Table the food items should be put. Use the expressions of opinion
|
v To my mind… v In my opinion … v As I see it … v In my view … | Food you should eat, because doctors recommend it | Food which is said to be bad for you | Food you like | Food you dislike |
18. Answer the questions.
1) Do you often eat/drink what you don’t like?
2) Do you avoid eating/drinking what you like?
19. Speak on the problem of food influence on the human health.
TO SMOKE OR NOT TO SMOKE
| |
20. Another life related problem is smoking. Answer the question:
1) Do you smoke? Why? How long?
2) How many members of your family smoke? Who are they?
3) How many people around you smoke?
21. Read the text and answer the question why young people smoke today more.Add your arguments.
You'd have to be living on Mars not to know that smoking is dangerous. Yet statistics show that young people today smoke more, not less. Why?
One answer is that many teens think it’s cool. Another is the enormous sums of money invested in advertising cigarettes. Tobacco companies spend millions to encourage the young to start, or to continue, smoking. "The Marlboro Man", "joe the Camel" and others do cool things and act important while smoking — just to get you to think that if you smoke this brand, you can do these things too. This isn't true. These people are not real and the things they do are made-up.
For tobacco companies cigarettes mean money. For us they mean disease and even death.
Shocking Facts
· Over 90% of all smokers start before they are 18.
· The average age for a new smoker is 13.
· Among the 13-year-old smokers there are more girls than boys.
· Smoking kills about 3 million people every year. Some aren't even smokers. They are people who live or work with heavy smokers.
If you think it’s cool, think again.
22. Study the words and phrases and make up sentences with their help to answer the question. Why is smoking dangerous.
| Addictive - вызывающий привычку, привыкание Air freshener - освежитель воздуха As for me - что касается меня Asthma - астма Asthmatic – астматик Bad breath - дурной запах изо рта Brand - марка Bronchitis – бронхит Can't stick the smell - не выношу запаха Cocaine - кокаин Disease - болезнь Disgusting - отвратительный, омерзительный Effect - влияние, воздействие Environment- окружающая среда Fuss - суета, шум Habit - привычка Heart attack - сердечный приступ, болезнь сердца Heavy smoker - заядлый курильщик Heroin - героин Lung cancer - рак легких | Made-up - выдуманный, вымышленный, искусственный Mental disorder - психическое расстройство Nicotine - никотин Pack - пачка Perfume - духи Pregnant- беременная Smell - запах Stillborn - мертворожденный Suicide - самоубийство To advertise - рекламировать To ban- запрещать To clog - засорять, загрязнять To encourage - подстрекать, потворствовать, вдохновлять To face - сталкиваться, оказаться перед угрозой To get you to think that …- чтобы убедить вас в том, что… To quit - бросать To store - накапливать To suffer - страдать Tobacco- табак, табачный |
23. Get into groups of 3-4 and think of sad facts about smoking.
For example: 1) Your clothes and hair will have a terrible smell.
2) Your teeth will turn yellow.
24. Read the sad facts about the smoking and find if they are the same as yours.
Remember! (см. приложение №4)
| Наречие в английском языке образуется путем прибавления суффикса –ly special (специальный) – specially (специально) |
v You will have bad breath.
v Your hair and skin will become dry. You'll get premature wrinkles.
v Smokers store more fat around the waist.
v A smoker is 22 times more likely to die of lung cancer than a non-smoker. (In fact, 30% of all cancer deaths are caused by smoking.)
v Smoking causes heart attacks. (Heart disease is now the number-one killer in Russia.)
v Nicotine isn’t the only bad thing in cigarettes, there are over 400 chemicals in one cigarette that are known to be harmful.
v Smoking causes bronchitis, asthma and emphysema.
v Pregnant women (especially teenagers) who smoke will face a lot of pregnancy risks. They even may give birth to stillborn babies.
v Babies of women smokers are more likely to have mental disorders than babies of women non-smokers.
v Babies with mothers who smoke develop more slowly during childhood. Cigarette smoke clogs and makes lungs awfully dirty.
v Nicotine is as addictive as heroin or cocaine. Seven out of 10 smokers want to quit, but can’t.
v Girls, cigarette packs leave no room in your purse for your compact and lipstick.
v You’ll never be rich. Cigarettes cost money.
25. Have a talk with your partner. You should convince, encourage him to stop smoking.
| HOW TO EXPRESS ENCOURAGEMENT |
| v Let's hope for the best. v Never give way to despire. v Don't let it get you down. v Why not give it another try? |
26. Read the views of different people on this point: SHOULD SMOKING BE BANNED IN PUBLIC PLACES? What is your opinion?
1) Smoking is awful and I personally can't stick the smell. As for me, I wouldn't just ban smoking in public but I would ban it everywhere in every country.
2) I have friends who smoke. Sure, I don't want them to, but they do anyway. I don't think that banning it in public will work at all. People will do what they want when they want!
