Общие методические указания для выполнения домашней контрольной работы

Каждое контрольное задание предлагается в двадцати вариантах. Вы должны выполнить один из двадцати вариантов в соответствии с последними цифрами шифра. Выполнять письменные контрольные работы следует в отдельной тетради, оформив надлежащим образом обложку.

Контрольные работы должны выполняться аккуратно, чётким почерком. При выполнении контрольной работы оставляйте в тетради широкие поля для замечаний преподавателя.

Материал контрольной работы следует располагать в тетради по следующему образцу:

Левая страница	Правая страница
поля	Иностранный текст	Русский текст	поля

Контрольные задания должны быть в той последовательности, в которой они даны в работе.

Выполненную контрольную работу направляйте для проверки и рецензирования в колледж в установленные сроки.

Таблица распределения вариантов домашней контрольной работы

Предпосл. цифра шифра

Задания для домашней контрольной работы.

Вариант 1

I. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Выпишите слова с окончанием -s и определите, чему оно соответствует:

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. The tank of our car contains only five liters of petrol.

2. A man’s home is his castle.

3. They tried to find elements heavier than the last element in the Periodic Table.

II. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, поставив прилагательные в скобках в нужной по смыслу форме; укажите степень сравнения прилагательных:

1. Health and happiness are (important) than money.

2. Don¢t worry. My salary is as (hiqh) as yours.

3. It was (good) holiday l’ve ever had.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите все глаголы и укажите их видовременную форму, залог и инфинитив.

1. The wave of privatization in the UK was considered to be a significant economic decision of the state.

2. At last he understood the importance of everything.

3. The poetic name of Ireland is Western Land.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1.If the orqanization¢s processes are integrated, the goals will be achieved.

2.He looked about in surprise, so did I.

3.We know market to be a place where commodities are sold and bought.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

The Small Business

Today small businesses are the heart of the market economy. There are a great number and variety of small businesses. People become owners and operators of small business firms in one of three ways: start a new firm, buy a franchise, buy or inherit an existing firm.

Small firms have been established to do just about any kind of business imaginable. They have been established to manufacture and distribute goods, to sell them at retail, and, of course, to provide all kinds of needed services. Some serve only the local community, while others function in national and international markets.

The vast majority of small firms concentrate on selling material products, although an increasing number of firms provide a service. Although an increasing number operate in local markets, services, too, are exported. In recent years there has been a great increase in the export of services, such as management consulting, medical, and technological services.

The existence of a strong, healthy small business community has always been recognized as the best way to preserve competition, prevent monopolistic control of any industries, and thus assure the population of the benefits of competition through better prices and quality products. Incentives have been provided to assist small firms. The government of the US created the Small Administration (SBA) in 1954 to provide financial, management, and procurement assistance for small firms.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 2

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. My mother is about my father¢s age.

2. He became interested in computers from the fifth form.

3. You cannot believe everything he says.

1. Although she is very popular, she is not (pretty) than her sister.

2. The painting by Rafael is (valuable) in my collection.

3. Mary is as (young) as Ann.

III. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Подчеркните и выпишите все глаголы и укажите их видо-временную форму, залог и инфинитив.

1. Now she is travelling round Europe.

2. One theory was developed by A. Maslov.

3. Over the years, the Paris Club has become a key instrument in implementing the international debt strategy.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. This approach may easily be shown to be far more productive.

2. We know of the earth behaving as a large magnet.

3. You¢re supposed to be home by six.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Findinq the Riqht Market

It only makes sense that, before you go after new customers or bring a product or service to market, you should sure the product or service has a market. Likewise, you should know who has a desire and need for your product or service. This means digging up all the information you can - about present and potential customers, about the competition, and about the image people have of your company, product, or service. This brings us to three highly important words in marketing - demographics, psychographics, and geographics.

Demographics provides the most frequently used information. It includes data about age, sex, occupation, income, race, religion, family size, level of education, and nationality.

Psychographics gets personal. It gives psychological characteristics. It zeroes in on the behaviour that reveals people¢s personal values, self concepts, interests, opinions, and lifestyles. It tells, for instance, why people buy certain products over those of the competition, how often they make such purchases, and whether they are impulse buyers or planned purchasers.

Geographics is particularly useful for direct-mail programs. With geographics, a target market is defined by its location - a neighbourhood, city, or state, or sometimes according to population density (urban, suburban, or rural market, for example).

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 3

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. The students were given a lot of work to do last month.

