МУ для организации самостоятельной работы с текстом

1.Прочтите заголовок текста.

2.Выпишите незнакомые слова.

3.Определите по формальным признакам синтаксическую функцию как известных, так и неизвестных вам слов.

4.Сделайте предварительный перевод заглавия, заменяя незнакомые слова неопределенно - личными местоимениями.

5.прочтите текст, определите его тему двумя - тремя словами.

6.Прочтите еще раз первый абзац.

7.Подумайте, встречаются ли в первом абзаце слова заглавия. Помните, что известные слова могут быть представлены синонимами или описательно.

8.Посмотрите, есть ли в абзаце слова, близкие по форме неизвестному слову.

9.Определите, одинаковы ли подлежащее абзаца и подлежащее заголовка.

10. Определите, одинаковы ли сказуемые (дополнения) в абзаце и заголовке.

11. Читайте следующие абзацы, выписывая из них законченные в смысловом плане отрезки, содержащие слова заглавия.

12. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, полученные отрезки в двух- или трехсоставные предложения так, чтобы известные слова выполняли одну и ту же синтаксическую функцию.

13. Сравните главные члены и дополнения в полученных предложениях. Убедитесь в том, что в заглавии было выражено незнакомым вам словом, а в полученных предложениях в роли сказуемого появились слова, известные вам. То же относится к подлежащему и дополнению

Пример работы с текстом:

Текст

The last bus to Donington - on - Bain

John Tryer reports on the local problems of a national crisis - how people without cars can move about in the country.

Last Monday the little village of Donington - on - Bain, deep in the Lincolnshire woods, lost its last contact through public transport with the outside world. Once Donington (pop. 236) boasted its own railway station. That closed a generation ago, and on April I the two bus services, to Lincoln in one direction and Louth in the other, were withdrawn. Now the villagers of Donington, a third of whom do not own a car, face a three-mile treck for the nearest bus route.

Lincolnshire is not a good bus country, with the population scattered around in little pockets over the flat, rich farmland.

The buses have to cover long distances from place carrying don’t make enough money on these journeys, and that even using the money they make on the busy routes to pay for the less busy ones they can’t make ends meet. So they back the services. There are fewer buses. Fewer people find the service they need.

What are they going to do when the services stop? It game as a shattering blow to Donington - on - Bain. “They’ve got no right to leave us here without a bus” said Eva Traves, a 56 year - old housewife who has lived in the village for 36 years. “We’ve ever such a lot of elderly people here. How are they going to get out?”

“My husband Ron was in hospital at Louth recently and I visited him every day. I couldn’t do that now, unless somebody took me in their car. The nearest bus is at South Willingham, three miles away.”

Donington’s local councilor, Charles Turner, was one of the first to be hit by lost service. Unlike Ron Traves, who rides on a scooter to the meetings in the Louth this week.” Turner says that some 35 per cent of the Donington people, especially in the old people’s bungalows and the council houses, do not have a car.

All hope, however, is not lost. Louth Rural District Council is trying to persuade a local firm to run a bus service to and from Donington two days a week. The trouble is that it will not do so unless the council underwrites the costs at the rate of € 7 a day. The Council has refused, but its clerk, Bryan Spence, is trying to talk the firm into haying a few experimental runs to see what happens.

Unless something is done, the drain of people from villages to the towns will continue, which cannot be healthy. If there are more people in the villages it will be easier to justify buses to them. Many councilors seem to cling to the mistaken belief that all villagers are two - car families when in fact many do not even have one.

Предтекстовый этап

1. Would you improve your reading skills?

a) Read and underline the word which is the same as the first one given^

last lost told bold

list told

lots hold

last cold

b) Here is a series of two expressions. They are sometimes different. Go through the list and when the expressions are different, underline the word that differs in the second expression:

bus services bus services

well paid well said

old looking cold looking

one-way one day

few passengers a few passengers

the drain of people the train of people

he’s hit by the lost service he’s hit by the lost servant

who lives in the village? who leaves for the village?

they can’t make meet they can’t make ends meet

c) Find the word which means the same things as the word mentioned:

carry run little large wood oak

take big tree

drive small forest

ride nice land

2. a) Will you read the following passage and find 4 words with the suffix “tion” in it? What effect does the suffix have on the meaning of the words?

Once, Donington (population 236) had its railway station. That closed a generation ago, and on April I the two bus services, to Lincoln in one direction and Louth in the other, were withdrawn.

b) In the first sentence you can see the word “villager”. Can you find another word formed in the same way?