3) I think it should be banned. A non-smoker shouldn't have to suffer just because people have not got enough will power to stop.
4) I think people should stop smoking because it gets young people into smoking and it's not good for the environment.
5) I think that smoking should be banned in public because you are more likely to die of passive smoking than actual smoking!
6) Yeah — it should be banned. Smoking is a form of slow suicide. It doesn't matter when you start; you can always stop. It's a question of will power.
7) As an asthmatic I strongly believe that smoking should be banned in public places. If smokers knew how asthmatics felt when they breathe in smoke many people would stop.
8) What's all this fuss about? Perfumes also have bad effects on asthmatics. Should we ban the use of perfumes and air fresheners?
9) Smoking is a disgusting and stupid habit. Why should we suffer from smokers?
10) If people want to kill themselves, let them. But I don't see why we should let them kill others?
11) Smoking isn't cool. It's stupid! It can kill us. I strongly believe it should be banned.
27. Get into two groups: for and against smoking. Give your arguments and prove your position.
| DISAGREEMENT | OPINION |
| v Certainly not! v Of course not! v I don't think so! v I don't think you are right. v I don't quiet agree with you. v I don't agree at all. v Yes, that's quiet true but …… | v Well, in my opinion … v As far as I 'm concerned … v If you want my opinion … v As I see it … v In my view … |
| |
28. Speak on the problem of smoking. Express your point of view on this matter.
29. Find all the words related to the lifestyle problem and fill in the chainword. Some letters of the words are given.
| 1)F | 2) | L | 3)S | |||||||||||||
| 4) | ||||||||||||||||
| M | 11) | T | 12) | L | 13) | Y | ||||||||||
| 5) | ||||||||||||||||
| C | 18) | E | D | U | ||||||||||||
| 17) | ||||||||||||||||
| E | I | |||||||||||||||
| 19) | 6)H | |||||||||||||||
| 10) | B | 21) | C | T | 20) | O | 14) | |||||||||
| S | ||||||||||||||||
| L | 16) | T | I | 15) | Q | |||||||||||
| 9) | С | 8) | R | 7) |
UNIT 8
HEALTHY WAY OF LIFE
| |
1. Think and answer the questions.
1) When was the last time you were ill?
2) Do you worry about staying well?
3) Do you think you are fairly healthy?
2. When someone says ''How are you?'' do you reply ''Fine thanks,
how are you?'' or do you say ''I'm not feeling very well. I've had
a bad cold, I've been off work, and now I've got a dreadful
cough. '' Some people never seem to be ill, others have always got something wrong with them... or think they have.
QUESTIONNAIRE
| Yes | No | |
| 1. Have you ever broken an arm or a leg? | ||
| 2. Have you ever stayed at home because of illness? | ||
| 3. Have you ever taken vitamin pills? | ||
| 4. Have you ever given up any of the following because of your health? · smoking · drinking · coffee · meat · sunbathing | ||
| 5. Have you ever taken up any of the following because of your health? · running · swimming · regular exercise | ||
| 6. Have you ever had an accident while watching a sport? | ||
| 7. Have you ever had an accident while playing a sport? | ||
| 8. Have you ever had...? · a heart attack · high blood pressure · malaria | ||
| 9. Have you ever had...? · flu · a headache · food poisoning | ||
| 10. Have you ever become ill on holiday? | ||
| 11. Have you ever worried about getting ill? | ||
| 12. Have you ever stayed in hospital? | ||
| 13. Have you ever looked up an illness in a medical dictionary? | ||
| 14. How are you keeping? · Not so good. · I've never felt better! |
Mostly Yes:Either you've been unlucky with your health or you've become a hypochondriac. Relax! Life's too short to worry so much about your health.
Mostly No: You're very lucky... so far. You're healthy and you don't worry much. But maybe you need to take better care of yourself - just in case.
PRESENT PERFECT
Данное время обозначает законченное действие, результат которого важен на данный момент
| Have (Has) + Ved (3 форма глагола) | ||||
| + | I ,You, We, They | have | looked bought (3) | (through) the papers. |
| He, She, (It) | has | |||
| - | I, You, We, They | have not | looked bought (3) | (through) the papers. |
| He, She, (It) | has not | |||
| ? | Have | I, you, we, they | looked bought (3) | (through) the papers? |
| Has | he, she (it) |
Для данного времени характерны следующие слова-показатели:
Already - уже
Never- никогда
Just – только что
Often – часто
Ever– когда-либо (обычно в вопросительных предложениях).
Yet– уже (в вопросительных предложениях)
Yet – еще (в отрицательных предложениях)
Lately– недавно, за (в) последнее время
Recently– недавно, на днях, в последнее время
Today- сегодня
This week (month, year) – на этой неделе (в этом месяце, в этом году)
For – в течение, в продолжение
Since– с, с тех пор, с тех пор как
Примечание:
1. Наречия already, just, never, ever, oftenстоят, как правило, между вспомогательным глаголом have (has) и Ved (3 форма глагола).