2. I don¢t know Eddy¢s telephone number.

3. She never comes to work in time.

1. Moscow is (large) than St. Petersburg.

2. It was (bad) cold l¢ve ever had.

3. The Russian grammar is (difficult) than the English one.

1. A memorial complex was set up in Khatyn in 1969.

2. Yet reform has been slow and seldom successful.

3. She gave me a friendly smile.

IV. Перепишите и письменно перевeдите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. You would be able to hear me if the TV weren¢t so loud.

2. When studying market economy we have to understand that business enterprise is the very heart of private property and market relationships.

3. I used to work every day.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Is Privatization Succeeding ?..

One should make a clear distinction between Hungarian and Russian privatizations. Hungarian privatization was basically a spontaneous process in which the managers actually gained control. To some extent that differs from the Russian process which was a voucher privatization program. To push it through, it seemed politically expedient to give preferences to enterprise insiders. Although one can never be sure about numbers in a country of that size, we did a very extensive survey in Russia, and it appears that 60-70% of Russian enterprises are insider-controlled, meaning managers and workers own over 51% of the shares.

Nevertheless, enough people have benefited from these reforms to make them irreversible. I do not think the Russian government could renationalize the newly privatized enterprises. This would not be politically easy, and I doubt anyone would ever attempt it.

On the other hand, it is not clear that privatization has established in Russia a market environment with reasonable assurances of medium-term growth and a rapid increase in the number of people benefiting from it. The reason for this is that the transfer of shares to enterprise insiders has had a number of undesirable consequences. For example, it has created an environment in which trading is very difficult because enterprise insiders are reluctant to sell, fearing for their jobs.

There is an interesting paradox in all this. In order to push privatization through, insiders of state enterprises had to be given ownership preferences. However, the program has failed to create the kind of institutions that would guarantee a hospitable market environment.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 4

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. I have to take this medicine five times a day.

2. He usually sleeps until ten.

3. Tomorrow¢s match is going to be very exciting.

1. He is (polite) than you.

2. London is one of the (big) cities in the world.

3. What (good) present is there than a box of sweets?

1. By the end of March, l will have written 15 essays.

2. We went to Malta in May.

3. The tomatoes are growing really well this year.

IV. Перепишите и письменно перевeдите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. If you had asked me to help you l would have done this with pleasure.

2. There are lots of books for you to read.

3. Several reasons underlie this choice.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

International marketing

Stated simply, international marketing is marketing across national boundaries. Since the end of World War II, improved travel communications, and technology have fostered a tenfold increase in trade among nations.

A company choosing to enter international can achieve many benefits, but can also encounter many difficulties.

The main reason for companies to do international marketing is to exploit a better business opportunity in terms of increased sales and profits. Either fims are limited in their home country or their opportunities are great in the foreign countries.

Many companies find themselves little room for growth in their domestic market. Competition may increase and leave a smaller portion of the pie to enjoy, or demand may shift to a newer, better product. The economic environment in the home country may be undesirable because of higher taxes or a recession. It would seem logical to turn to other markets in any of these cases. So foreign markets may offer an opportunity for growth. A product that is mature and facing dwindling sales at home may be new and exciting in other countries.

Among the conditions that influence the success of international marketing are economic, political, legal and cultural ones.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 5

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. His brother, who is a millionaire, works for Microsoft.

2. This is the combination of the two types of supercharged privatizations.

3. This is Browns¢ cottage.

1. He was the (small) boy in our class and we called him ”Tiny”.

2. This column is as (high) as that one.

3. Your work is much (good) than l thought.

1. Last year they were training for the Olympics.

2. She¢s always been invited to parties.

3. We¢ll order a taxi to take us to the opera.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. Experience teaches that it would not be possible to eliminate inflation entircly.

2. If they finished their work quickly, they would go home early.

3. It seemed that it was a sensible solution.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Satisfying Consumer Needs

Marketing doesn¢t stop with ideas obtained from discovering consumer needs. Since the organization obviously can¢t satisfy all consumer needs, it must concentrate its efforts on certain needs of a specific group of potential consumers. This is the target market, one or more specific groups of potential consumers toward which an organization directs its marketing program.

There are many possible ways to satisfy the needs of target customers. A product can have many different features and quality levels. Service levels can be adjusted. The package can be of various sizes, colours, or materials. The brand name and warranty can be changed. Various advertising media - newspapers, magazines, radio, television, billboards - may be used. A company¢s own sales force or other sales specialists can be used. Different prices can be charged. Price discounts may be given, and so on. With so many possible variables, is there any way to organize all these decisions and simplify the selection of marketing mixes? The answer is yes.

Having selected the target market, the firm must take steps to satisfy the consumer¢s needs. Someone in the organization¢s marketing department, often the marketing manager, must take action and develop a complete marketing program to reach consumers by pulling a combination of four levels, often called the four Ps.

