Study the following groups of words that are often confused and misused. Explain their meaning and give your own examples illustrating their use

1/ Lawful, constitutional, legal, legitimate, licit; 2/ precede, proceed;

3/ personnel, personal, personalty, personality; 4/ presume; assume;

5/ procedure, proceedings, proceeds.

Choose the verb that best completes the sentence.

1. I hope you are not _____________to me any intention to mislead the prosecution.

a) Impugn; b) impute; c) infringe; d) encroach.

2. The prosecutor____________ several supplementary facts to substantiate his culpability

a) Induced; b) deducted; c) reduced; d) adduced.

3. Before an Act of Parliament can become law, it needs to receive Royal _______________ from the monarch.

a) Consent; b) Assent; c) Dissent; d) Agreement.

4. The _______________ of today's festival will go to several local charities.

a) Proceedings; b) procedure; c) proceeds; d) preceding.

5. As a political party they are trying to_____________ a change in the way
what we think about our environment.

a) Affect; b) effect; c) impact; d) influence.

6. The defendant _____________ that the police forced him to make false
confessions.

a) Alleges; b) alludes; c) eludes; d) states .

7. The President has been _______________ of the situation.

a) Apprised; b) appraised; c) ascertained; d) approved .

8. You should ask a lawyer for advice on how to ____________ from here.

a) Precede; b) proceed; c) proceeding; d) accede.

9. The parliamentary _____________ is due to start on May 27th.
a) Cession; b) cessation; c) session; d) setting.

10. The European Court shall ___________ a number of judges equal to that
of the High Contracting Parties.

a) Comprise; b) compose of; c) consist of; d) include.

11. My lawyer is going to ___________ an application and file it with the Court.

a) Compile; b) compose; c) comprise; d) be composed.

12. Money laundering is legitimizing _____________ from organized or other crime by paying it through normal business channels.

a) Proceedings; b) procedure; c) proceeds; d) preceding.

13. Most of the civil servants involved in the affair have been successfully _____________ and dismissed.

a) Prosecuted; b) persecuted; c) precipitated; d) preceded.

14. Religious minorities were ____________ and massacred during the totalitarian

regime.

a) Proscribed; b) prosecuted; b) persecuted; c) precipitated.

15. The Scottish _____________ system is quite different from the English one.
a) Constitutional; b) legal; c) lawful; d) legitimate.

16. In criminal cases the decision whether or not grant ______________ aid rests
with the court, which will make a ... aid order when this is desirable in the interests of justice.

a) Constitutional; b) legal; c) lawful; d) legitimate.

17. ______________ comprises the formal steps to be taken in an action or other
judicial _____________, criminal or civil.

a) Proceeding; b) procedure; c) proceeds; d) proceed.

18. The panel of five decided that ______________ would not be beneficial in her case.

a) Committal; b) commitment; c) proceedings; d) reference.

19. Safeguards are necessary to ___________ that people are not wrongfully put in prison.

a) Insure; b) ensure; ) assure; d) reassure.

20. The investigator's findings have been corroborated by the ____________
proofs provided by the inquiry

a) Mitigating; b) evidentiary; c) inconspicuous; d) obscure .

WRITING

You have been invited to the Human Rights Centre of Nottingham University in the UK. Write an outline plan of your presentation at the Centre about human rights protection in Ukraine.

SPEAKING TASKS

You are expected to speak for about two-three minutes:

1/. What do you know about the development of human rights in pre-modern societies? Speak about the main doctrine of John Lock theory.

2/. What was the reaction of international community to egregious violation of human rights in the 1940s?

3/. What was the situation with demands for human rights in 1950s – 1970s?

4/. Speak about the preconditions of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adoption?

5/. What do you know about the International Bill of Human Rights?

6/. Speak about the European protection of human rights after entering into force the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights.

7/. Why did two-tier system arouse dissatisfaction. Explain this procedure.

8/. Speak about the structure of the New Court ( number of judges, official languages).

9/. Speak about the Rules of the Plenary Court and functions of the Committee.

10/. What are Chambers? What are their functions.