Operation and maintenance instructions

Starting (the centrifugal pump and axial How pump)

1) Open the suction check valve wide, opening at the same time the air vent on the top side.

2) Close the air vent as soon as liquid flows out of it.

3) Start the motor leaving the discharge valve closed.

4) Check that direction of rotation is as indicated by the arrow.

5) Slowly open the discharge check valve until operating requirements are reached.

6) Check on the ammeter that power requirements do not exceed. the motor possible rating.

7) Check tightness of the packing gland. Leaks must be reduced to a few drops which is required to prevent harmful heating of the packing and the shaft.

During operation

The pump output is to be controlled by operating on the discharge valve and never on the suction valve which must always remain wide open.

Stopping

After switching off the motor close the suction and the discharge valves of the pump.

IRREGULARITIES, THEIR CAUSES AND REMEDIES

Notes:

loss потеря
trouble, obstruction помеха, препятствие
to deliver подавать, доставлять
insufficient недостаточный
to result from возникать в результате
partially частично
passage проход
to rupture прорывать, разрывать
to eliminate устранять
capacity производительность
leakage течь
stuffing box корпус сальника
Symptom: Cause: Remedy:
  Reciprocating pumps  
Loss of suction 1) Obstructions in the suction line. Check suction valves.  
  2) Air in the system. Open the air cocks vents on the liquid end valve chest, leave them open until water flows out.
     
  Centrifugal pumps  
A pump doesn't deliver any liquid 1) Air in the pump case.   Let the air flow out.  
  2) Insufficient speed of the pump. Check the electromotor, bearings and gland box.
  3) Excessive large pressure resulting from a partially clogged valve or some obstruction in the discharge line. Check the valve and adjust it.  
  4) Clogged impeller passages. Stop the pump and clean the impeller.
  5) Ruptured suction line. Stop the pump, eliminate leakages in the suction line.
A pump operates at insufficient capacity 1) Air leakage into the suction line or stuffing boxes.   Eliminate leakages.  
  2) Mechanical defects such as worn wearing rings, impellers, stuffing box packing or sleeves. Stop the pump, find the trouble and correct it.

Lesson 12. AIR COMPRESSOR

Notes:

troubleshooting выявление повреждений
to reduce уменьшать, снижать
considerably значительно
filling заполнение
occasionally изредка, время от времени
afterwards впоследствии
circumstance обстоятельство
o.-ring уплотнительное кольцо
connection связь, соединение
gasket прокладка
sealing surface уплотняющая поверхность
deposits отложения
flow rate расход
visible видимый
further далее, затем, зд: сильнее
deformed деформированный
double двойной
adjoining plate прилегающая (примыкающая) пластина
volume объем, размер
to decrease уменьшать
respective соответствующий
hole отверстие
to apply применять
opposite side противоположная сторона

Maintenance and operating troubles and remedy

Maintenance involves the usual checks and overhauls common to reciprocating machinery, e.g. crankcase oil level, cooling water system, operating temperatures and pressures, etc. The suction and delivery valves are most troublesome. These valves automatic requiring a small pressure differential to operate.

The constant rapid opening and closing action of the valves may require seats to be refaced. Overheating, use of incorrect lube oil or the presence of dirt may result in sticking or pitting of the surfaces. The suction and delivery valves should be stripped and all parts carefully cleaned and examined and worn parts replaced and the valve seat and plate lightly lapped before reassembly, to ensure a good seal.

HEAT EXCHANGERS. PLATE TYPE.

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