Listen to the introduction to the course. All the remarks are mixed up. Put them in the order they appear in the abstract. Use the grid below.

A …	On the other hand, it is important that members of a firm’s management are aware of the more sophisticated techniques they might call on to solve particular problems.
B …	But Harper & Grant Ltd., like their rivals, must get right up-to-date and enlarge their business.
C …	A small business cannot possibly afford to have on its staff experts in every modern management technique.
D …	Inevitably while this changeover from the old way to the new is taking place, there are often difficulties and conflict.
E …	It usually hires expert advice from outside consultants and bureaux.

1.	2.	3.	4.	5.

Exercise 4

Listen to the introduction once again. Answer the following questions and be ready to give a story line. Use the word combinations in brackets.

What are the present business activities of Ambrose Harper and Hector Grant?

(to start the company; to be in one’s fifties; to be semi-retired; to attend the board meetings; to keep an eye on the business)

How did Mr. Grant Senior manage to put the business on its feet?

(to start by making steel wastepaper bins for offices; a basket made of cane or straw; likelihood of fire; to capture a big contract; to supply government offices)

Why is it possible to draw a parallel between Wingate Grant and Napoleon?

(happy coincidence; to turn something into success or failure; to give somebody a higher command; to land a contract, to catch fire; to destroy a number of irreplaceable documents)

4. What are the different ideas of the ways to run business among the officials in Harper & Grant Ltd.?

(slow but steady growth; to know the best way to run a business; to join the company; to be appointed Sales Manager; to be adventurous; to treble business; to achieve something with modern business techniques; to increase exports)

What are the aids and tools of making business efficient?

(to modernise a business; to increase profitability and competitiveness; to be a complicated affair; to be aware of aids and tools of efficiency; electronic data processing; Operational Research; Discounted Cash Flow; budgetary control; corporate planning; Project Evaluation and Review Technique)

What are the peculiarities of running a small business?

(to have experts on the staff; to hire expert advice from outside consultants and bureaux; to be aware of sophisticated techniques; to solve particular problems; to get right up-to-date; to enlarge business; to be outpaced by somebody)

Exercise 5

Match the terms on the left with an appropriate explanation on the right. Fill in the grid below.

1.	board meeting	A	drawers or cupboards for storing records (letters, memos, etc.), usually filed in alphabetical order
2.	catalogue	B	the method of analysing and recording business information by means of computer
3.	chairman	C	a meeting of the Board of Directors, group of organisers in control of a business
4.	Electronic Data Processing (E.D.P.)	D	executive in charge of promoting sales of the firm’s goods
5.	filing cabinets	E	the top executive of a company, concerned with policy and long-range aspects. He presides at or chairs board meetings; hence his name.
6.	rival	F	the executive director in charge of the day-to-day running of a company
7.	Sales Manager	G	a group of persons working together
8.	staff	H	executive in charge of production of goods
9.	Managing Director	I	a person who competes with another for a prize, a reward, success, etc.
10.	Production Manager	J	a list of goods for sale, often illustrated

1.	2.	3.	4.	5.	6.	7.	8.	9.	10.

Exercise 6

Be ready to give a story line of the company. Use the word combinations mentioned above. Cover the following points:

1. The founders of the company.

2. The beginning of the company.

3. The products of Harper & Grant Ltd.

4. The plans of the management team.

5. Modernising a business.

6. A small business and its problems.

Unit 1

New Markets Are Vital

Phrase list

Listen to the tape and practise the pronunciation of the following words and word combinations, quote the sentences in which they are used in the unit. Consult a dictionary and translate them into Russian.

income per capita

to keep up with something

to convince somebody to do something / in something

to back somebody up

to be a waste of time and money for very little profit

the scheme to do something

the expense is worth something

an attempt to break into the market (to open up a new market)

the Board of Trade

to be liable for duty

shipping facilities

to be trans-shipped via Rotterdam