In the London Underground
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Attendant (A)
T: Which way do I go to Swiss Cottage, please?
A: Take the District to Charing Cross, and then get the Bakerloo.
T: Which platform do I want?
A: Follow hose signs, sir. You can't go wrong.
T: Thank you.
A: That's all right.
Going to Leicester Square
Characters: Same as above.
T: How do I get to Leicester Square, please?
A: Take the Central to Tottenham Court Road, and then change to the Northern Line.
T: Where do I go now?
A: Take the escalator on your right.
T: Thanks.
A: Not at all.
Meeting a Friend
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Traveller's Friend (F)
T: Where shall I meet you?
F: How'11 you be coming?
T: Tube from Hampstead.
F: Tottenham Court Road, then.
T: What Mime?
F: Is a quarter past twelve too early for you? We`d better not be much Hater.
T: No, that's all right. Where about will you be?
F: Near the escalator.
T: Down below, do you mean?
F: No, in the booking-office.
T: All right; see you then.
Going to Russell Square
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Attendant (A)
T: Can you tell me the best way to get to Russell Square, please?
A: Yes, sir. You want the Northern (Line) to Leicester Square, and then you change on to the Piccadilly Line.
T: Which way do I go first?
A: Go straight down the stairs and turn left at the bottom.
T: Thank you very much.
A: That's O.K.
Going to White City
Characters: Same as above.
T: Which line do I take for White City?
A: White City? Oh, yes. Take the Victoria to Oxford Circus, and change to the Central. It's the eighth station from Oxford Circus.
T: How do I get down to the train?
A: Take that lift over there.
T: Many thanks.
A: Not at all.
On the Train
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Traveller's Friend (F)
T: Do you want to sit by the window?
F: Yes, but with my back to the engine. Let's put our cases on the rack.
T: Right. Careful! ... How long does it take to get to Brighton?
F: Exactly an hour. It's non-stop.
T. Would you mind if I opened the window?
F: Not at all.
T: I love travelling by train, particularly when the train isn't crowded.
F: So do I.
Buying Shoes
Characters: Same as above, but both are men.
A: What would you like sir, please?
T: A pair of good walking shoes.
A: Certainly. What size, please?
T: Size eight, with square toes.
A: Here are several pairs of shoes. Will you try them on, please?
T: Oh, these shoes are nice, but a bit tight, I'm afraid.
A: Then will you try on these, sir?
T: These are too large I think.
A: Perhaps this pair will do?
T: It seems these fit me perfectly. Well, I'll take them.
A: Is there anything else I can get for you?
T: No, thank you. But put an extra pair of laces with those shoes.
A: Certainly.
T: Thank you. Good-bye.
A: Good-bye, sir. Thank you.
Going to the Cinema
Characters: Same as above.
F: I say, Tim, what are you doing tonight?
T: Nothing special, why?
F: What about going to the pictures?
T: Not a bad idea. Shall we go up to the West End?
F: Oh, no, old boy. Why waste our good money? Think of the cost of the journey and the higher price of seats.
T: Right you are. After all we want to see a film and not one of the London fashionable cinema houses. Have you any definite film in mind?
F: Not yet. We'll choose one when we meet.
T: OK.
Come to the Show
Characters: Same as above.
T: Like to go to the pictures this afternoon?
F: Well, I was thinking of getting the end bed ready for planting out the strawberries.
T: Oh, come on. You can do that tomorrow. One day's not going to make all that difference.
F: It may be raining tomorrow. I really want to take the chance of a fine day. Are you very keen to go?
T: Yes, I'm just in the mood.
F: What's on?
T: Let's see. Where's yesterday's evening paper?
F: Oh, haven't you found out what there is? I don't feel inclined to leave the garden if there isn't anything really worth seeing.
T: Wait a minute till I look.
Ordering New Clothes
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Tailor (TR)
T: Good morning, I should like to order a lounge suit. What have you got in the way of materials? I want something for the autumn, not too .heavy and not too light.
TR: How do you like this pattern, sir?
T: It's much too light in colour for the autumn. I'd rather have something darker, and a bit heavier.
TR: .What about this, then?
T: .Yes, that's a better. How much is it?
