Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the adjective in brackets.
| A: | Jim and I decided to move to the country. |
| B: | Really! Why is that? |
| A: | Living in the country is 1) _____ (quiet) than living in the city. The city is very 2) _____ (noisy). |
| B: | Yes, that’s true. However, living in a small town isn’t as 3) _____ (interesting)as living in a big city. |
| A: | Yes, you’re right. Living in the country may be 4) _____(boring) but at least life is much 5) _____ (peaceful). |
| B: | And it’s also 6) _____(healthy)I suppose because there is no pollution. Do the kids want to move to the country? |
| A: | Actually, we are moving to the country for the children. Small towns are 7) _____ (safe) than large cities. |
| Unit 7 Farm Work in Different Seasons | |
| Vocabulary in Use Farmer’s Year Crop Farming Language Focus Present Continuous Tense |
Vocabulary In Use
1. Find the Ukrainian equivalents in the right-hand column for the following:
| 1) natural resources 2) plant diseases 3) field of wheat 4) chemical fertilizer 5) cow manure 6) fertile soil 7) harmful insects 8) crop farming | a) шкідники b) хвороби рослин c) родючий ґрунт d) хімічне добриво e) природні багатства f) землеробство g) поле пшениці h) коров’ячий гній |
2. Match the synonyms:
| Insect seed crop soil manure harvest barn | earth plant yield bug shed grain dung |
3. Put the words into the corresponding column:
fruit, an insect, vegetables, a combine harvester, berries,
a tractor, a bug, a harrow, aphides, cereals, a plough.
| Crops | Pests | Equipment |
| fruit | ..... | ..... |
Fill in the correct word.
| Earth | ground | land | soil |
1) Deep snow covered the . . . . . . . .
2) After a few days at sea it was good to be back on . . . . . .
3) Wheat prefers fertile clay . . . . . .
4) The . . . . . is the third planet from the Sun.
Match the verbs used to describe different agricultural activities with their definitions.
| 1) to plant 2) to harvest 3) to water 4) to spray 5) to plough 6) to weed | a) to dig and turn over a fields or other area of land b) to pour liquid on plants c) to put seeds in the ground to grow d) to remove unwanted plants from the ground e) to cover plants with very small drops of liquid f) to cut and gather crops |
Match the beginning of the sentence from A with its ending from B.
A
1) The farmers plough the soil with ...
2) To grow well the young plants need ...
3) Farmers must water the vegetable fields ...
4) When the vegetables are ready, ...
5) They are packed into boxes and taken to ...
6) Shopkeepers buy the vegetables ...
B
a) ... to sell in their shops.
b) ... they are picked.
c) ... sun and rain.
d) ... the vegetable markets to be sold.
e) .... a tractor to get it ready for the seeds.
f) ... if there is not enough rain.
READING AND speaking
7. Read and translate paying attention to the active words and phrases.
Farmer’s Year
The farmer’s yearbegins in spring as soon as the ground can be ploughed - usually around March. It’s time to prepare the soil for planting. First, the farmer fertilizes his field with cow manure or a chemical fertilizer. Then he ploughs the soil, turning it over and mixing in the fertilizer to provide a rich soil for the crops. Later, when the days are a little longer and the sun has warmed the soil, it is time to plant the seeds. Now the farmer has to wait until green shoots peep through the earth.
In summer the farmer cares for the young plants. He waters them, especially when the weather is dry and hot. The famer watches carefully for signs of plant disease and attacks of insects. Many farmers spray their fields with chemicals to keep away disease and harmful insects. It’s impossible to grow good crops without weed control. With water, sun, care and protection the plants grow strong and healthy. Depending on the crop, harvests may start in summer or early autumn. Some crops, like alfalfa and hay, can be harvested early enough to plant and harvest another crop in the same growing season.
Harvest time is the busiest time of the year. In autumn the farmers have to work quickly. Often it is necessary to call in extra workers to work in the fields and bring in the crops. Work starts when the sun rises and finishes when the sun sets. The days are hard and long. But when the job is done, it is time for celebrating, for dancing, eating, drinking and having fun.
In winter the days are getting shorter and shorter. The farmer sells harvested crops in the markets or stores them in the barns, ready to feed the animals through the winter months. The farmer repairs agricultural machines, buys the seeds to be planted next season. Winter is the time for planning, for deciding where and what to plant next year. For soon it will be spring again and the cycle of planting, growing, and harvesting will start again.
Answer the questions.
1) Spring is the time for gathering crops, isn’t it?
2) What does the farmer do in the fields in spring?
3) What does he fertilize his fields with?
4) Why is it necessary to plough the soil?
5) What does the farmer do in summer?
6) Why do many farmers spray their fields with chemicals?
7) What is the busiest time of the year?
8) What do farmers do in autumn?
9) When does work start and finish?
10) What does the farmer do in winter?
9. What kinds of work do farmers perform in different seasons? Complete the table with the activities given below:
| Spring | Summer | Autumn | Winter |
| prepare the soil for planting | . . . . . . . | . . . . . . . | . . . . . . . |