2. Наречия yet, lately, recently ставятся в конце предложения .
3. Since (союз и предлог) стоит перед словом или предложением, к которому он относится.
| 1) We have already passed our exams. | 1) Мы уже сдали экзамены. |
| 2) He has never been to Britain. | 2) Он никогда не быд в Британии. |
| 3) They haven’t heard the news yet. | 3) Мы еще не слышали эту новость. |
| 4) My brother has not come to see us since the New Year. | 4) Мой брат не навещал нас с Нового года. |
| 5) We haven’t heard from them since they left for England. | 5) Мы не получали от них никаких известий с тех пор, как они уехали а Англию. |
3. Complete the sentences with SINCE or FOR.
1) We haven't seen our cousin ... ages.
2) His wife has changed a lot... the last time we met.
3) My daughter hasn't written to me ... my birthday.
4) We have lived here ... many years.
5) It hasn't snowed here ... six months.
6) Our guests have not sailed ... last summer.
7) We haven't met... Christmas.
8) We haven't been in the opera ... over a year.
9) I haven't spoken German ... the end of the war.
10) You have kept me waiting ... half an hour!
4. Open the brackets, put the verbs in Present Perfect. Find the proper place in the sentences for JUST, ALREADY, EVER, NEVER, YET.
1) I (close) the door. (just)
2) She (fill) the coffee pot. (already)
3) You (visit) Mr. Brown? (ever)
4) You (listen) to that record? (yet)
5) No, I (listen) to it.(yet)
6) He (finish) his work. (already)
7) He (start) to weed the garden? (yet)
8) They (play) tennis, (never)
9) We (borrow) this dictionary, (already)
10) Mr. Brown (travel) to Europe? (ever)
Compare the tenses:
| Present Perfect | Past Simple |
| 1. Выражает законченное действие, совершившееся до момента речи, но имеющее с ним непосредственную связь, которая может выражаться в виде конкретного результата действия к моменту речи. 2. Нет точного указания времени в прошлом (yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, 5 years ago, in 1996). 3. Со словами показателями: already, never, ever, often, just, lately, recently, yet, today, this week, for, since. 4. Вопрос, который начинается с how long. | 1. Выражает действие, которое произошло в прошлом и не связано с настоящим. 2. Употребляется тогда, когда есть точное указание времени в прошлом (yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, 5 years ago, in 1996). 3. Вопрос, который начинается с when. |
| 1) I havealready read this book. 2) We have been to this museum lately. 3) How long have you been to France? | 1) I read this book last week. 2) We were in this museum a few days ago. 3) When were you in France? |
Ø Complete these sentences by putting the verbs into the Past Simple or Present Perfect.
1) I never (to hear) this story from my father.
2) I cannot tell you whether I like this book, as I not (to read) it.
3) When you last (to see) him?
4) I cannot give you this book as I (to give) it to Ann. When you (to give) it to her?
5) It is cold today. The weather (to change) since yesterday.
6) You (to receive) a letter from your father this week?
7) I (to see) Ann on Wednesday.
8) How many books you (to read) this week?
9) I (to be) at the theatre five or six times last month.
10) The doctor (come). He is waiting for you in the next room.
6. What is Healthy Way of Life?
7. Study the new words and expressions.
Absence of smth. -отсутствие чего-либо
Abstinence in (from) smth -воздержание в (от) чего-либо
Attitude to smb -отношение к чему-либо
Balanced feeding -сбалансированное питание
Benevolence -благосклонность
Careful attitude to one's own health -внимательное отношение с своему здоровью
Harmful habits -вредные привычки
Harmony -гармония
Leisure - отдых, досуг
Longevity - долговечность
Malice -злоба
Positive living position -положительная жизненная позиция
Spiritual -духовный
To be measurable -быть соизмеримым
To be sober -быть трезвым
To customize a nuration - нормализовать питание
To ensure - oбеспечивать, гарантировать
To go in for sports -заниматься спортом
To increase one's level of physical activity - увеличить уровень физической активности
To trespass -злоупотреблять чем-либо
Vitality - жизнеспособность
Vivacity - живость
Well-being -благополучие
Wholesome rest –здоровый, целебный, благотворный отдых
REMEMBER! (см. приложение № 4)
| Абстрактные существительные, обозначающие состояние, признак могут образовываться путем прибавления суффиксов:-ity, -ing, -y Active (активный) – activity (активность) Understand (понимать) – understanding(понимание) Modest (скромный) – modesty(скромность) |
8. Study the diagrams, presenting the results of the servey of Russion people revealinge their attitude on the problem "Healthy Way of Life". Make the same servey in your group. Mind the ways of asking different questions.