- Product: a good, service, or idea to satisfy the consumer¢s needs.

- Price: what is exchanged for the product.

- Promotion: a means of communication between the seller and buyer.

- Place: a means of getting the product into the consumer¢s hands.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 6

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. My parents’ farm is near the Canadian border.

2. Here you can see most of the famous actors.

3. She often makes a mess of everything.

1. Belarus is (important) trading partner of Russia.

2. The (early) you get up the more you can do.

3. This film is not so (interesting) as that one.

1. The train leaves at 12.

2. It will have stopped raining by noon.

3. Internet is becoming more available.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. He insisted on the contract being signed immediately.

2. The payment of debts must not be delayed.

3. Who is this smiling girl?

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Economy of Belarus

Belarus has a well-developed economy. Industry accounts, for 46 percent of GDP; trade and other services 41 percent; and agriculture 13 percent.

Belarus is relatively poor in terms of natural resources. The country has small reserves of petroleum and natural gas but remains dependent on Russia for most of its oil, gas and energy. Belarus, however, possesses one of the world's largest reserves of potassium salts. The country is also a world leader in the production of peat.

Belarus is a highly developed industrial country. The main industries include machine building, instrument making, chemicals, oil refining, electronics, transport vehicles and tractors. Belarus manufactures computers, metal-cutting tools, watches, motorcycles and bicycles, refrigerators, television sets and others. Heavy industry is the most highly developed sector of the economy. Machine-building industry produces various types of tractors and lorries.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 7

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. The American high school offers a wide variety of courses.

2. The Dickenses’ house is very large.

3. There are many toys in this box.

1. It is not so (cold) today.

2. British aerospace industry is one of (large) in Western Europe.

3. (Long) day has an end.

1. They have sold more units this year than last year.

2. The accident happened 10 years ago.

3. This magazine was bought by Shvetsor.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. To enter this market requires a lot of hard work.

2. The engineers must test the system to be used.

3. You’re supposed to be at home by seven.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Economy and Economics

The words «the economy» and «the economics» are words we hear or read almost every day. But what is meant by the economy? What is an economy?

The economy is a social, constantly changing mechanism. The economy means a system for the management, use and control of labour, land, natural resources, money, goods and other resources of a country which are usually called the factors of production.

And what is economics? It is difficult to give a full and accurate definition of economics, but it is possible to indicate what problems economists are interested in. They are factors that affect prices of goods and services and also resources necessary to produce them. Economists are also interested in «sellers» and «buyers», behave our in the market, in the relationship between «price system» and «market mechanism».

Thus, economics is a social science studying economy. This is a science that deals with production, distribution and consumption of commodities.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 8

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. The students come here from 30 countries.

2. She rings me up every morning.

3. He is my sister’s friend.

1. Is the Volga (long) than the Don?

2. Today service industries are (important) sector of the USA.

3. Nick is as (young) as Paul.

1. There will be much work tomorrow.

2. When was London University founded?

3. Economics deals with the problems of scarcity and choice.

IV. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения:

1. Supply of goods is not enough to meet the demand requirement.

2. I don’t think this product is worth advertising.

3. He is known to be writing a new novel.

V. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

UК economy

The United Kingdom is one of the most highly industrialized countries. In terms of gross national product (GNP) it ranks fifth in the world. Most of the GNP comes from manufacturing (iron and steel, engineering, textiles, chemicals, food products and consumer goods).

Britain has rich mineral deposits: petroleum, coal, and natural gas. Oil production has allowed Britain to become self-sufficient in petroleum and accounts for over 5% of Britain's annual GNP.

Agriculture, one of Britain's most important industries, supplies nearly two-thirds of the country's food. The United Kingdom has about 240.000 farms. Many British farmers practice mixed farming- that is they raise crops and animals. Britain is self-sufficient in milk, eggs, meat, potatoes and wheat. But it imports butter, sugar, and some other agricultural products.

The UK is a leading trading nation. Most of the UK trade is with other developing countries. The value of Britain's imports of goods usually exceeds the value of its export.

VI. Поставьте и запишите 5 вопросов разных типов к тексту.

Вариант 9

а) имени существительному в притяжательном падеже;

б) имени существительному во множественном числе;

в) глаголу 3-го лица единственного числа в Present lndefinite:

1. The teacher’s book is on the table.

2. There are two objections to this method.

3. Ann plays the piano well.

1. The Western side of Britain is (wet) than the eastern.

2. Cattle, hogs are (important) livestock raised in Belarus.

3. It was (good) day off I’ve ever had.

1. Today many individuals and families are starting small businesses.