The Management Structure of a British company

A typical British company consists of three groups of people: the shareholders, the management, and the workforce. The shareholders own shares in the company. Shares are bought by people as an investment. The management governs the workforce, that is the people who are employed by the company.

At the top of the company is the Board of Directors. The Chairperson (or President) heads the Board. The Board of Directors takes policy decisions and determines the company's goals and strategy.

The Board of Directors appoints a Managing Director (or Chief Executive Officer). Very often the same person holds the positions of the Chairman and the CEO. A public limited company must have two directors and a private one. The Managing Director is responsible for the running of the business. The Director gives instructions to a General Manager who exerts control over managers of departments.

Senior managers are at the head of the various departments, for example, Finance, Marketing, Production, Public Relations, Personnel, Research and Development. They are called a Finance Manager, a Marketing Manager, a Production Manager, a Public Relations Manager, a Personnel Manager, a R&D Manager respectively. Other companies may have a Sales Department, an Export Department, a Logistics Department, a Staff Department, etc. These Departments are headed by a Sales Manager, an Export Manager, a Logistics Manager, and a Staff Manager respectively. The middle management is controlled by senior management. Every company has a secretary.

11. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:

Акционеры, управление; рабочая сила; совет директоров; председатель; управляющий делами; директор-распорядитель; заведующий производством; заведующий отделом кадров; отдел научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ; открытая компания с ограниченной ответственностью; частная компания.

12. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What three groups of people make up a British company?

2. What do we call a body of people governing the company?

3. What do we call the official who heads the Board of Directors?

4. How is a Managing Director appointed?

5. What departments may be included in different companies?

What do we call managers of these departments?

13. Опишите структуру управления одной из российских компаний или организаций.

Вариант 4

1. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение слова that:

1.I recognized those people at once. 2 "You are going on business." - "That's not right." 3. The secretary said that the director was not available. 4. "Hello. Is that Mr. Smith?" - "Speaking." 5. The news was so important that the family began discussing it. 6. The climate here is like that of Germany.

2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения слова one:

1. I studied many schemes, but I liked only one. 2. His one aim in life is to become an economist. 3. I don’t like your old suit, buy a new one. 4. One can see a lot of interesting things in this museum.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на значения местоимения it:

1. It's none of your business. 2. It's raining hard. 3. It's cold in winter. 4. It is nearly three o'clock. 5. It seems to me that his income is very low.

4. Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, определите видо-временную форму глагола сказуемого:

1. I have just seen my friend. 2. He will have done his homework before his father returns home. 3. The firm had delivered the goods by May.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Определите в предложениях видо-временную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого:

1. The latest data on the economic development of the country have been published. 2. The documents had been prepared before the meeting began. 3. The money will have been transfered by the end of the year. 4. His office is located in the City of London.

6. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на многозначность глагола to have:

1. Mrs. Brown had a small hotel. 2. He has got a lot of friends. 3. I have been going out with this girl for a year. 4. My brother has just sold his car. 5. You have to do this at once.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива:

1. To discuss the terms and conditions of our contract is the reason I’m here. 2. Could you tell me where the cafeteria is, please? 3. My aim is to hire good workers. 4. I like to travel abroad. 5. Mr. Black was the first to congratulate his boss on his promotion. 6. We have come here to discuss our proposal.

8. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на бессоюзное подчинение придаточных предложений:

1. I’m sure you are right. 2. The secretary told the visitor the director was busy. 3. This is the man I told you about. 4. I presented my sister with the book she wanted to read. 5. My friend said I was wrong.

9. Перепишите следующие слова и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на способы словообразования:

Remake, dislike, impossible, badly writer, sailor, fulfilment, building, graduation, decision, darken, criticize, harmful, helpless, dirty; to laugh – a laugh, a head – to head; armchair, dark-eyed.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык следующий текст:

Advertising

Advertising is the activity of informing people about goods and services and showing their advantages in order to persuade people to buy them.

Advertising promotes products, services, and ideas in mass media, such as television, radio, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet. Radio or television advertisements are called commercials, they are included in different programmes and shows. People can see advertisements on billboards, posters, in video films. Potential buyers are sent leaflets, brochures and catalogues by mail. Letters, brochures, leaflets, catalogues, E-mail and fax advertisements are direct-marketing media.

Nowadays the Internet is widely used as a sales tool. Webusers can see a lot of advertisements on the Internet. These advertisements are called banners. Webusers find banner ads on home pages, webzines, bulletine boards. Cyberstores offer everything from cars to sightseeing tours.

Advertisements are paid by a person or company offering goods or services. The advertiser controls the information about the product, the timing and repetition on TV or on the radio.

Advertising campaigns are usually organized and carried out by professionals. Successful companies have effective advertising departments. A lot of advertising agencies are engaged in the promotion of different products. As a result of a properly organized advertising campaign, a lot of potential buyers get the message and go to the shop or institution providing certain goods or services.

Traditionally, advertising is subdivided into product advertising and institutional advertising. The former aims at the promotion of a particular product. Product advertisements persuade people to buy a particular brand of goods. Advertisements for soft drinks, foods, chewing gum, toothpaste, tights, diapers, cars are examples of product advertising. The latter type of advertising creates an organizational image, a good reputation of a company.

