Positive body language
eye contact to keep audiences' attention (though Asian audience might feel aggressed.)
facial expressions should be natural and friendly. Don't forget to smile.
raise eyebrows to show surprise
open eyes wide
squint your eyes
knit your eyebrows to show consternation or puzzlement
posture – stand straight but relaxed (do not slouch or lean)
movement - to indicate a change of focus, keep the audience's attention
move forward to emphasize
move to one side to indicate a transition
gesture
up and down head motion or other movements to indicate importance
pen or pointer to indicate a part, a place (on a transparency).
shrug of the shoulders to indicate "I don't know!"
hands - back and forth = two possibilities, more or less
arm - movement back, forth
Negative body language
loss of eye contact: looking at notes, looking at screen, at the board, at the floor
don't stare, or look blankly into people's eyes
swaying back and forth like a pendulum
back turned to the audience
nervous ticks
hands in pockets
VI. Voice and Pronunciation
Correct pronunciation is important if one is to be understood correctly. Incorrect pronunciation is perhaps the first cause of communication breakdown. If the listener is not accustomed to the speaker’s native language, he/she will not understand a mispronounced word. Mispronunciation also tires the listener’s ear and he/she will perhaps even stop trying to understand the speaker if it becomes too difficult.
The voice, or more precisely the qualities of the voice, should be used to its/their fullest. Qualities include loudness, speed (fast or slow), variety, pitch (high or low), silent moments or pauses. The voice is important:
to indicate importance, meaning
to create atmosphere and to avoid sounding monotonous and putting the audience to sleep!
ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ
Обучениеиностранному языку в экономическом вузе носит многоцелевой характер: с одной стороны, формирование у студентов способности и готовности к межкультурной коммуникации, с другой – необходимость овладения стратегиями иноязычного профессионального общения.
Авторвыражаетнадежду, что данное пособие послужило хорошей основой для дальнейшего формирования у студентов навыков и умений иноязычного общения, для расширения их кругозора и развития культуры мышления, а также для формирования навыков самостоятельной работы.
Автор желает студентам дальнейших успехов в изучении иностранных языков!
List of Literature
1. Matthew Bishop. Economics. An A-Z Guide. The Economist in association with Profile Books LTD, 2009
2. The Eurosystem. European Central Bank, 2008
3. Dieter Gerdesmeier. Price Stability: Why Is It Important for You?European Central Bank, 2008
4. John Black, HigarHashimzade, Gareth Myles. Oxford Dictionary of Economics. Oxford University Press, 2012
5. Paul Harvey, Rhodri Jones. Britain Explored. Pearson Education Limited, 2007
6. Christopher Garwood, Guillermo Gardani, EddaPeris. Aspects of Britain and the USA. Oxford University Press, 2009.
7. Lidia Raitskaya, Stuart Cochrane. Macmillan Guide to Economics. Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2007
8. Paulene Cullen. Cambridge Vocabulary for IELTS. Cambridge University Press, 2011
Internet sources:
URL:http://www.ecb.europa.eu
URL:http://www.ehow.com
URL:http://www.toptenz.net
URL:http://www.deu.edu.tr
URL:http://www.britannica.com
URL:http://www.usa.usembassy.de
URL:http://www.englishschool.ac.cy
URL:http://www.intellectuals.ru
URL:http://www.globalreporting.org
URL:http://www.s-cool.co.uk
URL:http://www.angelstartups.co.uk
URL:http://www.ecb.int
URL:http://www.askmen.com
URL:http://www.el.mdu.edu.tw
URL:http://www.career-success-for-newbies.com
URL:http://www.encyclopedia.com
URL:http://www.princetonreview.com
URL:http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com
Благодарности
Данное учебное пособие – плод труда не только автора, но и коллектива кафедры «Иностранные языки» Финуниверситета. Хотелось бы выразить особую благодарность заведующей кафедрой Седовой Т.В., доцентам Николаевой Т.Н., Матявиной М.Ф., а также старшим преподавателям Калининой О.К. и Мещеряковой О.В. за ценные советы и рекомендации, которые очень помогли автору при создании пособия.
Следует отметить, что некоторые разделы пособия были созданы при непосредственном участии студентов факультета МЭО (Iи IIкурсов), которые оказали автору техническую поддержку, а также были первыми, кто ознакомился с содержанием учебного пособия.
Contents
| Предисловие | |
| Unit I | |
| Part 1 History of the US Economy | |
| Part 2 Top Ten Issues Facing our Youth Today | |
| Unit II | |
| Part 1 Basics of Economics | |
| Part 2 Education in the US | |
| Unit III | |
| Part 1 Market, Types of Economies | |
| Part 2 Choosing a University Course | |
| Unit IV | |
| Part 1 Competition | |
| Part 2 Strengths and Weaknesses of a Student | |
| Unit V | |
| Part 1 Money: History and Functions | |
| Part 2 Money and the Meaning of Life | |
| Unit VI | |
| Part 1 Forms of Money | |
| Part 2 Student’s Success | |
| Unit VII | |
| Part 1 Inflation, Deflation and Price Stability | |
| Part 2 From College to Career | |
| Unit VIII | |
| Part 1 History of English Clearing Bank | |
| Part 2 Career: Economist | |
| Unit IX | |
| Part 1 Globalization | |
| Part 2 Why Learn Languages? | |
| Unit X | |
| Part 1 The European Union | |
| Part 2 21ST Century Education | |
| Appendix I | |
| Appendix II | |
| Appendix III | |
| Заключение | |
| List of Literature | |
| Благодарности | |
| Contents |