Внешние признаки, профилактические меры, умственное перенапряжение, крепкий сон.

Text G. Atherosclerosis and Its Treatment

Atherosclerosis is one of the diseases of the cardiovascular system which is due to many causes. There is a number of factors which may determine its development.

Atherosclerosis of the blood vessels results from metabolic disturbances and particularly from disturbances of cholesterol exchange. These disturbances begin long before there is any external evidence of the disease. Therefore the doctor must prevent its appearance beginning preventive measures and treatment as early as possible.

Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis consist mainly of a certain regimen for the patient, which he must strictly follow. The patient must get up, eat, work, and go to bed at exactly the same time every day.

Sound sleep is very important since it enables the nerve cells to rest. The patient with the signs of atherosclerosis must sleep not less than 7-8 hours and walk before going to bed. Mental and physical overstrain must be excluded.

The incidence of atherosclerosis is high in professional groups with insufficient physical activities. So physical exercises must be part of the prescribed regimen for such persons.

Smoking affects unfavourably the walls of the blood vessels and can result in their spasm, that is why patients suffering from atherosclerosis must not smoke.

The diet of the patients with atherosclerosis must contain sufficient amount of proteins, but fats and carbohydrates must be taken in very limited doses.

Vitamins are widely used in the treatment of atherosclerosis because some of them improve the metabolic processes and others dilate the vessels, particularly the peripheral ones.

Other drugs administered in treating atherosclerosis are the so-called lipotropic substances, which prevent fat from accumulating in the organism.

Since the nervous system affects the metabolic processes in the human body the patients with atherosclerosis are prescribed such drugs as bromide and valerian to improve its general condition.

CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

Revision

X. Translate the following word combinations:

Congenital heart defects, to result in heart failure, to make an incision on the cardiac wall, to radiate to the back and arm, to undergo the course of the X-ray treatment, to prevent the rupture of the blood vessel, to administer an adequate dose of medicine, to complain of a general malaise and fatigue.

XI. 1. Give the words of the opposite meaning:

To diminish, suddenly, to be constant, to become worse, changeable, to fall (to drop), to include, malignant, seldom, sufficiency, a gain in weight.

2. Give the words of the close meaning:

A symptom, in addition to, to be troubled by, to give attention to, to pass through, an injury, an impairment, to spread, a return of a disease, to feed, an attack.

XII. Choose the appropriate word from those given in brackets:

As the condition of the patient had been gradually improving his temperature- considerably (reduced, rose). 2. Severe attacks of angina pectoris are accompanied by- pain radiating down the arm (sharp, moderate). 3. If the patient is suffering from rheumatic endocarditis his pulse becomes- on physical exertion (accelerated, slow). 4. Partial arrest of blood circulation often results in- to brain cells (the recovery, the damage).

XIII. Read the pairs of sentences and answer the questions supplying your explanations:

1. The young cardiologist has been investigating the character of heart defects since the beginning of the year. Doctor Sviridov is investigating the character of heart defects. Кто из них начал раньшезаниматься исследованием?

2. My mother has been followed up at the polyclinic since the time she was discharged from the clinic. My father is followed up at the polyclinic to prevent the recurrence of the disease. За кем из них наблюдение по поводу отдаленных результатов начато раньше?

XIV. Find the Complex Object. Define the forms of the Infinitive. Translate the sentences:

The physician considered the incidence of heart attacks to be associated with the nervous overstrain. 2. The doctor wants me to have undergone the course of treatment by the end of the week. 3. We noticed the most characteristic symptoms of rheumatic endocarditis have been eliminated since the administration of those preparations.

XV. Translate the following sentences: