction
	a	conditions	b	conclusions	c	states	d	positions
	a	motion	b	movement	c	going	d	moving
	a	Someone	b	Everyone	c	Anyone	d	No one
	a	bigger	b	more	c	larger	d	best
	a	less	b	little	c	lighter	d	smaller
	a	gives	b	gets	c	hands	d	offers
	a	same	b	opposite	c	other	d	equal
	a	same	b	other	c	equal	d	opposite

Exercise 15. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Існує хаотичний рух частинок, що має назву броунівського руху. 2. Чи є можливість для прискорення цієї машини до 180 км / год.? 3. Існують три закони, що описують природу руху. 4. У науці є поняття прискорення вільного падіння, що дорівнює силі тяжіння, яка діє на об’єкт. 5. Існують фактори, що впливають на реальне прискорення вільного падіння на поверхні Землі. 6. Чи існує формула, за якою можна визначити прискорення вільного падіння? 7. У теоретичній науці існують задачі, що не враховують силу тертя. 8. У природі є потік енергії, яка впливає на зовнішню поверхню земної атмосфери. 9. Чи є у групи пропозиції, що сприяють вирішенню цієї задачі? 10. Існує поняття рівнодіючої сили, дія якої дорівнює дії декількох сил на об’єкт.

Read the following text

Text 2

VISUAL ASSISTANTS

(___) Remember Clippy, the annoying pop-up virtual assistant that always gives "helpful" advice? Well, despite it disappeared several years ago due … across-the-board hatred, and the fact that it was called "one … the worst software design", Clippy inspired the Department … Defense … fund the creation … a new virtual assistants.

(___) The new project is called CALO, or Cognitive Assistant that Learns and Organizes. The Department started it … 2003 … a combined work … 60 different universities. What makes CALO different … Clippy (hopefully), is the ability … "learn in the wild," … quickly adapting to the preferences … the user. This could make CALO a truly helpful organizer … emails and schedules, and less … an irritant.

(___) One … the first CALO assistants that will hit the market is an iPhone apparatus called Siri. A voice-activated program, Siri can be asked … find the best restaurant … the area, give you reviews … movies you want to see, even call you a cab. This could save you the need to navigate several websites … your iPhone.

(___) Its another ability is a program called Social Kinetics, which helps organize contacts … weighing your relationship … them. The military already uses the system … analyze the flow … information through the ranks. Social Kinetics will be developed … civilians to organize healthcare … helping patients choose the specialists they need.

(___) Microsoft tried to create a virtual assistant but ended up creating a universally hated monster. The Department of Defense thinks they'll be more successful. Who knows if this was the best choice … funds, but we've got one suggestion … them: to make sure CALO stands a better chance … Clippy did: don't make the avatar look like a paperclip, a butler, a genie, a robot, a parrot, or a dolphin.