TR: This is an exceptionally good quality cloth, very soft, and guaranteed pure wool. A suit of this will cost you fifty-six pounds.
T: I'm afraid that's really more than I wanted to pay. I should have liked something cheaper, but still, I expect it's worth it.
TR: Very good, sir. If you'll take off your coat,I'll take your measurements… That's all, .thank you. Can you call in tomorrow fortnight for a fitting?
T: That'll be a Wednesday, won't it? Yes, that’ll suit me. I'll call in between two and three.
At the Dress-shop
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Shop Assistant (A)
T: I should like to try on one of these dresses.
A: Please come with me to the fitting-room. ... This is a model gown and quite the latest style.
T: I like the style but I don't care for the colour, and it's a bit large, too.
A: What about this one? We have this model in several sizes and colours, pale green, dark brown, black...
T: Let me see the black one in my size. Yes, that's better, but isn't the skirt rather long?
A: Yes, we'll shorten that for you an inch or two, and the waist will have to be taken in a little as well, but you can leave all that to us.
At the Tailor's
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Tailor (TR)
TR: Good morning, sir. What can 1 do for you?
T: I should like to be measured for a suit.
TR: With pleasure, sir. Kindly step this way. What style and shade would you prefer?
T: I want an ordinary lounge-suit made of serviceable good woollen stuff.
TR: What colour, sir?
T: Dark grey.
TR: Yes, sir. Will this one do?
T: Oh, yes. I like it. How much would a suit of that cost?
TR: I could make you a suit of that for ... let me see ... for thirty-eight pounds seventy. This is a cloth I can recommend, and it is not too dear.
T: Fair enough.
TR: Now, sir, I'll take your measurements. Could you call in some time next Tuesday week to try the jacket on?
T: Yes, I'll call in at about four in the afternoon, if that's all right with you?
TR: Very good, sir.
I Go to the Barber's
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Barber (B)
В: Good afternoon, sir, what can I do for you?
T: Haircut and a shave, please.
В: Take a seat, please, you won't have to wait long... You're next, sir. Do you want it short or just trimmed?
T: Er — not too short.
B: Very good, sir. ... How's that, sir?
T: Just right thank you.
B: Your hair's rather dry, sir, and it's getting a bit thin on top too. A shampoo will do it a lot of good.
T: Er — Very well.
B: And now for the shave.
T: Yes, but be careful, my skin's rather tender.
В: You needn't worry, sir. I've only once cut a customer. He suddenly jerked his head and I cut his chin. There was a little blood, but nothing to speak of. I soon stopped the bleeding ... There you are, sir, thank you.
T: Thank you. Here you are. Keep the change.
B: Thank you, sir
At a Barber's
Characters: Same as above.
B: Good morning. Will you take a seat, please?
7: Thank you.
В: How shall 1 do it, sir?
T: Just a trim, please.
B: Would you lean back a little? Thank you. ... I've done the sides and the back. What about the top?
T: Well, a little off the top, please.
B: Righto... I see your hair is getting a bit thin on top, sir.
T: Yes, I know. I tried one or two hair tonics, but they didn't seem to help.
B: I've got a very good one here I can recommend. It's especially good for dry hair.
T: Oh, well, I'll try it. And after the haircut I'd like a shampoo, please.
B: Wet or dry shampoo, sir?
T: Wet, please.
At a Hairdresser's
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Hairdresser (H)
H: Good morning, madam. Would you like to come over here? Now, how would you like your hair styled, madam?
T: I'd like it as it is, but tidy it up a bit, please.
H: Yes, madam. We'll shampoo your hair first ... Now, if you'll come over to the dryer, please.
T: Yes, I'm rather in a hurry. Could you put me under a hot dryer?
H: Yes, madam. Sit down, please. This dryer is hot enough and I'll come and comb out your hair in half an hour. Will that be all right?
T: Yes, thanks.
Inthe Surgery
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Dentist (D)
D: Now, which tooth is giving you trouble, sir?
T: I'm not quite sure, but the pain's about here.
D: Let me have a look. Ah! I think this one. There's a cavity and I can soon fill this for you. Would you like an injection?
T: I'd rather not have an injection, thanks.
D: Right you are, since it's a small job, but some people prefer it. ... That's all for today but there are two more teeth that need attention.
