Notary Service

There are many notary offices in our country. Their task is to check the legality of all transactions or documents they witness and to give legal advice and to render assistance to institutions, enterprises, organizations and individuals in protecting their legitimate interests. In doing so, notary offices establish identity, legal capacity and legal ability of the parties concerned, and the authenticity of their documents.

The notaries and the entire staff of the notary offices are bound to keep all the matters they handle or come across in performing their duties, professional secret.

Their duty also consists in helping applicants to make wills, in drawing deeds of gift, conveyance, purchase and sale. They attest wills, deeds and writings; verify copies of documents; certify translations of documents into foreign and native languages.

Besides, they make measures to guarantee the safety of the property left by deceased persons, and they issue certificates granting the right to inherit this property.

3. The Prosecutor's Office

The Prosecutor's Office in the tsarist Russia was established in 1722. The Russian Prosecutor's Office was founded in 1922. It exercises general supervision over observance of laws. Its main function is to see that all laws are correctly and uniformly applied throughout the country.

Any citizen of the Russian Federation can complain to the Prosecutor's Office against violation of his/her rights. Any citizen of the Russian Federation can complain to the Prosecutor's Office against violation of his/her rights. A prosecutor also has the right to appeal against all unlawful decisions and actions of state organs and officials.

The Prosecutor's Office institutes criminal proceedings and investigates criminal cases. Investigators ascertain the circumstances under which crimes were committed, collect evidence against the perpetrators of crimes and their accomplices. Then courts try the cases submitting to them by the Prosecutor's Office, and the prosecutor brings a charge before the court in the name of the state. After the trial the prosecutor checks the sentences and judgments handed down by the court as to their legality. He has the right to enter any appeal if in his opinion the sentence or judgment is erroneous.

Police

Police is the organization which is responsible for the safety of the public. Itmust provide full degree of security for the society and its citizens.Its tasks are: to maintain public order; to combat, investigate and preventcrime; to protect personal safety of citizens; to protect state, public,municipal, private and other forms of property; to regulate traffic, etcThe police is now divided into the Criminal police and the Service ofPublic Security.

When information about a committed crime is got, an investigative operative group goes out to the crime scene. The group usually consists of an inspector on duty, an investigator, a field-criminalist, a medical expert. If necessary, some other experts join them. At the crime scene members of the group find, collect and protect evidence (fingerprints, footprints and other traces of the criminal act) by means of investigative technique. They take pictures of the crime scene,

make diagrams, etc. In short, they try to reconstruct the happening as to "what, when, how, why and who". The crime scene examination is usually ended with drawing up a record.

Questions on the topic:

1. What is one of the most popular professions nowadays? 2.How can you explain it? 3. What higher schools train lawyers? 4.Where can graduates of law schools work? 5. What professions of lawyers do you know? 6. What is necessary to become a good lawyer? 7.Why is it very important to know human psychology? 8. What profession of a lawyer have you chosen and why? 9. Where do you want to work after graduation from the Academy? 10. What will be your duties?