Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). 1 страница

Предисловие

Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, продолжающих изучение английского языка в педагогическом вузе на этапе бакалаврской подготовки.

Цель пособия – развивать коммуникативные способности студентов, т.е. обучение английскому языку как реальному средству общения; выработать у студентов умение читать английскую литературу для извлечения нужной информации, научить студентов вести беседу и делать сообщения в рамках изученного материала.

Пособие состоит из 12 разделов, каждый из которых имеет следующую структуру:

1. Текстовой материал и упражнения, направленные на развитие умений и навыков работы с иноязычным текстом.

2. Тренировочные лексико-грамматические упражнения.

3. Дидактический материал для развития умений и навыков говорения.

Дифференциация текстов объясняется тем, что они различны по уровню сложности и могут быть использованы студентами частично или в полном объеме.

Предлагаемый текстовой материал способствует повышению эрудиции и расширению кругозора студентов. Тексты подбирались с учетом их информативности, актуальности и интереса для студентов-первокурсников.

Раздел «Home reading» позволяет студентам познакомиться с оригинальными английскими текстами английских и американских авторов.

Вторая часть пособия планируется как грамматический справочник с практическими заданиями, что продиктовано пробелами в знаниях учащихся базовой грамматики, без которой невозможно практическое владение иностранным языком.

Unit 1 Making Introductions

Active vocabulary

to come of age	достичь совершеннолетия
to marry smb	жениться / выходить замуж
to be married to	быть женатым / быть замужем
to propose to smb	делать предложение
to accept one’s proposal	принять предложение
to refuse one’s proposal	отказаться принять предложение
to divorce	разводиться
wife	жена
husband	муж
child / children	ребенок / дети
son	сын
daughter	дочь
twins	близнецы
sister	сестра
brother	брат
aunt	тетя
uncle	дядя
niece	племянница
nephew	племянник
cousin	кузен
to keep smb happy	делать кого-либо счастливым
to take after	} походить на ….
to look like
to resemble
single-parent family	неполная семья
double-parent family	полная семья
to be pregnant	быть беременной
to fall in love	влюбиться
to cheat on smb	изменить кому-либо
to date smb	назначить свидание кому-либо
to get acquainted	познакомиться
to be of school age	быть школьного возраста
to be under school age	быть дошкольного возраста
to be on pension / retire	быть на пенсии
to take care of	заботиться
to bring up	воспитывать
to grow up	растить
to keep house	прибираться по дому
to spoil smb	баловать кого-либо

Task 1.Describe yourself My name is … I am twenty (thirty, forty). I live in …………………. I am tall (not very tall, short, middle-sized). I am thin (not very thin, rather fat). My face is round (square, oval).

I have large (small) blue (black, grey, hazel, green,) eyes.

My hair is black (fair, dark, blonde, chestnut), straight (curly, wavy) and long (short, not very long).

Task 2. Describe your best friend. Pay attention to his (her) character.

Person’s character

bright	способный	silly	глупый
calm	спокойный	fussy	суетливый
cheerful	жизнерадостный	depressed	подавленный
faithful	преданный	greedy	жадный
noble	благородный	common	банальный
polite	вежливый	rude	грубый
reasonable	рассудительный	light-minded	легкомысленный
tactful	тактичный	lazy	ленивый
attentive	внимательный	absent-minded	рассеянный
modest	скромный	boastful	хвастливый
kind	добрый	cunning	хитрый
even-minded	уравновешенный	envious	завистливый
cordial	сердечный	hot-tempered	вспыльчивый

Task 3. Read and translate the text.

My family

A few words about myself. My name is Ann. I was born in 1994 in Yekaterinburg. I live here with my family which is not very large: my mother, my father, my sister and I.

I’m seventeen/eighteen. I’m a student of the Ural State Pedagogical University (USPU), I’m going to be a teacher. I like studying here very much, though it’s sometimes difficult.

As you can see, I’m of a medium height and rather slim. My hair is dark, short and straight. I have brown eyes. They say I took after my mother in appearance.

As far as I can see my character is cheerful in general. I’m normally a happy and an optimistic person. I have a good sense of humor and consider myself a good mixer. I think my main shortcoming is that I’m hot-tempered sometimes, but this normally doesn’t affect my relations with people.

As for my preferences, I like watching good films, reading detective and love stories. As for sport I’m not very fond of it.

I try to do all the job about the house. I go shopping, clean the rooms and so on, but it’s not difficult for me. I’d like our home to be clean and tidy. I think home is the nicest place. And I’m sure that there is no place like home and there are no people dearer than your relatives.

My father is a businessman, he is very practical. As for my mother she is a housewife – she keeps house. My younger sister Helen is of school age, she is eleven. She resembles our parents very much. We get together every weekend to go for a walk or simply to talk.