T: Then I'll have to come another time? When can you see me?
D: Would ten thirty next Friday suit you?
T: All right. That'll suit me very well. Good-bye.
D: Good-bye. See you next Friday.
At a Chemist's
Characters: 1.Traveller (T)
2.Chemist (C)
С: Good morning.
T: Good morning. I want a tin of first aid dressings, please.
C: Yes. This small tin is ten pence, and the large size is twenty-five.
T: I'll take the smaller one. And I want a bottle of iodine, please. Oh, and some tooth-paste.
С: What make of tooth-paste, madam?
T: Any good brand? I'd like a small size if you have one?
C: Mmm. I'm afraid I haven't any of the smaller lubes in stock. Er — but I have this one at twenty pence. This is a very good make. Or there's this one at twenty-seven.
T: I'll have that one, thank you. And I want a tooth brush.
C: Nylon or bristle?
T: Oh, bristle, I think, but a fairly hard one.
C: Well, I can recommend this one, madam.
T: Oh, but this is white. Haven't you any coloured, ones?
C: Yes, certainly. We have the same brush in several colours. Now, how about this yellow brush?
T: I'd 'rather have that green one.
С: Er —I think that's a soft one, madam. May I just look? Yes, it is. But this blue brush is hard.
T: That'll do, then. That's all, thank you.
Out Shopping
Characters: 1. Traveller (T)
2. Shop Assistant (A)
A: Good morning! Can I help you?
T: Can I have an aerosol air-freshener, please? How much is the large size?
A: It's 32 pence, and the small one's 19 pence.
T: I'll take a small one, please. And a shampoo. How much are these?
A: Ten pence each.
T: I'll have one, please.
A: Anything else, madam?
T: I'll just have a look at my list. Oh, yes, a large bottle of cream lotion. How much is all that please?
A: Aerosol 19 pence; the shampoo, 10 pence; the cream lotion is 13 pence. That'll be 42 pence, madam.
T: Here's 50 pence.
A: And your change, madam, 8 pence.
T: Thank you.
§ 8. Exercises of intonation and rhythm
1. [ ʌ ]
You must ͜ˎcome.
You must ͜ 'come to ˎsupper.
You must ͜ 'come to ˎsupper ˌwith us.
You must ͜ 'come to 'supper •with us and ͜ 'join in ͜ the ˎfun.
2. [ ɑ: ]
I 'shan’t ͜ˎdance.
I 'shan’t ͜'dance at ͜the 'garden ˎparty.
I 'shan’t ͜'dance at ͜the 'garden •party at ͜my 'aunt’s 'farm toˎmorrow.
3. [ ə: ]
'Nightly the 'nurse •tells 'nursery ̀rhymes.
'Nightly the 'nurse •tells 'nursery 'rhymes to the ̀girls.
4. [ e ]
She 'sells ˎeggs.
She 'sells 'hen’s ˎeggs.
She 'sells ͜the 'best 'hen’s ˎeggs.
She 'sells ͜the 'best 'hen’s 'eggs •every ˎWednesday.
She 'sells ͜the 'best 'hen’s 'eggs •every 'Wednesday in ͜the ˎmarket.
5. [ æ ]
He at'tacked ͜the ˎman.
He at'tacked ͜the 'man in ͜the ˎvan.
He at'tacked ͜the 'man in ͜the 'van with a ˎhammer.
He at'tacked ͜the 'man in ͜the 'van with a 'hammer which he 'held ͜with 'both ˎhands.
6. [ eɪ ]
They 'painted ͜the ˎtable.
They 'painted ͜the 'table 'pale-ˎgrey.
They 'painted ͜the 'table 'pale-•grey the 'other ˎday.
They 'painted ͜the 'table 'pale-•grey the 'other 'day to 'save it from ˎstains.
7. [ ʊ ]
'Have a 'look at ͜the ˎbook.
'Have a 'look at ͜the 'book ͜which I 'found •near the ˎbrook.
'Have a 'look at ͜the 'book ͜which I 'found •near the 'brook and ͜'gave to the ˎcook.
8. [ u: ]
I 'choose ˎblue.
I 'choose 'blue ˎshoes.
I 'choose 'blue 'shoes to 'take ͜to ˎschool.
