If you do something in kind, you do the same thing to someone that they have just done to you.

State – стЕйт

[C] (WAY OF BEING)

› a condition or way of being:The stable was preserved in its original state. \ Your room is in a terrible state. \ It's a sad state of affairs (= a bad situation) when our rivers are so endangered.

[C] (PLACE)

› politics & government one of the political units that some countries, such as the US, are divided into:New York State the State of Arizona

(COUNTRY)

C1 [C or U] a country or its government:The drought is worst in the central African states.\ Britain is one of the member states of the European Union. \ The government was determined to reduce the number of state-owned industries. \ Some theatres receive a small amount of funding from the state.formal His diary included comments on affairs/matters of state (=information about government activities).

Verb(EXPRESS)

› to express information clearly and carefully:His will states the property is to be sold. \ Please state your preference. \ [+ (that)] Union members stated (that) they were unhappy with the proposal.[+ question word] Please state why you wish to apply for this grant. \ Children in the stated (= named\упомянутых) areas were at risk from a lack of food, the report said.

Adjectiveprovided, created, or done by the state (= government of a country):state education/industriesstate legislature/lawstate controlstate funding/pensions/subsidies

State events are formal official ceremonies that involve aleader of a country or someone who represents thegovernment:the state opening of Parliamenta state funeral

Drought - дрАут

a long period when there is little or no rain:This year (a) severe drought has ruined the crops.

Affair – афЭир

(SITUATION)

a situation or subject that is being dealt with or considered; a matter:The meeting was addressed by an expert in South American affairs. \ What I do in my spare time is my own affair (= a private matter). \ She organizes her financial affairs very efficiently.

(RELATIONSHIP)

a sexual relationship, esp. a secret oneShe's having an affair with a married man. \ The book doesn't make any mention of his love affairs.an extramarital affair

noun [C] (EVENT)

› an event:Their wedding was a pretty boring affair. \ The party turned out to be a quiet affair.

a matter or situation that causes strong public feeling, usually of moral disapproval:The arms-dealing affair has severely damaged the reputation of the government. \ The president's handling of the affair has been criticized.

(THING)

old-fashioned an object of the type stated:She wore a long black velvet affair.

Deed –дИд

(ACTION)

› an intentional act, especially a very bad or very good one:It seems to me that a lot of evil deeds are done in the name of religion. \ She's always helping people and doinggood deeds.

(DOCUMENT)

› [C] law a legal document that is an official record and proof of ownership of property:According to the deed, she owns the land from here to the river.

Foremost – фОрмост

Adverb before anything else in rank, importance, or position; in the first place. = First and foremost I still pride myself on being able to play several positions. \ In spite of being elected to office, she remains first and foremost a writer. \ In spite of her recent success as a novelist, she remains first and foremost a poet.

Adjective most important or best; leading best known:This is one of the country's foremost arts centres. \ She's one of the foremost experts on child psychology.

Hereby\Thereby – хИрбай\зЕрбай(этими словами\в связи с этим)

Hereby means "by this"; thereby means "by that". \ Hereby is used in connection with what is present with the speaker or what the speaker has just mentioned or the speaker's present words (i.e. the present document); thereby is used in connection with what is at a distance from the speaker or what has been mentioned by the speaker or by someone else.

For your tireless work fixing and improving AWB I hereby award you this Barnstar (in legal language, now, by means of )

Thereby by that means or because of that

“He knocked over the red wine, thereby ruining the table cloth” \ If you'd like to contribute, and thereby save the world, please mail me a check.

Certify – сЁтифай

to say in a formal or official way, usually in writing, that something is true or correct:

Inspectors must certify that the building is safe. \ The meat has been certified (as) fit for human consumption.

to say officially that someone is mentally ill:

As a young man, he had been certified and sent to a hospital for the mentally ill.

Certification proof or a document proving that someone is qualified for a particular job, or that something is of good quality:

Adult workers are increasingly going back to school for a degree or certification to improve their job opportunities.

[ U ] He will seek organic certification of his beef and poultry products.

Play out

to develop in a particular way:

Let's see how things play out.

When a situation plays out, it happens and develops:

The debate will play out in the media over the next week or two.

Just how this will play out is unclear, because Wikipedia remains controversial.