Task 4. Speak about your own family.

The following questions and information will help you.

1. How large is your family?

2. Are you the eldest in the family?

3. Do you have any special duties?

4. Who do you most take after, your mother or your father?

5. Who are you like in character?

6. Who is the head of your family? Why?

Task 5. Use the information about your relatives or friends.

AGE	ВОЗРАСТ
adult, grown-up	взрослый
teenager	подросток
youngster	юноша
baby	младенец
old	старый
aged, elderly	пожилой
middle-aged	средних лет
young	молодой
elder brother / son / sister, etc.	старший брат /сын /сестра и т.д.
at the age of	в возрасте
to be over 20	за 20

JOBS	ПРОФЕССИИ
journalist	журналист
architect	архитектор
doctor / physician	врач / терапевт
nurse	медсестра
surgeon	хирург
dentist	стоматолог
secretary	секретарь
teacher	учитель
waiter / waitress	официант / официантка
cook	повар
engineer	инженер
driver	водитель
worker	рабочий
shop-assistant	продавец
actor / actress	актер / актриса
librarian	библиотекарь
clerk	служащий
musician	музыкант
psycologist	психолог
lawyer	юрист, адвокат
accountant / book-keeper	бухгалтер
office worker	служащий
manager	менеджер

WHERE THEY WORK	ГДЕ ОНИ РАБОТАЮТ
office	контора, учреждение
hospital	больница
school	школа
restaurant	ресторан
factory / plant / works	завод
department store	универмаг
theatre	театр
library	библиотека
bank	банк

Task 6. Make up short situations based on the model.

Model: It’s Robert Brown. He’s 26.

He’s a journalist. He’s American.

He comes from New York.

Name	Age	Job	Nationality	Residence
Mary Smith		secretary	English	London
Tom Stuart		architect	Irish	Dublin
Jerry Brown		doctor	Canadian	Ottawa
Clair Jones		mechanic	Australian	Sydney
Robert Grey		actress	American	New York
Andrew Smith		lawyer	Scottish	Edinburgh
Mark Black		driver	Jew	Tel Aviv
Jee Li		nurse	Chinese	China
Ivan Smirnov		teacher	Russin	Russia

Task 6. Study the Family Tree

Say whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

Max + Mary

Clair Tom+ Elis Robert+ Jane Helen

Ben Donald Laura

1. Mary is Helen’s mother. 2. Max is Elis’s father. 3. Tom is Jane’s husband. 4. Clair is Tom’s wife. 5. Ben is Donald’s brother. 6. Laura is Ben’s cousin. 7. Helen is Laura’s aunt. 8. Tom is Ben’s uncle. 9. Donald is Jane’s nephew. 10. Laura is Clair’s niece. 11. Elis is Clair’s sister-in-law. 12. Tom is Helen’s brother. 13. Helen is Max’s daughter. 14. Elis is Jane’s sister. 15. Max is Donald’s grandfather. 16. Laura is an only child. 17. Helen has two children. 18. Mary is Laura’s grandmother. 19. Ben is Mary’s grandson. 20. Helen is single.

Revision

Complete the sentences, using the correct word from these:

aunt bride bride bridegroom bridesmaid brother cousin

engaged honeymoon husband invitation marriage niece orphan

parents restaurant relatives son stepfather uncle wedding

A wedding I attended

My ______, Harold, got married last weekend and I was a _____at the _______. All the family were happy because we have known the _____, Mary Surrdife, for a long time and Harold went out with her for a year before they became _______.

Mary’s ________ died in a car crash when she was very young, so she became an ________, but her ______ Tom is a kind man and has always looked after her. When Harold and Mary were making the list of ______ for the wedding, of course they invited all the ________ and some friends, but we wondered if my mother’s first _______, my _________ Mr. Page, would accept, because he lives in Newcastle. But he did come, perhaps because my brother Ian is his ________.

Everyone was very happy during the ______ service, except my ______Charles, the _____’s father. He was a little sad – I suppose because of my ______ Elise died a few years ago.

Afterwards, we went to the ________at the King’s Arms and had a big lunch and everyone made speeches. Then the _______ cut the cake, with Harold helping her, and they went to their ______ in Ibiza. My uncle Charles came up to me and said: “I must come and dance with my ______, the prettiest girl in the room”, so I felt very pleased.

Jane Quick

Home Reading

He always reminds me of my poor Uncle Podger. You never saw such a commotion up and down a house, in all your life, as when my Uncle Podger undertook to do a job. A picture would have come home from the frame - maker’s, and be standing in the dining-room, waiting to be put up; and Aunt Podger would ask what was to be done with it, and Uncle Podger would say:

“Oh, you leave that to ME. Don’t you, any of you, worry yourselves about that. I’LL do all that.”