Now villagers of Donington face a three - mile treck for the nearest bus route. Donington’s is local councilor was one the first to be hit by the lost service.

c) Will you read the sentences and find the equivalents of the following words:

cut back…

The last two bus services were withdrawn.

thrown about…

Lincolnshire is a country with the population scattered around in little pockets over the flat, rich farmland.

taking:…

The buses have to cover long distances from place to place carrying only a few passengers at a few passengers at a time.

3. Read the following passage and select the appropriate link-words from the list given below:

All hope…¹, is not lost. South Rural district Council is trying to persuade a local firm to run a bus service to and from Donington two days a week,…². Is that it will not do so…³ the council underwrites the costs at the rate of €7 a day. The council has refused,…⁴ its clerk is trying to talk the firm into having a few experimental runs.

1 2 3 4

thus The only result on the condition if but

however As a matter of under the circum- however

in this way fact stances yet

in addition The trouble unless and

this

4. The title, the first sentence and the first words of each paragraph of an article have been given below. Pick the points that you think are mentioned in the article.

The last bus to Donington - on - Bain

Last Monday the little village of Donington - on - Bain, deep in the Lincolnshire woods, lost its last contact through public transport with the outside world.

Lincolnshire is not a good bus country… .

The buses have to cover… .

But what … .

It game as… .

Donington’s local councilor… .

All hope, however… .

Unless something is done… .

The article tells us/mentions:

- about one of the local problems of a national crisis

- that the fact mentioned in the article be a tragedy with the villagers

- that the situation doesn’t seem to improve soon

- how people without cars can’t move about the country

- how the little village lost its last contact through public

- what problem the villagers of Donington face

5. Work in groups of two.

a) Look at the following word combinations and think of a story that might combine them all. You may reoder them in any way you want to using any form of the verb:

to lose a contact, two bus services, to make ends meet, to cling to the mistaken belief, to be withdrawn, to carry a few passengers at a time, to be hit by the lost service, the drain of people from the villages to the towns, to persuade a local firm.

b) When you have decided upon the story, tell the story to your partner. Then listen to that of your partner. Ask each other as many questions as you can to learn further details or clarify some points.

Текстовый этап

1. Read the text “The last bus to Donington - on - Bain” and a) underline the sentences that best sum up the main idea of each paragraph; b) reorder the words according to what happens in the passage. When you have finished, discuss the order you decided on with other groups.

2. Would you mark the position where Donington - on - Bain is on a map? Indicate all the roads and neighboring cities mentioned in the text, please. (Дается контурная карта.)

Послетекстовый этап

1. Please, complete the following statements with phrases:

1.The last bus services to the little village of Donington - on - Bain were withdrawn because… (there are a few passengers at a time; there are passengers; there are no buses; there are few people in the village)

2. The villagers need the bus service badly because …(not all of them have a car; they have a three-mile walk to the bus; some people travel by bus; they haven’t got any other transport)

3. Louth Rural District Council is trying to persuade a local firm to run a bus service to and from Donington … (every day, every other day; two a week; from time to time)

4. The local firm wants the Council to underwrite the costs at the rate of €7 a day and the latter…(has agreed; doesn’t know what to do; is discussing the problem; has refused)

5.The drain of people from the villages to the towns will continue if…(all the villagers haven’t got a car; public transport is withdrawn; the villages are situated far from the railway station; the living conditions of the villagers are improved)

2. Answer the following questions, selecting the right answer:

1. Who wrote this text? (author’s name and occupation)

2. What is the aim of the message? (informing; teaching; entertaining)

3. What is the author’s intention in this messages? (There may be more than one answer.) (to amuse the reader; to predict what the future of an English village; to criticize society; to teach us something about life in the future)

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the problem he describes? (indifference; sympathy; pity; admiration; anxiety; detachment hiding concern; criticism)

5. Do you think the article its aim? Why? (yes; no; probably; perhaps)

Вопросы для самоконтроля

1.Что является показателем инфинитива?

2.Как переводится на русский язык Future Indefinite Tense?

3.Когда употребляется Future Indefinite Tense?

4.Как узнать в тексте сказуемое, стоящее в Future Indefinite Tense?

5.Какое место в отрицательном предложении занимают вспомогательные глаголы shall и will?

6.Что обозначает глагол в Passive Voice?

7.Дайте общую формулу образования Passive Voice.

8.Как образуется вопросительная форма с глаголом в Passive Voice?

9.Как узнать глагол в Present (Past, Future) Passive Voice?

10. Какие предлоги стоят перед дополнением в предложении с Passive Voice?