Notes:

billboard – рекламный щит

webusers – пользователи сети Интернет

banner – баннер, реклама в Интернет

webzine – сетевой журнал

bulletine board – доска объявлений

cyberstore - сетевой магазин

the former…, the latter… первый…, последний (из двух вышеупомянутых)

11. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:

Реклама; товар(ы); преимущества; средства массовой информации; реклама по радио или телевидению; по почте; средства прямого маркетинга; пользователи сети Интернет; реклама в Интернет; предполагают; отделы рекламы; хорошо организованная рекламная компания; определенная торговая марка.

12. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What is advertising?

2. What does advertising promote?

3. What products do cyberstores offer?

4. Who organizes advertising campaigns?

5. What types is advertising subdivided into?

13. Опишите деятельность отдела рекламы одной из компаний.

Вариант 5

1. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на значение слова that:

1. That man is my boss. 2. "Would you like to look through the catalogues?" - "Yes, that's it." 3. The secretary answered that the manager was tied up (занят). 4. Look at that smart car! 5. The message was so urgent that the secretary informed the director immediately. 6. Your plan is interesting, but that of your colleague is better.

2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения слова one:

1. One hundred employees work for the company. 2. She is the one person to do this job. 3. This diskette is unusable, take a new one. 4. One must be thrifty if one wants to be rich.

1. It's nobody's business. 2.1 began to snow at 3 o'clock. 3. It's hot in summer in the Rostov region. 4. It is 10 o'clock sharp (ровно). 5. What is the date? It is the tenth of August.

4. Переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, определите видо-временную форму глагола сказуемого:

1. The letter has been typed already. 2. They will have fulfilled the task by the end of the month. 3. My colleague said the he had left his keys on the table.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Определите в предложениях видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого:

1. The prices have been increased. 2. The fax hadn't been sent yet when the manager asked about it. 3. The present will have been bought by the time you return from abroad. 4. The contract is being examined by our experts now.

6. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на многозначность глагола to have.:

1. He has got a bank account. 2. The company has its headquarters in New York. 3. We have been studying English for five years. 4. I have never heard of it. 5. They have got to return home. 6. Let’s have a celebration.

7. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива:

1. To provide good services is the law of our company. 2. Could you tell me where the telephone is, please? 3. The purpose of my visit to the USA is to master my English. 4. I’d like to speak to Mr. Stevenson. 5. Jim was the first to telephone me. 6. We are here to visit the trade fair.

1. I’m afraid you haven’t given any statistical data. 2. I hope our products will sell well. 3. He did all he could. 4. This is the girl I told you about. 5. The doctor understood the patient was feeling better.

9. Перепишите следующие слова и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на способы словообразования:

Reconstruct, dissatisfy, indefinite, quickly, author, computer, government, landing, situation, conclusion, lengthen, realize, dreadful, fatherless, witty; to run – a run, dust – to dust; apple-tree, blue-eyed.

10. Прочитайте и письменно переведите на русский язык следующий текст:

Internet and Business

The Internet, a global computer network, is widely used in business. Сommercial users communicate on-line and this communication is very cheap.

Many businessmen send and receive e-mail messages. Important information is incorded. Some American banks and companies carry out transactions over the Internet.

An increasing use of Web technology is demonstrated by General Electric. This famous company uses the “Extranet”. The “Extranet” is the company’s direct link with its customers. Thanks to this technology, General Electric makes over a billion dollars a year in sales.

The Web has a lot of cyberstores which sell different products – cars, household appliances, clothes, books, etc. These stores also offer vacation cruises and different services. You can see banner ads on home pages, “webzines” and bulletin boards. Buying from cyberstores is cheaper than from conventional stores. A web vendor can give you a discount. And though customers pay for shipping, they save sales tax.

Some experts say that at present selling on-line is not very profitable. Many companies trying to do business on the Web are not making a lot of money. They are working for the future, in hope that trade on-line will become everyday practice. Now companies and customers are only getting used to the Web as a marketplace. Buyers do not trust Web sellers yet.

Notes:

on-line - зд.: в Интернете

e-mail = electronic mail - электронная почта

a cyberstore = a store on the Internet - Интернет-магазин

a webzine - Интернет- журнал

the Web = the WWW = the World-Wide-Web – глобальная гиперсистема Интернет, всемирная паутина

a banner = an Internet advertisement – баннер, реклама в Интернет

a bulletin board – доска объявлений

11. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты следующих слов и выражений:

Глобальная компьютерная сеть; сообщения по электронной почте; осуществлять сделки; прямая связь; покупатели; домашние приборы; морские круизы; рекламные объявления в Интернет; журнал в Интернет; доска объявлений; сетевой продавец; скидка; налог на продажу; покупка в Интернете; только привыкают; не доверяют.

12. Письменно ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. Do many businessmen use e-mail?

2. What is the “Extranet”?

3. Is Web-commerce profitable?

4. Have you got a computer?

5. Do you use the Internet at work or in your studies?

13. Напишите об использовании сети Интернет в учебном процессе в вузе.

Контрольное задание № 4

Чтобы правильно выполнить задание №4 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса грамматики английского языка:

1. Функции глаголов to do и to be.

2. Инфинитив в функции определения.

3. Инфинитивные обороты: объектный инфинитивный оборот, субъектный инфинитивный оборот.