Have something on good authority
to be able to believe a piece of information because you trust the person who told you it:I have it on good authority that she's getting married.
Tax(тАкс) authority an organization with official responsibility for collecting taxes:If you have more than one property, you must notify the taxauthorities in writing.
Noun Authorization –аthоризЭйшен official permission for something to happen, or the act of giving someone official permission to do something:Medical records cannot be disclosed without authorization from the patient.[+ to infinitive] The authorization to sell the shares arrived too late.
Verb authorize to give official permission for something to happen, or to give someone official permission to do something:Who authorized this expenditure?[+ to infinitive] I authorized my bank to pay her £3,000.
downtown - дAунтаун -
adjective \ noun \ adverb
in or to the central part of a city:downtown Los Angeles \ a downtown address \I work downtown, but I live in the suburbs(сАборбс окрестности). \ The hotel is situated two miles north of downtown.
toward - тувОдc
Toward (Us) - тОрд
(MOVEMENT)
in the direction of, or closer to someone or something:She stood up and walked towards him. \ He leaned towards his wife and whispered, "Can we go homesoon? \ "She kept glancing towards the phone. \ The country seems to be drifting towards war. \ There is a trend towards healthier eating among all sectors of thepopulation.
(RELATION)
B2 in relation to something or someone:They've always been very friendly towards me.There has been a change in government policy towards energyefficiency.He feels a lot of anger/hostility/antagonism/animosity towards his father.A lot of people think that most newspapers are biased towards oneparticular political party.
(POSITION)
C1 near to, just before, or around a time or place:Our seats were towards the back of the theatre.I often get hungry towards the middle of the morning.We're getting towards winter and it's getting dark earlier.
(PURPOSE)
C1 for the purpose of buying or achieving something:I'm saving up to buy a car, and Dad has given me somemoney towards it.Would you like to make a contribution (= give some money)towards a present for Linda?The work that students do during the term counts towards theirfinal grade.
Shortage - шОтидж
noun [C] a lack of something needed:There is a severe shortage of low-cost housing in the city. \ There's a shortage of food and shelter in the refugee camps. \The long hot summer has led to serious water shortages.
Severe -сэвИр
adjective (VERY SERIOUS)
causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, damage, etc.; very serious:a severe chest infection/leg injury/toothache \ This is a school for children with severe learning difficulties. \ In parts of Africa there is a severe food/water shortage. \ There is expected to be a severe frost tonight. \ Severe cutbacks in public spending have been announced. \ The government's programme to grow cash crops for export is a double-edged sword because it has created a local food shortage.
adjective (NOT KIND)
not kind or sympathetic; harsh:severe criticism \ The headteacher spoke in a severe voice. \The president is currently facing severe criticism.There are severe penalties for failing to declare all your income to the Inland Revenue.
adjective (PLAIN)
› often disapproving completely plain and without decoration:She wore a severe black dress, and plain black shoes.I don't like these severe modern buildings.
extreme or very difficult:This will be a severe test of our strength.
Hang – хаЭн
verb (ATTACH AT TOP)(FIX AT TOP)
› [I/T] to attach or support something at the top, leaving the other part parts free, or to be held in this way:[I] There was no wind, and the flag hung straight down.[T] I plan to hang this picture in the hall. \ Hang your coat and hat (up) on the rack over there. \ Hang the pheasant/Let the pheasant hang for a few days for theflavour to improve before you cook it.
(KILL)
› [I/T] past tense and past participle hanged to kill someone by fixing a rope around the neck and tying it to something above the person and then causing the body to drop down suddenly:[T] He was sentenced to die and was hanged the next morning.
(STAY)
› [I] to stay in the air:Smoke from the campfires hung in the air.
(TURN)
› [T] infml to turn to the left or right:Hang a left/right at the next corner.
hang your head
› to be ashamed or unhappy:We played a great game – we have no reason to hang our heads.
hang in there said as a way of telling someone to not give up, despite difficulties:Work can get tough in the middle of a term but hang in there and it'll be OK. \ Hang in there – exams are almost over.
hang on to wait:Hang on – I’ll be with you in a minute!
Hang back
(HOLD) to hold or continue holding onto something:He was driving so fast I had to hang on tight whenever he turned.
hang around with sb to spend time with someone:I got into drugs because I was hanging around with the wrongpeople.
Sentence - сЕненс \ сЕнтенс
noun [C] (WORD GROUP)
A1 a group of words, usually containing a verb, that expresses a thought in the form of a statement, question,instruction, or exclamation and starts with a capital letterwhen written:He's very impatient and always interrupts me mid-sentence.Your conclusion is good, but the final sentence is too long andcomplicated.
noun [C] (PUNISHMENT)
B2 a punishment given by a judge in court to a person or organization after they have been found guilty of doing something wrong:He got a heavy/light sentence (= he was severely/not severely punished).The offence carries a jail/prison/life/five-year sentence. \ He was given a non-custodial/suspended sentence.
