Proper Site Selection for a Thermal Power Plant
You might think that selecting a site for a thermal power plant is based on requirements of power of the nearby regions but it is not so in actual practise. The engineer needs to take dozens of factors into account before commencing such a project and here is a list of the same. Selecting a proper site for a thermal power plant is vital for its long term efficiency and a lot many factors come into play when deciding where to install the plant. Of course it may not be possible to get everything which is desirable at a single place but still the location should contain an optimum mix of the requirements for the settings to be feasible for long term economic justification of the plant.
As the name implies the power plant is meant for generating power which obviously means that it will consume huge quantities of fuel. The exact quantity would depend on the size of the plant and its capacity but it is a general fact that ample quantities of fuel must be available either in the vicinity or it should be reasonably economical to transport the fuel till the power plant. Since most thermal power plants use coal (they can use other fuels as well) it must be ensured that sufficient coal is available round the clock. Just to give you a rough idea a power plant with 1000 MW capacity approximately would require more than ten thousand tons of coal per day hence the necessity for continuous supply and storage capability of coal in the power station. Ash is the main byproduct of combustion and since the amount of coal used is huge, you can intuitively imagine the amount of ash generated and it is certainly in the region of thousand tons per day. Ash is much more difficult to handle as compared to coal since it comes out hot from the boiler and is very corrosive in nature. Disposing of such huge quantities of ash requires a large amount of empty space where it can be safely dumped.
There must be ample space for the storage of coal, disposal of ash, building of the power plant, residential colony of workers, markets and so forth. An approximate analysis suggests that for every MW of power generated there must be at least 3 acres of land available for the purpose. Hence the power plant site needs to have good amount of land and this land should have good bearing capacity in order to survive the static and dynamic loads during the operation of the plant.
Large amount of water is required for cooling purposes in the power plant hence it is better if such a source is available nearby in the form of rivers.
Apart from these major requirements there are also other requirements which are equally important such as the availability of skilled people to work for the plant and good transport facilities in the vicinity.
Hence we see that setting up a thermal power plant requires a lot of factors to be considered simultaneously.
2.Переведите на русский язык следующие английские сочетания:
1)power consumption graph
2)power units
3)calorific value
4)coal source
5)respective circuits
6)main grid
7)high voltage transmission
8)to install the plant
9)storage capability of coal
10)good transport facilities
3.Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты следующих словосочетаний:
1)незаменимый ингредиент (составляющая)
2)электрический ток
3)самый широко используемый
4)камера сгорания котла
5)горячие выхлопные газы
6)механическая энергия
7)отдаленные места
8)экономически оправдано
9)биопродукт сгорания
10)приблизительный анализ
4.Найдите в тексте слова, имеющие общий корень с данными словами. Определите, к какой части речи они относятся, и переведите их на русский язык:
Nationality, replacement, helpful, qualified, facilitate, requirement, survivor, consideration, watery, purposeful.
5.Задайте к выделенному в тексте предложению все типы вопросов (общий, альтернативный, разделительный, специальный: а) к подлежащему, б) к второстепенному члену предложения.
6.Выполните анализ данных предложений, обратив внимание на следующие грамматические явления:формы и функции причастия, независимый причастный оборот, формы и функции герундия, герундиальный оборот, инфинитивные конструкции (сложное дополнение, сложное подлежащее), существительное в роли определения, функции слов one (ones), that (those), условные предложения (сослагательное наклонение 1 и 2 типов):
1.Normally it is a practice to store coal for upto one month usage if the power plant were situated at a sufficient geographical distance from the coal source the region wouldn’t be immediately affected.
2.As the name implies the power plant is meant for generating power which obviously means that it will consume huge quantities of fuel.
3.Large amount of water is required for cooling purposes in the power plant hence it is better if such a source is available nearby in the form of rivers.
4.Thermal power plants are known to be an indispensable ingredient in the mix of power units of a country.
5.Now we can answer you how the energy hidden within the ordinary coal is harnessed through the use of a thermal power plant to light our homes and industries.
7.Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:
1.What is a thermal power plant?
2.What does calorific value depend on?
3.How is a steam engine driven?
4.What is selecting a site for a thermal power plant based on?
5.What should be done for long term economic justification of the plant?
6.What type of fuel do most thermal power plants use?
7.What is the main byproduct of combustion?