Match the food preservation method with its appropriate description
31. Benzoates, nitrites, or sulphites either stop bacterial activity or kill bacteria.
a salting
b pasteurization
c fermentation
d chemical preservation
32. Yeast produces alcohol, which kills bacteria.
a refrigeration & freezing
b canning & sealing
c fermentation
d chemical preservation
33. Sodium chloride draws out the moisture and creates conditions which are not favourable for bacteria.
a refrigeration & freezing
b dehydration
c salting
d canning & sealing
Read the microtext and fill in the gaps with the appropriate words. (task from 34-36)
The principle behind food preservation is to slow down the34) ___ of bacteria which could potentially cause 35) ____, or to kill bacteria completely. In addition, enzymes which cause food to discolour or decay can be36) ___ in certain food preservation methods.
34. a existence b life c activity d spoilage
35. a new product b conditions c tests d disease
36. a destroyed b found c filled d prepared
37. Choose the statement from A, B, C, D that applies to the content.
People are eating more and more fish. To meet rising demand, fish are increasingly being cultivated in fish farms. Aquaculture is the fastest-developing branch of the global food industry, with annual growth of nine per cent. This rapid rise is also pushing up demand for fish feed, producers of which are facing a formidable challenge, because the supply of fishmeal and fish oil – important ingredients in feed – is dwindling. They are set to be replaced by crops such as soya, maize and rape, but the trouble with these is that feed pellets made from them might contain pesticides. To protect consumers, there has to be a way to test fish bred in captivity for pesticide residues, but this has not been possible up to now. While techniques known as metabolism studies are already used to test how the active ingredients in pesticides accumulate and break down in ruminants, poultry and pigs, these techniques are not suitable for use with fish. Germany’s Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety has let it be known that urgent action is required. Now scientists at the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME in Schmallenberg have developed a system to test whether chemical substances accumulate in fish that are fed contaminated feed.
a A fish is tested to be safe food.
b Fish feed is an important factor.
c New ingredients of fish food.
d Metabolism is a well-known technique.
Read the text and fill in the gaps with the derivatives of the given words. (task from 38-43)
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein was a German born physicist and the most revolutionary physical 38) ___ since Isaac Newton. Einstein changed the way physicists view the universe and transformed the way we all see the world. People are often surprised to learn that Einstein did not do well at school. After leaving school at the age of fifteen with no diploma, he finally finished his 39) ___ in Switzerland. After this, he got a job as an examiner in a patent office. While working there, he began publishing in scientific journals. In 1905, Einstein published five 40) ___ papers. Together, these papers began a revolution in physics. In short, they created modern physics. But this was just the 41) ___. . In 1907, Einstein had what he later called “the happiest thought of my life.” The thought eventually led him to develop the ‘General Theory of Relativity’ – the theory that forever changed our 42) ___. of the nature of space and time. This theory was so incredible that other physicists have called it ‘probably the greatest 43) ___ ever made’.
38. a scientific b science c scientist d sciences
39. a education b educable c educate d educed
40. a remarks b remarkable c remark d remake
41. a beginner b beginning c began d begin
42. a understanding b understand c understable d understood
43. a discover b discovering c discovery d discovered
Translate the sentences from English into Russian. (task 44-47)
44. A deep fryerhas one or more stainless steel tanks, which contain fat to deep-fry and also drain the food when ready.
45. The tanks can run on gas or electricity.
46. To be a major player in the field of life sciences, focusing on the core disciplines: biology, food and environmental science, land use and natural resource management as well as associated aesthetic and technical subjects.
47. Fruit and vegetables are also low in fat and calories so they help reduce the risks of heart disease, diabetes.
Translate the sentence from Russian into English. (task 48-50)
48. Необходимо хорошо знать приемы обработки сырья и полуфабрикатов, технологии приготовления блюд из мяса.
49. Кулинар может заставить некоторые виды бактерий, и микроорганизмов «трудиться» на себя — например, при приготовлении кислого молока, теста, виноградного вина, уксуса, пива, кумыса и др.
50. В двенадцать - четырнадцать лет я беззаветно увлеклась географией и немного биологией, а также химией и физикой.
PART IV
ТЕСТЫ ДЛЯ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ 260800.62 «ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПРОДУКЦИИ И ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОГО ПИТАНИЯ»