And then he would take off his coat, and begin. He would send the girl out for sixpen’orth of nails, and then one of the boys after her to tell her what size to get; and, from that, he would gradually work down, and start the whole house.

“Now you go and get me my hammer, Will,” he would shout; “and you bring me the rule, Tom; and I shall want the step-ladder, and I had better have a kitchen-chair, too; and, Jim! you run round to Mr. Goggles, and tell him, `Pa’s kind regards, and hopes his leg’s better; and will he lend him his spirit-level?’ And don’t you go, Maria, because I shall want somebody to hold me the light; and when the girl comes back, she must go out again for a bit of picture-cord; and Tom! – where’s Tom? – Tom, you come here; I shall want you to hand me up the picture.”

And then he would lift up the picture, and drop it, and it would come out of the frame, and he would try to save the glass, and cut himself; and then he would spring round the room, looking for his handkerchief. He could not find his handkerchief, because it was in the pocket of the coat he had taken off, and he did not know where he had put the coat, and all the house had to leave off looking for his tools, and start looking for his coat; while he would dance round and hinder them.

“Doesn’t anybody in the whole house know where my coat is? I never came across such a set in all my life – upon my word I didn’t. Six of you! – and you can’t find a coat that I put down not five minutes ago! Well, of all the – “

Then he’d get up, and find that he had been sitting on it, and would call out:

“Oh, you can give it up! I’ve found it myself now. Might just as well ask the cat to find anything as expect you people to find it.”

And, when half an hour had been spent in tying up his finger, and a new glass had been got, and the tools, and the ladder, and the chair, and the candle had been brought, he would have another go, the whole family, including the girl and the charwoman, standing round in a semi-circle, ready to help. Two people would have to hold the chair, and a third would help him up on it, and hold him there, and a fourth would hand him a nail, and a fifth would pass him up the hammer, and he would take hold of the nail, and drop it.

“There!” he would say, in an injured tone, “now the nail’s gone.”

And we would all have to go down on our knees and grovel for it, while he would stand on the chair, and grunt, and want to know if he was to be kept there all the evening.

The nail would be found at last, but by that time he would have lost the hammer.

“Where’s the hammer? What did I do with the hammer? Great heavens! Seven of you, gaping round there, and you don’t know what I did with the hammer!”

We would find the hammer for him, and then he would have lost sight of the mark he had made on the wall, where the nail was to go in, and each of us had to get up on the chair, beside him, and see if we could find it; and we would each discover it in a different place, and he would call us all fools, one after another, and tell us to get down. And he would take the rule, and re-measure, and find that he wanted half thirty-one and three-eighths inches from the corner, and would try to do it in his head, and go mad.

And we would all try to do it in our heads, and all arrive at different results, and sneer at one another. And in the general row, the original number would be forgotten, and Uncle Podger would have to measure it again.

He would use a bit of string this time, and at the critical moment, when the old fool was leaning over the chair at an angle of forty-five, and trying to reach a point three inches beyond what was possible for him to reach, the string would slip, and down he would slide on to the piano, a really fine musical effect being produced by the suddenness with which his head and body struck all the notes at the same time.

And Aunt Maria would say that she would not allow the children to stand round and hear such language.

At last, Uncle Podger would get the spot fixed again, and put the point of the nail on it with his left hand, and take the hammer in his right hand. And, with the first blow, he would smash his thumb, and drop the hammer, with a yell, on somebody’s toes.

Aunt Maria would mildly observe that, next time Uncle Podger was going to hammer a nail into the wall, she hoped he’d let her know in time, so that she could make arrangements to go and spend a week with her mother while it was being done.

“Oh! you women, you make such a fuss over everything,” Uncle Podger would reply, picking himself up. “Why, I LIKE doing a little job of this sort.”

And then he would have another try, and, at the second blow, the nail would go clean through the plaster, and half the hammer after it, and Uncle Podger be precipitated against the wall with force nearly sufficient to flatten his nose.

Then we had to find the rule and the string again, and a new hole was made; and, about midnight, the picture would be up – very crooked and insecure, the wall for yards round looking as if it had been smoothed down with a rake, and everybody dead beat and wretched – except Uncle Podger.

“There you are,” he would say, stepping heavily off the chair on to the charwoman’s corns, and surveying the mess he had made with evident pride. “Why, some people would have had a man in to do a little thing like that!”

Jerome K. Jerom

“Three Men in a Boat”

1) Do you have“Uncle Podger” among your relatives?

What is the main problem in communication with this person?