Pronounce sentence
› (of a judge) to say officially what a punishment will be:The judge will pronounce sentence on the defendant this afternoon.
Verb to decide and say officially what a punishment will be:He was sentenced to life imprisonment.
Apparel - апЭрл
mainly US clothes of a particular type when they are being sold in a shop:sports apparel
Tend - тенД
verb (BE LIKELY)
[I] to be likely to behave in a particular way or have a particular characteristic \ to be likely to happen or to have a particularc haracteristic or effect::[+ to infinitive] We tend to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country. \ We tend to eat at home. \ Children tend to be like their parents. \ The British traditionally tend not to display much emotion in public. \ Things tend to get lost when you move house.
verb (CARE)
[T] to care for something or someone:He carefully tends his garden all summer.
tend to sb/sth to deal with the problems or needs of a person or thing:Nurses tended to the injured.
Rehearsal - рехЁсл
a time when all the people involved in a play, dance, etc. practise in order to prepare for a performance:They didn't have time for (a) rehearsal before the performance. \ He's a producer with three plays in rehearsal.
Rehearse to practice something, such as music or a speech, or lead a person or group in practicing it, in order to prepare for a public performance:[I] We rehearse all day and do the show that evening.
Forfeiture - фОрфича
the loss of rights, property, or money, especially as a result of breaking a legal agreement:He was deep in debt and facing forfeiture of his property.
Forfeit - фОрфит
Verbto lose the right to do or have something because you have broken a rule:If you cancel now, you forfeit your deposit. \ These people have forfeited the right to live in society.
Nounsomething that you have lost the right to do or have because you have broken a rule
Adjectivetaken away from someone as a punishment
carry sth out
to do or complete something, especially that you have said you would do or that you have been told to do:Dr Carter is carrying out research on early Christian art. \ The hospital is carrying out tests to find out what's wrong with her. \ Our soldiers carried out a successful attack last night. \ It is hoped that the kidnappers will not carry out their threat to kill the hostages. \ Don't blame me, I'm only carrying out my orders/instructions.
carry sth over to use or do something at a later time than planned:The performance has had to be carried over to/till next week because the repairs to the theatre aren't finished yet.
carry sth off to succeed in doing or achieving something difficult:I thought he carried off the part of Hamlet with great skill. \ She was nervous about giving a talk to her colleagues, but she carried it off very well.
carry sth through to complete something successfully:It is doubtful whether it will be possible to carry through the education reforms.
Provide провАйд
(SUPPLY)
[T] to give someone something that they need:This booklet provides useful information about local services. \ All meals are provided at no additional cost. \ The author provides no documentary references to support her assertions. \ We have concerns about whether the government will be able to provide viable social services for poorer families /provide poorer families with viable social services. \ Putting more police on patrol doesn't provide a real solution to the problem of increasing violence.
verb (LAW)
› [+ that] formal (of a law or decision) to say that something must happen if particular conditions exist:Section 17 provides that all decisions must be circulated in writing.
verb (GIVE)
› [T] to give something that is needed or wanted to someone:The company provides medical benefits to all employees.I can provide you with directions to their house.
provide for someone \ somebody to give someone the things needed to live:The men must learn to provide for themselves once they’veleft the halfway house \ He has a wife and two young children to provide for.
Criticism - крИтисизм
the act of saying that something or someone is bad:The designs for the new mosque(моск-мечеть) have attracted widespread(вайдспреад - широкораспространенный) criticism. \ I have a few criticisms to make about your speech.
Criticism is also a careful discussion of something in order to judge its quality or explain its meaning:[U] art criticism
Criticize - to express disagreement with or disapproval of something or someone:
[ I/T ] It’s a lot easier to criticize (a plan) than to offer useful suggestions.
EMPHASIS - Эмфэсис
the particular importance or attention that is given to something:I think we should put as much emphasis on preventing disease as we do on curing it.Schools here put/place/lay great emphasis on written work and grammar. \ Too much emphasis is placed on the desirability of being thin. \
The school puts a lot of emphasis on teaching children to read and write.
You can never place enough emphasis upon the importance of safety.
Words are sometimes italicized for emphasis.
She placed the emphasis on the word 'soon'.
the extra force that is given to a word or part of a word when it is spoken:The emphasis is on the final syllable.Where do you put the emphasis in the word "controversy"?
emphasize - Эмфасайс to state or show that something is especially important or deserves special attention:She emphasized the importance of good nutrition.
resign ризАйн
to give up a job or position by telling your employer that you are leaving:He resigned from the company in order to take a more challengingjob. \ She resigned as director.She resigned the directorship.
resign yourself to sth to make yourself accept something that you do not like because you cannot change it:[+ -ing verb] He resigned himself to living alone. \ She seems resigned to losing the race.
Cutting - кАтин
noun [C] (ARTICLE)
UK US clipping an article that has been cut from a newspaper or magazine
(DIVIDED PIECE)