Данный лексический материал предназначен для того, чтобы студенты могли читать специальные тексты и подготовить монологическое высказывание по теме.

science наука

invention изобретение

to discover открыть

to explore исследовать

to investigate изучать

research исследование

to carry out проводить

achievement достижение

to perform выполнять

to guide управлять

space космос

spaceship космический корабль

shuttle шатл

to create создавать

to connect связывать

to communicate общаться

digital цифровой

Задания

Задание 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Scientists, Inventors and their Inventions

There have been great changes in the life and surroundings of people during the last century. Less than a hundred years ago many of the things that we do now were thought to be impossible. Progress in science and technology gave us an excellent opportunity to use such achievements of present civilization as radio, television, computers, cell phones, etc.

For example, radio, invented in the 19^th century by Popov, and television, invented by Rosing in the 20^th century, do not only bring pleasure and entertainment to our homes, but also used to perform a number of other jobs: help planes land in bad weather, direct the work of dozens of people simultaneously or guide flights of rockets or shuttles in space.

Now almost all this work is controlled by means of computers. It was von Neimann who created first computer in the middle of the 20^th century. Today every fourth man in the world has a personal computer at home. The Internet connects millions of people on our planet giving perfect opportunities to communicate and work. Step by step digital electronics takes up stronger position in the offices and at home: automatic washing machines, cameras, monitoring systems, modern equipment on plants and factories.

People have found the way of applying the atomic energy for peaceful purposes. Ernest Rutherford discovered that atom could be split and set free a tremendous amount of energy which is now used at nuclear power stations, submarines, large sea-liners and, unfortunately, in powerful weapons which can cause death and destruction on large territories.

New scientific discoveries are being made in the field of medicine. Several serious illnesses from which about 50 years ago people usually died, can now be cured quite easily. It is true that new diseases still appear and cannot be cured, but thousands of scientists all over the world are working at finding means to do away with them. Cloning parts of human body for transplantation is the thing Chinese doctors are concerned with.

Задание 2. Переведите на английский язык:

1. Научно-технический прогресс сделал многое возможным.

2. Очень трудно создать программу для управления полетом космического корабля.

3. Луи Дагер изобрел фотоаппарат в XIX веке.

4. Сейчас компьютеры широко применяются даже в автомобилях.

5. Когда был выпущен первый самолет?

6. Для завершения исследования нужно провести несколько экспериментов.

7. С помощью радио и телевидения в середине XX века ученые смогли сфотографировать и исследовать обратную сторону Луны.

8. Применение ядерной энергии сыграло важную роль в развитии науки и техники.

9. Наука помогла разработать современное оружие.

10. Ученые предсказывают землетрясения.

11. Знания необходимы людям, чтобы ориентироваться в изменяющемся мире.