I 'choose 'blue 'shoes to 'take ͜to 'school to ˎuse.
9. [ i: ]
'Come to ˎtea.
If you are 'free 'come to ̀tea.
If you are 'free 'come to ̀tea with me.
If you are 'free 'come to 'tea with me by the ˎsea.
10. [ ɛə ]
That’s ͜the 'rare ˎpair.
That’s ͜the 'rare 'pair for your ˎmare.
That’s ͜the 'rare 'pair for your 'mare to ˎwear.
That’s ͜the 'rare 'pair for your 'mare to 'wear ͜and ͜to ˎbear.
11. [ ɔɪ ]
I was anˎnoyed.
I was an'noyed at ͜the ˎboy.
I was an'noyed at ͜the 'boy who was ͜'spoiling the ˎtoy.
I was an'noyed at ͜the 'boy who was ͜'spoiling the 'toy be'longing to ˎJoe.
12. [ ɔ: ]
'Paul ˎcalled.
'Paul 'called from the ˎhall.
'Paul 'called from the 'hall ͜that he’d 'slipped on the ˎfloor.
'Paul 'called from the 'hall ͜that he’d 'slipped on the 'floor ͜and ͜couldn’t 'get to the ˎdoor.
13. [ ɒ ]
'Where’s ͜the ˎwatch?
'Where’s ͜the 'watch I 'put in my ˎpocket?
'Where’s ͜the 'watch I 'put in my 'pocket ͜to 'take ͜to the ˎshop?
'Where’s ͜the 'watch I 'put in my 'pocket ͜to 'take ͜to the 'shop ͜because it had ͜ˎstopped?
§ 9. Вопросы к зачету
I. Звуковые явления.
Дайте определение или объясните следующие звуковые явления английского языка. Приведите примеры:
¾ Гласные звуки;
¾ Согласные звуки;
¾ Фонема;
¾ Палатализация;
¾ Аспирация;
¾ Артикуляция глухих и звонких согласных;
¾ Фрикативный взрыв;
¾ Позиционная долгота гласных;
¾ Отсутствие аспирации;
¾ Слогообразующая функция английский сонантов;
¾ Боковой взрыв;
¾ Носовой взрыв;
¾ Потеря взрыва;
¾ Удлинение «выдержки» согласного звука;
¾ Ассимиляция в сочетании согласных с межзубными согласными;
¾ Связующий [r];
¾ Ассимиляция в сочетаниях согласных с [r];
¾ Ассимиляция в звукосочетаниях [tw], [kw], [sw], [dw], [gw];
¾ Смысловой глагол have в безударной позиции;
¾ Личные формы глагола to be в специальных вопросах;
¾ Произнесение предлога on в безударной позиции;
¾ Ассимиляция по работе голосовых связок;
¾ Трифтонги;
¾ Варианты нейтрального гласного.
II. Интонационные явления.
Расскажите о данных интонационных явлениях английского языка. Подтвердите теорию примерами.
1. Понятие о тоне. Основные виды тонов.
2. Нисходящий кинетический тон.
3. Высокий восходящий кинетический тон.
4. Терминальный низкий восходящий тон.
5. Нисходяще-восходящий терминальный тон.
6. Интонация неразвернутых побудительных высказываний.
7. Интонация развернутых побудительных высказываний.
8. Интонация прямого обращения.
9. Интонация общих вопросов.
10. Интонация разделительных вопросов.
11. Интонация сложносочиненных предложений.
12. Интонация специальных вопросов.
13. Интонация альтернативных вопросов.
14. Нисходяще-восходящий тон в повествовательных фразах.
15. Нисходяще-восходящий тон в побудительных высказываниях.
16. Нисходяще-восходящий тон в разговорных формулах.
17. Интонационная структура.
18. Фразы из двух интонационных структур.
19. Основные типы шкал.
20. Смешанная шкала.
21. Скользящая шкала.
22. Ритмическая организация фразы.
23. Акцентные типы слов.
24. Акцентная структура специальных вопросов.
25. Фразовое ударение.
26. Редукция служебных слов.
27. Ударность указательных местоимений.
28. Редукция форм глагола to be в течи.
29. Слова с двумя ударениями.
30. Ударность some, any.
31. Слова с двумя ударениями в связной речи.