2) Try to ac out this scene.

Unit 2 House

Active vocabulary

dwelling house	} жилой дом
block of flats
a two-room flat	двухкомнатная квартира
sitting-room	} гостиная
living-room
dining-room	столовая
bedroom	спальня
nursery	детская
study	кабинет
bathroom	ванная комната
lavatory / toilet	туалет
kitchen	кухня
to furnish the flat	обставлять квартиру
furniture	мебель
house-hold objects	бытовая техника
central heating	центральное отопление
gas	газ
electricity	электричество
wall unit	мебельный гарнитур (стенка)
dining / writing table	обеденный / письменный стол
bookcase	книжный шкаф
wardrobe	гардероб
cupboard	буфет
built in	встроенный
chair	стул
armchair	кресло
stool	табурет
divan	диван
sofa	софа
TV-set	телевизор
piece of furniture	предмет мебели
hanging lamp	люстра
curtains	шторы
carpet	ковер
to vac the carpet	пылесосить ковер
mirror	зеркало
sink	раковина
towel	полотенце
fridge / refrigerator	холодильник
microwave oven	микроволновая печь
ceiling	потолок
floor	пол
wall	стена
parquet	паркет
linoleum	линолеум
to be painted (green)	окрашенный (в зеленый цвет)
to be papered with wallpaper	оклеенный обоями
to be white-washed	побеленный
tiled wall	кафельная стена
in the middle	в середине
in the left/ right hand corner	в левом / правом углу
to the right of	направо от
on the right	справа
opposite	напротив

Task 1. Read, translate, and retell the text.

The House

A house may be built of wood, stone, brick, concrete. A building may be one-, two-, three- or four-storeyed and higher. There are many multi-storeyed houses in our town now.

American multi-storeyed buildings are called skyscrapers. London houses have mostly 2 or 3 storeys (and only 5% have from 8 to 10 storeys). Our first floor is usually called the ground floor in England. And our second floor corresponds to the English first floor. The Americans call the floors as we do: first, second, etc.

The house we live in is our home. The house may front a street, a park, or a square. It may have a southern, northern, eastern or western aspect. The windows of my room overlook a lane.

When people move into a new flat they usually have a house-warming party.

There may be a one-room flat, a two-room flat, etc. Most of the flats nowadays have all modern conveniences such as: running water, gas, electricity, central heating.

The entrance to the house from the street is called the front-door. There is sometimes another entrance too, leading into the house from the yard, the back-door.

The staircase leads to the upper floors. We go upstairs or downstairs. The staircase consists of stairs (steps). The steps between two landings are called a flight of stairs, and the door of the flat usually opens on to the landing.

When the visitors come, they knock at the door or press the bell. Then one of the inhabitants answers the door (the bell) and the visitor asks if the person he wants to see is in or out.

Task 2.Learn the dialogues by heart.

Dialogue A

- So, you moved into a new flat, didn’t you?

- Yes, last Saturday we had our house-warming party. Now we have a nice three-room flat with all modern conveniences in a new block of flats in the center of the city. Here is the front entrance.

- Shall we mount the stairs?

- No, there is a lift to take us up. This is our landing… By the way, Peter’s flat is two flights down.

Dialogue B

- Let me help you out of your coat. Hang your hat on the peg. Now I’ll show you round the flat. This door leads to the living-room.

- What a spacious room! What’s the floor-space?

- About 25 square meters.

- I like the pattern of the wall-paper. It makes the room look cosy.

- The room is not well-furnished yet. The sofa fits in very well, but the writing-desk looks out of place here.

- But don’t crowd the room with furniture. There must be space to move about. I don’t like heavy pieces of furniture.

- You are quite right. An overcrowded room doesn’t show good taste.

- You get a fine view from the balcony.

- On the right you see a service-block and shops. Everything is close at hand.

Task 3.Describe your flat, or retell the text.

My home

We have a nice flat rather far from the centre of the city. It is in a new sixteen-storeyed high-rise building in Gagarin Avenue. As there are so many storeys in the building it has two lifts.

Our flat is on the fourth floor. It has all modern conveniences. There are three rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a hall in our flat.

The living room is the largest and most comfortable room in the flat. In the middle of the living room we have a square dinner-table with six chairs round it. There is a hanging lamp above the table. To the right of the dinner-table there is a wall unit which has several sections: a sideboard, a wardrobe and some shelves. At the opposite wall there

is a piano with a piano stool before it. Between the two large windows there is a little table with a TV-set on it. Near the TV-set there are two cosy armchairs. A small round table, a divan-bed and a standard lamp are in the left-hand corner. This table is for newspapers and magazines. The walls of the living-room are light-green and there are a few water-colours on them.