Exercise 7. Complete the table on Blood
| Blood components | Function |
Exercise 8. Complete the following sentences. Choose the ending according to the text.
1. Blood is found in … .
2. The main components of blood include: … .
3. Blood plasma is a pale colored liquid, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% of its volume), and contains … .
4. Red blood cells carry … .
5. White blood cells are responsible primarily for … .
6. There are five main types of white blood cells: … .
7. Thrombocytes have an important role in … .
Exercise 9. a) Make up collocations using the words from both columns.
| blood | system |
| body | vessels |
| heart | balance |
| water | attack |
| immune | products |
| waste | tissues |
B) Fill in the gaps with the words from the table above.
1. Blood is found inside the … (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules and veins).
2. When the number of red blood cells is too high, blood can become too thick, which may cause the blood to clot more easily and increase the risk of … and strokes.
3. Blood is responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, enzymes and hormones to and from the cells that make up our body and removing … .
4. Different types of leucocytes have different functions within the … : protect the body against infections, produce antibodies, etc.
5. Blood regulates the temperature of the body, body pH and … .
6. Some of the blood cells are also found in other types of … , for example, lymphocytes are found in the lymphatic system.
Exercise 10. Translate the derivatives.
1. Produce, production, product, producer.
2. Include, inclusion, includible, including.
3. Defend, defence, defensive, defender.
4. Cause, causative, causeless, causing.
Exercise 11. Give the English equivalents of the Russian words in brackets.
1. Blood carries oxygen from the lungs and delivers it to all (ткани тела).2. White blood cells are responsible primarily for (защита тела от инфекций). 3. Red blood cells (составлять)about 40% of the blood's volume. 4. Thrombocytes have an important role in (свертывание крови) and so they gather at locations of injury. 5. Blood plasma is a pale colored liquid, which constitutes 55% of blood fluid, is mostly water (92% of its volume), and contains (глюкоза, гормоны, углекислый газ) and blood cells themselves. 6. When the number of red blood cells is too low (anemia), blood carries less oxygen, and (развивается усталость и слабость).
Exercise 12. The answers to the following questions are the summary of the text. Answer these questions and give the summary of the text.
1. What type of connective tissue is blood?
2. What are the main components of blood?
3. What is blood plasma? What does it consist of?
4. What does blood plasma contain?
5. What is the main function of erythrocytes?
6. What happens if the number of red blood cells is too low?
7. What can happen if the number of red blood cells is too high?
8. What are leucocytes responsible for?
9. What is the role of thrombocytes?
10. What are the main functions of blood?
UNIT 7
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
VOCABULARY LIST TO TEXT A
| alveolus (alveoli) n | [ ˌælviˈəʊləs ] - laɪ] | альвеола (альвеолы) |
| breathe v | [ briːð ] | дышать |
| breathing n | [ ˈbriːðɪŋ ] | дыхание |
| bronchi n | [ ˈbrɒŋ.kaɪ ] | бронхи |
| bronchiole n | [ ˈbrɒŋ.ki.əʊl ] | бронхиола |
| bronchus n | [ ˈbrɒŋ.kəs ] | бронх |
| carbon dioxide n | [ ˈkɑː.bən daɪˈɒk.saɪd ] | углекислый газ |
| cilia n pl | [ ˈsɪlɪə ] | реснички |
| deoxygenated (blood) | [di ˈɒk.sɪ.dʒə.neɪtid ] | бедная кислородом (кровь) |
| duct v | [ dʌkt ] | направлять (через трубу) |
| epiglottis n | [ ˌep.ɪˈɡlɒt.ɪs ] | надгортанник |
| esophagus n | [ ɪˈsɒf.ə.ɡəs ] | пищевод |
| exchange v | [ ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ ] | обменивать |
| exhale v | [ eksˈheɪl ] | выдыхать |
| exhalation n | [ ekshəˈleɪʃn ] | выдох |
| inhale v | [ ɪnˈheɪl ] | вдыхать |
| inhalation n | [ ɪnhəˈleɪʃn ] | вдох |
| intake v | [ ˈɪn.teɪk ] | поступление, поглощение |
| larynx n | [ ˈlær.ɪŋks ] | гортань |
| minute adj | [maiˈnüt] | очень мелкий |
| mucus n | [ ˈmjuː.kəs ] | слизь |
| oxygen n | [ ˈɒk.sɪ.dʒən ] | кислород |
| pass v | [ pɑːs ] | проходить |
| pharynx n | [ ˈfær.ɪŋks ] | глотка, зев |
| release v | [ rɪˈliːs ] | высвобождать, выпускать |
| respiration n | [ ˌres.pɪˈreɪ.ʃən ] | дыхание |
| respiratory adj | [ rɪˈspɪr.ə.tər. ɪ ] | дыхательный |
| supply v | [ səˈplaɪ ] | снабжать |
| trachea n | [ trəˈkiː.ə ] | трахея |
| voice-box n | [ˈvɔɪs bɒks] | голосовой аппарат |
| wind-pipe n | [ ˈwind paɪp] | дыхательное горло (трахея) |
TEXT A
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM