The Use of the Articles with the Names of the places and organizations
| Определенный артикль the | Нет артикля | ||
| исторические события | the French Revolution, | ||
| названия политических и общественных организаций | the Senate, the Houses of parliament, the United Nations, the police, the Government | NATO, Parliament, Congress | |
| общественные и исторические здания, церкви | The Bank of England, The Winter Palace, The Tower of London | Westminster Abbey, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Buckingham Palace | |
| документы | the Constitution | ||
| политические партии | the Labor Party, the Tory | ||
| газеты и журналы | the Times, the Washington Post | Pravda, Der Spiegel | |
| сеть магазинов, компании | General Motors, Sony, Shell | ||
| корабли, поезда, космические корабли | the Titanic, the Orient Express | Apollo, Challenger | |
| театры, кинотеатры | The Globe, the Bolshoy, the Odeon, the Arbat | Her Majesty’s | |
| музеи | The British Meseum, the Hermitage, the Tate Gallery | ||
| парки | Hyde Park, St. James’s Park | ||
| школы, колледжи, университеты | The University of London | Carnegy College, London University, Manchester Grammar School | |
| гостиницы, рестораны | The Hilton, the Cage Royal | Leoni’s, Brown’s | |
| станции, аэропорты | Heathrow, Sheremetyevo | ||
| названия стран, штатов, улиц | Yorkshire, Texas, Oxford, High Street | ||
Some Peculiarities of the Article Usage
| No article | The | a | Set expressions | |
| Months, days | May is a spring month. | We’ll always remember the May of 1945. | A cold May is a usual thing in St.Petersburg. | |
| Seasons | I like winter. It was early spring. | It happened in the spring of 1930. | It was a beautiful spring. | |
| Day, night, morning, evening, afternoon | Day is meant for work, night for sleep. | The night was warm and beautiful. | I spent a sleepless night. | By day/ by night; At night/ at dawn/ daybreak/ sunrise/ sunset/ noon/ night; From morning till night; In the morning/ evening/afternoon; |
| Languages | She knows English well. | The English of America differs from the English of Great Britain. | What is the English for …? | |
| Meals (lunch/dinner/ tea) | Did you have dinner? | The dinner we had today was very tasty. | After a heavy breakfast we started for … | To have breakfast/dinner/ supper |
| No article | According to the rule | |
| School/ college/ university | To be at school/college/university To go to school/college/university To leave school/college | To go to the school To leave the school (the building is meant ) |
| Church | In church/ at church | The church was built in … There is a church in the city. |
| Prison/ jail | To be in prison To be sent to prison To be put in prison | Ken went to the prison to visit his brother. |
| Bed | To go to bed/ to be in bed/ to stay in bed/ | Her portrait was on the wall beside the bed. There is a bed… |
| Work | To go to work/ to be at work/ to start work | I like the work I’m doing. |
| Home | To go home/ to come home/ to be at home/ to stay at home/ to feel at home | An orphans home/ a nursing home/ a maternity home |
| Town | To town/ in town | I was to go to the town I was born in. |
| Hospital | To go to hospital/ to be in hospital | When Ann was ill we went to the hospital to visit her. |
DEGREES OF COMPARISON OF THE ADJECTIVES
1Short adjectives (1syllable)2 Short adjective with the 2 type of reading
| comparative | superlative | comparative | superlative | |||
| +er | +est | +er | +est | |||
| cheap | cheaper | cheapest | big | +g +er = bigger | +g +est = biggest | |
| young | younger | youngest | fat | +t +er = fatter | +t +est = fattest | |
| short | shorter | shortest | slim | +m +er = slimmer | +m +est = slimmest | |
| wide | wider | widest | hot | +t +er = hotter | +t +est = hottest | |
| small | smaller | smallest | thin | +n +er = thinner | +n +est = thinnest |
3. Adjectives ending iner, ow, etc 4.Adjectives ending in y (2 syllables)
| comparative | superlative | comparative | superlative | |||
| +er | +est | +ier | +est | |||
| clever | cleverer | cleverest | easy | easier | easiest | |
| narrow | narrower | narrowest | heavy | heavier | heaviest | |
| shallow | shallower | shallowest | early | earlier | earliest |
Exceptions
| good | better | best |
| bad | worse | worst |
| far | Further, farther | Furthest, farthest |
| much/many | more | most |
| little | less | least |
| old | Older, elder | Oldest, eldest |
5 Adjectives ending onous, ing, ful, ed ( 2 syllables) and long adjectives (3/4 syllables)
| comparative | superlative | |
| More + adjective | Most + adjective | |
| boring | more boring | most boring |
| famous | more famous | most famous |
| modern | more modern | most modern |
| polite | more polite | most polite |
| tired | more tired | most tired |
| expensive | more expensive | most expensive |
| comfortable | more comfortable | most comfortable |
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