Translate the sentences below paying attention to inversion
Shown in Fie. 2 is ... - На рисунке 2 показан ...
Example: Also plotted on this diagram are three different sets of values.
На этой диаграмме также нанесены три ряда величин. (Три ряда величин также нанесены на ...)
1. Included in these figures is the small amount of radiation reflected either back to space or down to Earth by the process known as scattering.
2. Among the disadvantages are the higher energy losses caused by absorption and reflection in the optical elements.
3. Surrounding this nucleus are electrons and their actual number depends upon the atom being considered.
4. Of considerable importance is the ambiguity of the terms noticed in the following examples.
5. Associated with these protons, however, is a variable number of neutrons, each having almost exactly the same mass as a proton but no electric charge.
6. Of particular concern (важность) is the substantial advance of science in ever developing area of magnetism.
7. Plotted in Fig. 2 are the results of a computational simulation with a sharp peak in the correlation function of ions in plasma.
TEXT 2
Nuclear Processes
Before reading the text below comment and discuss the following passage.
Radioactivity was discovered at the end of the nineteenth century. The next decades saw an increasing understanding of radioactivity as just one of several nuclear processes, along with nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The second half of the twentieth century saw increasing applications of these processes, in nuclear power and nuclear weapons, so that people talked of “the nuclear age”.
These processes were predicted following Einstein's development of his theories of relativity, with his famous equation AE = Amc2. Here we will look at fission and fusion processes as sources of energy and see how Einstein's equation can explain the release of energy that occurs during them.
Work in two groups.
Group I
1. You are going to read the text about Nuclear fission. Seven phrases have been removed from the text. Choose from the sentence a-h the one which fits each gap (1 – 7). There is one extra phrase which you don’t need to use.
a. and therefore are the most stable
b. because this allows one product to be closer to the energetic minimum near mass 60 u (only a quarter of the average fissionable mass)
c. once a fuel element has been used
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2. Match the notions and their meanings:
1.chain reaction a) the compound D2O composed of deuterium and oxygen —called also deuterium oxide
2.isotope b) something that is built, installed, or established to serve a particular purpose
3.gamma ray c) a source of danger
4.heavy water d) a series of events so related to each other that each one initiates the next
5.hazard e) a photon emitted spontaneously by a radioactive substance
6.half-life f) the time required for half of the atoms of a radioactive substance to become disintegrated
7.facilities g) any of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element with the same atomic number and nearly identical chemical behavior but with differing atomic mass or mass number and different physical properties
3. Find words in the text above which mean the following:
Verbs
1.to clash
2.to initiate
3.to generate/ cause/ prompt
4.to control/ command/ restrict
5.to change/ alter/ modify
6.to compose/ compile
7.to release/expel/ eject
8.to take in/ consume/ eat or drink
4. Make a list of collocations with the words below and use them in sentences of your own:
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